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The article covers the history of the notarial districts formation in Ukraine. The subject matter of the study is the retrospective of notarial districts formation in Ukraine as well as the development of the grounded proposals for respective legislation improvement. The methodological basis of the study were general scientific (analysis, comparison and modelling) and special (formal and logical) methods of cognition. The notary territorial competence influence on the formation of notarial districts is considered. The author has proved that the notary territorial competence in the context of national legislation is understood as the basis for the notary districts formation. The research suggests the analysis of 4 stages of notary formation and development in Ukraine: early years of independence, establishment of the maximum number of notaries, the years of uncertainty and the current stage, characterized by changes due to administrative-territorial and digital reforms. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that during the early years of independence the legislation, considering the notary territorial competence, was poor, while state intervention into the process of notarial districts allocation was really high. The regulation of the maximum number of notaries and notarial quotas as the legal problem that does not meet today's challenges is revealed. Legislative drafts aiming at regulating the number of notaries and restricting such state intervention in notarial activity have been analysed. The present regulation of the notary territorial competence, as well as legislative updates, considering the administrative-territorial reforms in Ukraine, are studied. The attention is also paid to the administrative-territorial structure as a basis for the allocation of the notary territorial competence. The main concepts of forming the list of notarial districts by the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine are outlined; moreover, their pros and cons are highlighted. The governmental plans to digitalize the state services in terms of launching electronic notaries for remote notarial acts are mentioned. The offer to improve the principles of notary districts system in order to increase the availability of notarial acts to the population is given (driven by the examples of regional notary districts in Kyiv and Sevastopol aiming at providing remote notarial acts). Taking into account the Constitutional provisions, the need to consolidate the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine authorities is justified in context of approving the list of notarial districts in the Law of Ukraine "On Notaries". Keywords: territorial competence of a notary, maximum number of notaries, administrative-territorial structure, administrative-territorial unit, quotas of notaries, availability of notarial acts

The purpose of the article is to scientifically comprehend the role of the Nizhyn district zemstvo during the First World War inproviding assistance to service menand certain categories of the civilian population. On the example of the activity of the Nizhyn Zemstvo it is possible to understand the local processes, to analyze the scale of the challenges of time and to comprehend the ways of overcoming them at the local level. Research methods were selected in accordance with the purpose. In the article were used generals scientific methods of description and analysis, principles of historicism, objectivity and consistency have been applied. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the information introduced into scientific circulation helps to significantly supplement the history of the Nizhyn district zemstvo with new facts, to comprehend the features of humanitarian activities during the First World War. Conclusions. The Nizhyn district zemstvo implemented a number of practical measures to provide assistance to militaries and certain categories of the civilian population during the First World War. The zemstvo most fully understood the needs of the population, the resource and infrastructural potential of the county. These factors were one of the keyfactors for the development of an effective strategy for local humanitarian activity. Members of zemstvo contributed to the establishment of communication with the provincial zemstvo, city government and a number of existing charitable organizations, which made it possible to carry out multi-vector humanitarian activities. The implementation of local initiatives was complicated by the tough bureaucratic system of the empire and the general socio-economic crisis, but even in such conditions the zemstvo supported the existing social infrastructure and responded to the challenges of war time. The experience of the Nizhyn zemstvo deserves attention when developing strategies for solving the problems of our time from the point of view of analyzing and rethinking the ...

The article investigates the main factors of creation and analyzes the main stages of formation and development of the Kyiv Military District during 1864-1914. An analysis of current research on the history of the formation and development of the Kyiv Military District during 1864-1914 shows that this problem remains one of the little-studied pages in either Ukrainian or foreign historiography. At that time, industrialization was gaining momentum in the country, industrial enterprises and railways were being built rapidly, new lands were being plowed, and new territories were being developed, which required the modernization of the Russian army and military industry. The results of the Crimean War left no doubt in Russian society about the need for military reform. The article pays special attention to the study of the place and role of all the processes that took place in the Kiev military district within the modernization of the armed forces of the Russian Empire. The process of creating a military district system in the country is analyzed, the achievements and shortcomings of rearmament of the army, improvement of the system of combat training of troops, reforming the staffing of army units, reorganization of the military education system, ways and scales of officer training are considered. The author of the article tries to prove that in the 60-70s of the XIX century. In the Russian Empire, military reform and the introduction of a military district system created a relative unity in the management of troops and eliminated unnecessary centralization. During 1864 - 1914, the Kiev Military District remained an important part of the military infrastructure of the Russian Empire, where an improved system of combat training was created. Measures in the field of rearmament of the military units of the Kyiv district were reduced to providing them with new types of armament, but this task was carried out rather slowly and by 1914 were not fully completed. Transformations in the field of combat training were aimed at training troops for what is necessary in war, the introduction of new military tactics and the development of personal initiative of the soldier. The reforms of military educational institutions carried out on the territory of the Kyiv Military District significantly changed the entire system of officer and non-commissioned officer training, and the issue of staffing the district troops with officers and non-commissioned officers in peacetime and wartime was resolved. As a result of the introduction of conscription on the territory of the district, a mobilization reserve was created. It turns out that the army in the Russian Empire occupied a special place and was a universal mechanism for solving both domestic and foreign policy problems, constantly waged wars for the expansion of the empire ; У статті досліджуються основні фактори створення та аналізуються головні етапи становлення та розвитку Київського військового округу протягом 1864-1914 років. Основна увага приділяється вивченню місця та ролі всіх тих процесів, що відбувалися в Київському військовому округу в межах модернізації збройних сил Російської імперії. Результати Кримської війни не залишили в російському суспільстві сумнівів в необхідності проведення військової реформи. У статті аналізується процес створення в країні військово-окружної системи, розглядаються досягнення та недоліки переозброєння армії, вдосконалення систем бойової підготовки військ, реформування комплектування армійських частин, реорганізацію системи військової освіти, шляхи та масштаби підготовки офіцерських кадрів тощо. Доводиться, що армія в Російській імперії займала особливе місце й була уні- версальним механізмом для вирішення як багатьох внутрішніх, так й зовнішньополітичних завдань, постійно вела війни за розширення території імперії.

The article examines the organizational and legal aspects of the process of liquidation of national districts and village councils in the Ukrainian SSR in the 1930s. It was established, that the formation of national administrative-territorial units in the 1920s - early 1930s contributed to the involvement of representatives of national minorities in the main measures of Soviet state formation, the growth of their socio-economic and national-cultural level, ensuring the realization of constitutional rights of national minorities. It was found out, that at the stage of establishment of the totalitarian regime, the leadership of the USSR began to see the existence of national districts and village councils the threat of isolation of the population from the holistically built Soviet propaganda system and the impediment to the implementation of total control over society. In new Constitution of the USSR in 1936 and developed on its basis constitution of the USSR in 1937 constitutional and legal guarantees of existence of national districts and village councils disappeared, which in conditions of Soviet reality meant their rapid further elimination. It is determined, that a kind of catalyst that accelerated the process of liquidation of national administrative-territorial units was the introduction of the policy of deportations and mass political repression against representatives of national minorities in the second half of the 1930s. It is emphasized, that the requirement to eliminate national districts and village councils was adopted in December 1937 by the highest party leadership of the USSR. It was proved, that the process of liquidation of national districts and village councils in Ukraine had a number of features, due to both the deployment of the propaganda campaign for the election of the first composition of deputies of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in the spring of 1938, and further organizational preparation for the January 1939 re-census of the population of the USSR, which led to the temporary ...

An appeal to the historical experience of local self-government bodies (zemstvos) functioning at the beginning of the XX century is determined by an ongoing administrative reform in Ukraine, in the course of which new government bodies – the consolidated territorial communities (CTC) are created. The aim of their formation is to optimise management, attract local financial reserves and initiatives to increase a socioeconomic development rate, improve a sociocultural sphere. The implementation of the reform cannot be safe from miscalculations and mistakes without taking into account a historical experience of zemstvos. Considering that the process of forming the elective land bodies in a «non-zemskyi» Kyiv province was covered on the pages of the periodical press, an important task is a retrospective analysis of newspaper publications about the election and activity of zemstvos. As a microhistorical approach makes it possible to study a single context, rather than the illustration of a general context, in this case the study of the activity of one district zemstvo encourages the establishment of anthropocentrism and enriches social history. Therefore, the task of a detailed and thorough study of historical experience necessitates the use of all kinds of historical sources.Found publications about the Uman district zemstvo in the «Kievlianin» as one of the most widespread newspapers, form a complete picture about the election of zemskyi political figures and the main directions of their activity. The systematization of newspaper publications made it possible to present the election process on the basis of the law from March 14, 1911 in detail to find out the statistics of land ownings in Uman district, form a picture about the material possessions of the wealthy part of its residents, as the election law depended on the property qualification. The division of voters into two curiae (Russian and Polish) and a quantitative ratio of voters by nationality reflected a national policy of the Russian autocracy.The newspaper «Kievlianin» publications about the activity of Uman electoral zemstvo show its innovative approaches to welcoming the initiative of the people, first of all – it supports a cooperative movement in Kyiv province, stimulating the development of handicraft and industrial production. Uman district zemstvo as of one of the largest in the province – emerges from the pages of «Kievlianin» as an effective tool attracting the intelligentsia and wealthy social strata to the economic and cultural rise in the region.The conclusion of the article is the statement that the electoral zemstvos owing to their activity contributed to the revival of social life, stimulated the development of statistics, economics, culture, and also to some extent smoothed a social tension, because zemstvo taxes made it possible to direct money from rich strata to industrial and social spheres. ; An appeal to the historical experience of local self-government bodies (zemstvos) functioning at the beginning of the XX century is determined by an ongoing administrative reform in Ukraine, in the course of which new government bodies – the consolidated territorial communities (CTC) are created. The aim of their formation is to optimise management, attract local financial reserves and initiatives to increase a socioeconomic development rate, improve a sociocultural sphere. The implementation of the reform cannot be safe from miscalculations and mistakes without taking into account a historical experience of zemstvos. Considering that the process of forming the elective land bodies in a «non-zemskyi» Kyiv province was covered on the pages of the periodical press, an important task is a retrospective analysis of newspaper publications about the election and activity of zemstvos. As a microhistorical approach makes it possible to study a single context, rather than the illustration of a general context, in this case the study of the activity of one district zemstvo encourages the establishment of anthropocentrism and enriches social history. Therefore, the task of a detailed and thorough study of historical experience necessitates the use of all kinds of historical sources.Found publications about the Uman district zemstvo in the «Kievlianin» as one of the most widespread newspapers, form a complete picture about the election of zemskyi political figures and the main directions of their activity. The systematization of newspaper publications made it possible to present the election process on the basis of the law from March 14, 1911 in detail to find out the statistics of land ownings in Uman district, form a picture about the material possessions of the wealthy part of its residents, as the election law depended on the property qualification. The division of voters into two curiae (Russian and Polish) and a quantitative ratio of voters by nationality reflected a national policy of the Russian autocracy.The newspaper «Kievlianin» publications about the activity of Uman electoral zemstvo show its innovative approaches to welcoming the initiative of the people, first of all – it supports a cooperative movement in Kyiv province, stimulating the development of handicraft and industrial production. Uman district zemstvo as of one of the largest in the province – emerges from the pages of «Kievlianin» as an effective tool attracting the intelligentsia and wealthy social strata to the economic and cultural rise in the region.The conclusion of the article is the statement that the electoral zemstvos owing to their activity contributed to the revival of social life, stimulated the development of statistics, economics, culture, and also to some extent smoothed a social tension, because zemstvo taxes made it possible to direct money from rich strata to industrial and social spheres.

An appeal to the historical experience of local self-government bodies (zemstvos) functioning at the beginning of the XX century is determined by an ongoing administrative reform in Ukraine, in the course of which new government bodies – the consolidated territorial communities (CTC) are created. The aim of their formation is to optimise management, attract local financial reserves and initiatives to increase a socioeconomic development rate, improve a sociocultural sphere. The implementation of the reform cannot be safe from miscalculations and mistakes without taking into account a historical experience of zemstvos. Considering that the process of forming the elective land bodies in a «non-zemskyi» Kyiv province was covered on the pages of the periodical press, an important task is a retrospective analysis of newspaper publications about the election and activity of zemstvos. As a microhistorical approach makes it possible to study a single context, rather than the illustration of a general context, in this case the study of the activity of one district zemstvo encourages the establishment of anthropocentrism and enriches social history. Therefore, the task of a detailed and thorough study of historical experience necessitates the use of all kinds of historical sources.Found publications about the Uman district zemstvo in the «Kievlianin» as one of the most widespread newspapers, form a complete picture about the election of zemskyi political figures and the main directions of their activity. The systematization of newspaper publications made it possible to present the election process on the basis of the law from March 14, 1911 in detail to find out the statistics of land ownings in Uman district, form a picture about the material possessions of the wealthy part of its residents, as the election law depended on the property qualification. The division of voters into two curiae (Russian and Polish) and a quantitative ratio of voters by nationality reflected a national policy of the Russian autocracy.The newspaper «Kievlianin» publications about the activity of Uman electoral zemstvo show its innovative approaches to welcoming the initiative of the people, first of all – it supports a cooperative movement in Kyiv province, stimulating the development of handicraft and industrial production. Uman district zemstvo as of one of the largest in the province – emerges from the pages of «Kievlianin» as an effective tool attracting the intelligentsia and wealthy social strata to the economic and cultural rise in the region.The conclusion of the article is the statement that the electoral zemstvos owing to their activity contributed to the revival of social life, stimulated the development of statistics, economics, culture, and also to some extent smoothed a social tension, because zemstvo taxes made it possible to direct money from rich strata to industrial and social spheres. ; An appeal to the historical experience of local self-government bodies (zemstvos) functioning at the beginning of the XX century is determined by an ongoing administrative reform in Ukraine, in the course of which new government bodies – the consolidated territorial communities (CTC) are created. The aim of their formation is to optimise management, attract local financial reserves and initiatives to increase a socioeconomic development rate, improve a sociocultural sphere. The implementation of the reform cannot be safe from miscalculations and mistakes without taking into account a historical experience of zemstvos. Considering that the process of forming the elective land bodies in a «non-zemskyi» Kyiv province was covered on the pages of the periodical press, an important task is a retrospective analysis of newspaper publications about the election and activity of zemstvos. As a microhistorical approach makes it possible to study a single context, rather than the illustration of a general context, in this case the study of the activity of one district zemstvo encourages the establishment of anthropocentrism and enriches social history. Therefore, the task of a detailed and thorough study of historical experience necessitates the use of all kinds of historical sources.Found publications about the Uman district zemstvo in the «Kievlianin» as one of the most widespread newspapers, form a complete picture about the election of zemskyi political figures and the main directions of their activity. The systematization of newspaper publications made it possible to present the election process on the basis of the law from March 14, 1911 in detail to find out the statistics of land ownings in Uman district, form a picture about the material possessions of the wealthy part of its residents, as the election law depended on the property qualification. The division of voters into two curiae (Russian and Polish) and a quantitative ratio of voters by nationality reflected a national policy of the Russian autocracy.The newspaper «Kievlianin» publications about the activity of Uman electoral zemstvo show its innovative approaches to welcoming the initiative of the people, first of all – it supports a cooperative movement in Kyiv province, stimulating the development of handicraft and industrial production. Uman district zemstvo as of one of the largest in the province – emerges from the pages of «Kievlianin» as an effective tool attracting the intelligentsia and wealthy social strata to the economic and cultural rise in the region.The conclusion of the article is the statement that the electoral zemstvos owing to their activity contributed to the revival of social life, stimulated the development of statistics, economics, culture, and also to some extent smoothed a social tension, because zemstvo taxes made it possible to direct money from rich strata to industrial and social spheres.

The article analyses the modern government of the cities with district division without in-termediate form (except the cities with special status), and the government in cities without district division through micro district level. There is the analyses of criteria of government through correlation between quantity of the employees of the local government and the popula-tion of city. It was made the analyses of administrative divisions of the city, its geography com-parative to another such cities. The aim of this research is analysis of intermediate government of cities through district and microdistrict levels. Nowadays the deep tendencies of approbation the intermediate government through district and microdistrict levels in the cities are dominated. According such form deconcentration of powers of city council among disctricts in the cities it is possible to create the structure of subor-dination the bodies of local government. It provides an efficiency of realization their functions and tasks and rational using of financial resources of cities and districts. ; У статті аналізується сучасний стан управління містами із районним поділом без про-міжного владного представлення (крім міст зі спеціальним статусом), а також управління містами без районного у місті поділу через мікрорайонний у місті рівень. Також аналізу під-падають критерії управління містом через співвідношення кількості населення міста на ви-значену кількість працівників органів місцевого самоврядування. Крім того, поза увагою не залишився аналіз адміністративно-територіального устрою міста, його географія у по-рівнянні з іншими подібними містами.Метою даного дослідження є аналіз форм проміжного управління містами через район-ний та мікрорайонний у місті рівні.На сьогодні переважають глибокі тенденції щодо апробації форм проміжного управлін-ня районами міста та містом в цілому через управління на районному та мікрорайонному у місті рівнях. Завдяки таким формам деконцентрації повноважень міської ради на рівні управління районами (мікрорайонами) у ...

The experience of local self-governing in the South of Ukraine, particularly in district land development in Kherson government (1864−1917), is being studied. Forest protection activities consisted in severe penalties for unauthorized deforestation in favor of district and benefits systems for afforestation by private owners. The articles and reports about forest profit in water retention in soils and for crop yield increasing published both in district and in local periodicals. The district in every possible way popularized the A. A. De-Carrier's experiment in 80-90's of the XIX century, when in the most unfavorable highest part of the estate the afforestation had been accomplished in the form of two parallel stripes, between them grain crops were being sown. Regularly the district activities in ravines afforesting were being implemented. ; Исследуется опыт деятельности местного самоуправления на Юге Украины в 1864-1917 гг., в частности Херсонского земства, в области мелиорации. Работа по охране леса херсонского самоуправления заключалась во внедрении жестоких штрафов за самовольные вырубки в пользу земства и введении вознаграждений за лесоразведение частными владельцами. Также как в земских, так и в местных периодических изданиях печатались статьи и сообщения о пользе леса в задержке влаги в почве и для увеличения урожайности. Земство всячески пропагандировало эксперимент А. А. Дэ-Карриера 80 – 90-х годов XIX в., когда в самой неблагоприятной высокой части имения были проведены лесонасаждения параллельными полосами, между которыми сеялись зерновые. Планомерно велась работа в земстве по облесению оврагов. ; Досліджується досвід діяльності місцевого самоврядування в 1864 – 1917 рр. на Півдні України, зокрема Херсонського земства, в галузі меліорації. Лісоохоронна робота херсонського самоврядування полягала у застосуванні жорстких штрафів за самовільні вирубки на користь земства та запровадженні винагород за лісорозведення приватними власниками. За найменші посадки видавалися премії. Також, як в земських, так і в місцевих періодичних виданнях друкувалися статті і повідомлення про користь лісу в затримці вологи в ґрунті для збільшення урожайності існуючих сільськогосподарських земель. Земство всіляко пропагувало експеримент А. А. Де-Карріера 80 – 90-х років ХІХ ст., коли в найнесприятливішій високій частині маєтку були проведені лісонасадження паралельними смугами, між якими сіялися зернові. Такі вітрозахисні смуги збільшили врожайність зернових без зрошення. Земством велася планомірна робота з заліснення ярів.

Проаналізовано інституційне забезпечення діяльності районних у місті адміністрацій. Виявлено, що діяльність районних у місті адміністрацій не відповідає вимогам чинного законодавства. За результатами дослідження окреслено основні пропозиції з легалізації форми районної у місті адміністрації. ; The article analyzes the institutional provision for the activity of city district administrations. It is revealed that the activity of city district administrations doesn't meet the requirements of the current legislation. The institutional support of the activity of city district administrations is analyzed. On the basis of research results, the main proposals on legalization of the form of city district administrations are outlined.

The purpose of the article is to characterize the process of forming the simplified public administration in non-district towns and posads of Chernihiv province, its structure, limits of competence, the number of voters and commissioners delegated according to the Regulation of 1892. Research methods are determined by the goal, based on the principles of historicism and objectivity. They are represented by general scientific methods of analysis, induction and special-historical: historical-genetic and historical-comparative. The scientific novelty of this article is that it is the first attempt to study simplified public self-government of the late XIX on the materials of Chernihiv province. Using a representative source base, absolute and relative number of voters and commissioners in non-district towns and posads at a specified time were calculated. As a result of the study we can make the following conclusions. The simplified public administration was started in 20 localities of Chernihiv province, 3 non-district towns and 17 posads by the reform of 1892. Owners of real estate, worth at least 100 rub., from which they paid taxes to the local budget, were given the opportunity to vote. They elected a meeting of commissioners endowed with administrative power, the executive – relied on the chief and his assistants. The limits of the simplified self-government competence covered a wide range of economic and household issues, which were resolved collegially, by a majority vote of commissioners. The activity took place within the city legislation, under the direct control of provincial administration and the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The existing electoral system minimized the number of people with the right to express their will, who, by social affiliation, usually came from privileged classes. The simplified structure of public administration allowed to accumulate the power in hands of a meager number of commissioners, which made it impossible to represent proportionally the interests of all social strata in ...

The article expresses the author's attempt to outline the process of organizational and institutional design of the Reformed Church District within Subcarpathian Rus. It is noted that the Hungarian Reformed communities of the region found themselves isolated from the Reformed Church leaders after the First World War. That uncertainty negatively affected the overall tone of the Hungarian population, despite its religious affiliation. Two camps originated among the Reformed Church activists who remained on the territory of the newly formed Czechoslovakia concerning the future of the Reformed dioceses of Subcarpathian Rus. Some, including the newly elected Bishop Zinke, considered the possible alignment of the Transcarpathian dioceses to the Slovak Prytysyn Church District. Others argued for the separation and formation of an independent church district within Subcarpathian Rus. The Government circles "encouraged" that suggestion. The process of arranging the Reformed Church District within Subcarpathian Rus began almost after Saint-Germain and Trianon and ended only in 1923. As noted by the author, the relationship between the Reformed Church and the state remained complex and tense. The state did not openly restrict the autonomous rights of the church. However, several problems remained unsolved and caused conflicts: the issues of church officials' and teachers' citizenship, payment of congrues and promised state subventions, church school status, the language of instruction in church schools, national and religious affiliation of church school students, etc. The government was also dissatisfied with the candidacy of B. Bertok, the elected bishop of the Reformed Church of Subcarpathian Rus. For almost a decade (1932), the authorities de jure recognized the status of the Reformed Church District of Subcarpathian Rus but failed to admit Bertok's status as the elected church head. ; Угорські реформатські громади Закарпаття після Першої світової війни та державно-адміністративних змін опинилися у ситуації повної відірваності від керівництва Реформатської церкви. Ситуація невизначеності негативно впливала на загальні настрої угорського населення, незважаючи на конфесійну належність. У середовищі активістів реформатської церкви, які залишилися на території новоствореної Чехословаччини, сформувалося два табори щодо майбутнього реформатських єпархій Підкарпатської Русі. Одні, серед них новообраний єпископ Цінке, розглядали можливість приєднання закарпатських єпархій до Словацького Притисянського церковного округу. Інші – висловлювалися за відокремлення й утворення самостійного церковного округу в межах Підкарпатської Русі. Урядові кола «заохочували» саме цей варіант. Процес організаційного та інституційного оформлення Реформатського церковного округу Підкарпатської Русі розпочався практично після Сен-Жермена і Тріанона та завершився тільки у 1923 році. Взаємовідносини реформатської церкви з державою залишалися складними і напруженими. Держава відкрито не обмежувала автономні права церкви. Втім, залишалося ряд проблем, які стали причиною конфліктів: питання громадянства церковних урядників та вчителів, виплата конгруа та обіцяних державних субвенцій, статус церковних шкіл, мова навчання у церковних школах, національно-конфесійна належність учнів церковних шкіл тощо. Не влаштовувала владу і кандидатура обраного єпископа Реформатської церкви Підкарпатської Русі Б. Бертока. Впродовж майже цілого десятиліття влада де-юре визнавала статус Реформатського церковного округу Підкарпатської Русі, але не визнавала статус Бертока як обраного голови церкви.

The article expresses the author's attempt to outline the process of organizational and institutional design of the Reformed Church District within Subcarpathian Rus. It is noted that the Hungarian Reformed communities of the region found themselves isolated from the Reformed Church leaders after the First World War. That uncertainty negatively affected the overall tone of the Hungarian population, despite its religious affiliation. Two camps originated among the Reformed Church activists who remained on the territory of the newly formed Czechoslovakia concerning the future of the Reformed dioceses of Subcarpathian Rus. Some, including the newly elected Bishop Zinke, considered the possible alignment of the Transcarpathian dioceses to the Slovak Prytysyn Church District. Others argued for the separation and formation of an independent church district within Subcarpathian Rus. The Government circles "encouraged" that suggestion. The process of arranging the Reformed Church District within Subcarpathian Rus began almost after Saint-Germain and Trianon and ended only in 1923. As noted by the author, the relationship between the Reformed Church and the state remained complex and tense. The state did not openly restrict the autonomous rights of the church. However, several problems remained unsolved and caused conflicts: the issues of church officials' and teachers' citizenship, payment of congrues and promised state subventions, church school status, the language of instruction in church schools, national and religious affiliation of church school students, etc. The government was also dissatisfied with the candidacy of B. Bertok, the elected bishop of the Reformed Church of Subcarpathian Rus. For almost a decade (1932), the authorities de jure recognized the status of the Reformed Church District of Subcarpathian Rus but failed to admit Bertok's status as the elected church head. ; Угорські реформатські громади Закарпаття після Першої світової війни та державно-адміністративних змін опинилися у ситуації повної відірваності від керівництва Реформатської церкви. Ситуація невизначеності негативно впливала на загальні настрої угорського населення, незважаючи на конфесійну належність. У середовищі активістів реформатської церкви, які залишилися на території новоствореної Чехословаччини, сформувалося два табори щодо майбутнього реформатських єпархій Підкарпатської Русі. Одні, серед них новообраний єпископ Цінке, розглядали можливість приєднання закарпатських єпархій до Словацького Притисянського церковного округу. Інші – висловлювалися за відокремлення й утворення самостійного церковного округу в межах Підкарпатської Русі. Урядові кола «заохочували» саме цей варіант. Процес організаційного та інституційного оформлення Реформатського церковного округу Підкарпатської Русі розпочався практично після Сен-Жермена і Тріанона та завершився тільки у 1923 році. Взаємовідносини реформатської церкви з державою залишалися складними і напруженими. Держава відкрито не обмежувала автономні права церкви. Втім, залишалося ряд проблем, які стали причиною конфліктів: питання громадянства церковних урядників та вчителів, виплата конгруа та обіцяних державних субвенцій, статус церковних шкіл, мова навчання у церковних школах, національно-конфесійна належність учнів церковних шкіл тощо. Не влаштовувала владу і кандидатура обраного єпископа Реформатської церкви Підкарпатської Русі Б. Бертока. Впродовж майже цілого десятиліття влада де-юре визнавала статус Реформатського церковного округу Підкарпатської Русі, але не визнавала статус Бертока як обраного голови церкви.

The paper analyzes the project of creation of "New Kharkiv" – a "socialist town" for workers of Kharkiv Tractor Plant (KhTZ) at the level of its development, implementation and memory. Today, the space of "the town" is the heart of the Industrialnyi (1934–2016 Ordzhonikidzevskyi) district of Kharkiv, located on the northeast outskirts of the city. The article analyzes the project of "the town", everyday practices of its inhabitants in the 1930s, the image of the district in city guides, the symbolic changes that took place in the toponymics of the district during decommunization. It has been established that the authors and developers of the project were a team of young architects led by P. Alyoshin. The designers tried to realize the social ideals of the era through specific architectural solutions. It was assumed that all the residents of the town would be workers whose way of life would be in socialized to the limit. For this purpose, no kitchens were designed in the apartments, which was intended to provide public eating facilities. Some odious ideas (connecting the houses with corridor-bridges at the second floor level) were rejected in the early stages of implementation. The authors of city guides during the second half of the XX century. advised guests and residents of the city to visit the area of the "social town". Although its description is devoid of the pathos of the first five-year plan, it is labeled "model", "cozy", "green". The positive image of the area was marginalized in the early 1990s. With the decline of the economy, the collapse of the social sphere of enterprises, the working districts and towns in Ukraine lose their metaphorical meaning. The KhTZ area was no exception. The analysis of changes in the toponymics of the district shows that during the decommunization its space was deprived of the most odious Soviet political figures (S. Ordzhonikidze, S. Kosior, etc.). More than half of the streets were named after Soviet figures who are directly related to the development of the area and/or worked/were born in Kharkiv. New toponymic names reflect the historical context of origin and the essence of the working outskirts. ; У роботі здійснено аналіз проєкту створення «Нового Харкова» – «соціалістичного містечка» для робітників Харківського тракторного заводу (ХТЗ) на рівні розробки, реалізації та пам'яті про нього. Сьогодні простір «містечка» є серцевиною Індустріального (1934–2016рр. Орджонікідзевського) району Харкова, розташованого на північно-східній околиці міста. У статті аналізується проєкт «містечка», повсякденні практики його мешканців у 1930-ті, образ району в путівниках по місту, символічні зміни, що відбулись у топоніміці району під час декомунізації. Встановлено, що авторами-розробниками проєкту був колектив молодих архітекторів на чолі з П.Альошиним. Проєктувальники намагалися реалізувати суспільні ідеали епохи завдяки специфічним архітектурним рішенням. Передбачалося, що всі мешканці містечка будуть робітниками, побут яких буде максимально усуспільнено. Для цієї мети у квартирах не було запроєктовано кухонь, що мало забезпечити відвідування закладів громадського харчування. Окремі неприйнятні ідеї (з'єднання будинків коридорами-мостами на рівні другого поверху) були відкинуті на перших стадіях реалізації. Автори путівників по місту протягом другої половини ХХ ст. радили гостям та мешканцям міста відвідати район «соцмістечка». Його опис, хоч і позбавлений пафосу років першої п'ятирічки, втім, маркується як «зразковий», «затишний», «зелений». Позитивний образ району маргіналізується на початку 1990-х років. Із занепадом економіки, розвалом соціальної сфери підприємств робітничі райони та містечка в Україні втрачають метафоричний сенс свого існування. Район ХТЗ не був винятком. Аналіз змін у топоніміці району свідчить, що під час декомунізації його простір був позбавлений найбільш одіозних радянських політичних діячів (С.Орджонікідзе, С. Косіор та ін.). Більша половина вулиць була названа на честь радянський діячів, життя чи діяльність яких безпосередньо стосуються розвитку району та/чи Харкова. Нові топонімічні назви відображають історичний контекст виникнення та сутність робітничої околиці.

The article represents the statistical evidence of the frequency of arterial hypertension occurrence in patients of district institutional polyclinic, of military medical service of Security Service of Ukraine in Ternopil region. ; У статті наведено статистичні дані щодо частоти виявлення артеріальної гіпертензії на дільниці обслу­говування поліклінічного відділу військово-медичної служби управління СБУ в Тернопільській області.

The article represents the statistical evidence of the frequency of arterial hypertension occurrence in patients of district institutional polyclinic, of military medical service of Security Service of Ukraine in Ternopil region. ; У статті наведено статистичні дані щодо частоти виявлення артеріальної гіпертензії на дільниці обслу­говування поліклінічного відділу військово-медичної служби управління СБУ в Тернопільській області.