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Managing fiscal policy—the revenues and spending of an individual nation—is among the most challenging tasks facing governments. Wealthy countries are constrained by complex regulation and taxation policies, while developing nations often face high inflation and trade taxes. In this volume, esteemed economists Takatoshi Ito and Andrew K. Rose, along with other leading experts, examine the problems and challenges facing public finance in East Asian developing countries as well as the United States and Japan. Fiscal Policy and Management in East Asia explores the inefficient tax systems of many developing countries, the relationship between public and private sector economic behavior, and the pressing issue of future obligations that governments have undertaken to provide pensions and health care for their citizens. Featuring both overviews and analyses of the countries discussed, this book will be of value to economists and policymakers seeking to understand fiscal policy in a global context

As Japan's decade-long economic stagnation continues, there has been much analysis of the immediate macroeconomic problems that confront the Japanese economy. This book looks past the short-run challenges to the future of Japan and highlights the intermediate and longer-term issues that country faces. In this, the first book-length academic treatment of this important issue, a team of notable contributors present nine papers, offering a comprehensive assessment of those economic difficulties and addressing a range of specific issues, from financial restructuring and the impact of the aging Japanese population to corporate behavior, public lending, employment practices, and innovative capacity. In each paper, contributors clearly identify and outline problems and concerns, carefully pose provocative questions, and in many instances present concrete suggestions for improvement. The resulting volume is a timely and important examination of critical issues for Japan's stalling economy, packed with both telling data and expert analysis and offering valuable perspectives on Japan's current obstacles

Key themes in Vietnam's constitutions and constitutional debates -- The 1946 constitution : a charter for independence and unity -- The 1959 constitution : a charter for socialism in the North -- The 1980 constitution : a charter for reunification under socialism -- The 1992 constitution : a charter for renovation (doi moi) -- Revising the 1992 constitution : debates and decisions after fifteen years of renovation (doi moi) -- Implementing constitutional guarantees : the problem of associational rights -- The problem of judicial independence in a party-dominated state -- Enforcing the constitution : the debate over 'constitutional protection' and a constitutional court -- Afterword : the future of the Vietnamese constitution

"This fascinating ethnography examines one segment of Vietnam's diverse sex industry. Between 2006 and 2010, author Kimberly Kay Hoang was employed at four exclusive Saigon hostess bars catering to high-end clientele: wealthy Asian businessmen, Western expatriates and tourists, local Vietnamese men, and Viet Kieus (ethnic Vietnamese living abroad). Using participant observation and in-depth interviews with the sex workers, bar owners, managers, and mostly rich clients at all four locations, Hoang argues that Vietnam's high-end sex industry is much more than a byproduct of globalization--it's an integral component of the country's free-market capitalism, including its emergence as a regional economic player. Major business deals in Vietnam often occur within hostess bars, which businessmen use to stage a display of power, forge relationships, and impress clients. Hostesses facilitate these transactions by socializing with clients, as well as fulfilling fantasies of the flesh and of the culture. The author reveals how recent changes in the political economy have shaped the social structure of sex work in the country, just as actors involved in the sex industry have actively shaped Vietnam's political economy. Multiple constructions of gender are emerging across local, national, and global socio-spaces from the bottom up and the top down"--Provided by publisher

Open-access edition: DOI 10.6069/9780295805450 The essays in this volume analyze and compare what it means to be Hakka in a variety of sociocultural, political, geographical, and historical contexts including Malaysia, Hong Kong, Calcutta, Taiwan, and contemporary China.

"TITLE PAGE" -- "TABLE OF CONTENTS" -- "CONTRIBUTOR LIST" -- "PREFACE" -- "ACKNOWLEDGMENTS" -- "Section I: Examples of Recently Developed International and National Codes and Policies" -- "1. THE ORIGIN, OBJECTIVES, AND EVOLUTION OF THE WORLD CONFERENCES ON RESEARCH INTEGRITY" -- "1.1. Introduction" -- "1.2. The First World Conference on Research Integrity" -- "1.3. The Second World Conference on Research Integrity" -- "1.4. The Third World Conference on Research Integrity" -- "1.5. Recent and Future Conferences" -- "References" -- "2. FOSTERING INTEGRITY IN RESEARCH" -- "2.1. Introduction" -- "2.2. The Integrity of Research" -- "2.3. Research Misconduct and Detrimental Research Practices" -- "2.4. Fostering Integrity in Research" -- "2.5. Key Themes and Takeaways" -- "2.6. Full Text of the Findings and Recommendations [NASEM, 2017]" -- "Acknowledgments" -- "References" -- "3. SCIENTIFIC INTEGRITY" -- "3.1. Introduction" -- "3.2. Department of the Interior, First Steps in Scientific Integrity" -- "3.3. Raising the Bar on Scientific Integrity" -- "3.4. New Scientific Integrity Policy at DOI" -- "3.5. Revised Scientific Integrity Policy at DOI" -- "3.6. Scientific Integrity Website" -- "3.7. Scientific Integrity Training" -- "3.8. The Future Scientific Integrity Policy at DOI?" -- "3.9. Conclusion" -- "Acknowledgments" -- "References" -- "Section II: The Role of Geoscience Professional Societies in Scientific Integrity and Ethics" -- "4. THE AMERICAN GEOSCIENCES INSTITUTE GUIDELINES FOR ETHICAL PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT" -- "4.1. 1999 AGI Guidelines for Ethical Professional Conduct" -- "4.2. Revision of the 1999 Guidelines for Ethical Professional Conduct" -- "4.3. Comparison of the 1999 and 2015 Guidelines for Ethical Professional Conduct" -- "4.4. Next Steps" -- "References

Intro -- FEDERAL CONTROL OF AIR EMISSIONS SELECT TYPES OF CONSIDERATIONS -- FEDERAL CONTROL OF AIR EMISSIONS SELECT TYPES OF CONSIDERATIONS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 CONTROLLING AIR EMISSIONS FROM OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF SOURCES: A COMPARISON OF TWO PROGRAMS - EPA AND DOI -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- OVERVIEW -- History of OCS Air Emission Governance -- 1953-1978 -- 1978-1990 -- 1990-Present -- Role of OCS Moratoria -- EPA OCS AIR PROGRAM -- Outer OCS Source Requirements -- Prevention of Significant Deterioration -- Best Available Control Technology (BACT) -- Air Quality Demonstration and Analyses -- Emissions Monitoring and Reporting -- Exemption for Temporary Sources -- New Source Performance Standards -- National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants -- Title V/Part 71 Operating Permits -- Inner OCS Source Requirements -- Attainment vs. Nonattainment Areas -- Notice of Intent/Corresponding Onshore Area Designation -- OCS Vessel Emissions -- State Authority -- Procedural Requirements -- Public Participation -- Administrative Appeals Process -- Judicial Review -- DOI OCS AIR PROGRAM -- Activity-Specific Plan Requirements -- Exemption Determination -- Significance Determination -- Required Emission Controls -- Emissions Monitoring and Reporting -- Nonattainment Areas -- Attainment Areas -- Temporary Facilities -- OCS Vessel Emissions -- Procedural Requirements -- Coastal Zone Management Act Review -- Public Participation -- Judicial Review -- COMPARISON OF DOI AND EPA AIR PROGRAMS -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 EPA'S BOILER MACT: CONTROLLING EMISSIONS OF HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- WHY IS EPA CONSIDERING REGULATING THESE SOURCES? -- RECONSIDERATION OF THE RULE -- THE PROMULGATED STANDARDS -- Standards for Existing Coal, Biomass, and Liquid Units -- Standards for Existing Gas-Fired Units

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Part One: Moral Values and Sentiments -- 1. Human Nature in the Japanese Myths -- 2. The Monkey Memorial Service of Japanese Primatologists -- 3. A Culture of Love and Hate -- 4. Compensative Justice and Moral Investment among Japanese, Chinese, and Koreans -- 5. Individual, Group and Seishin: Japan's Interned Cultural Debate -- 6. The Relation of Guilt toward Parents to Achievement and Arranged Marriage among the Japanese -- Part Two: Interaction, Communication, and Grouping -- 7. An Ethnography of Dinner Entertainment in Japan -- 8. Amae: A Key Concept for Understanding Japanese Personality Structure -- 9. "Male Chauvinism" as a Manifestation of Love in Marriage -- 10. Language and Behavior in Japan: The Conceptualization of Personal Relations -- 11. Gift-Giving in a Modernizing Japan -- 12. Criteria of Group Formation -- 13. Skiing Cross-Culturally -- Part Three: Development and Socialization -- 14. Maternal Care and Infant Behavior in Japan and America -- 15. Who Sleeps by Whom? Parent-Child Involvement in Urban Japanese Families -- 16. Ethics and Moral Precepts Taught in Schools of Japan and the United States -- 17. Violence in the Home: Conflict between Two Principles— Maternal and Paternal -- 18. "Spirituell Education" in aJapanese Bank -- Part Four: Cultural Stress, Psychotherapies, and Resocialization -- 19. Nonmedical Healing in Contemporary Japan: A Psychiatric Study -- 20. Self-Reconstruction in Japanese Religious Psychotherapy -- 21. Japanese Attitudes toward Mental Health and Mental Health Care -- 22. Fear of Eye-to-Eye Confrontation among Neurotic Patients in Japan -- 23. Naikan Therapy -- References -- Contributors -- Index

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 Vietnam, Land of Opportunity -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 The Country of Vietnam -- 1.2.1 Geography and Climate -- 1.2.2 History and Society -- 1.3 More Recent Economic Policy and Performance -- 1.4 Doing Business in Vietnam -- 1.5 Conclusion: Vietnam and Business Opportunity -- References -- 2 The Road to Doi Moi in Vietnam -- 2.1 Early Attempted Reforms -- 2.2 The Economic Reform Policy of the Sixth Congress of 1986 -- 2.2.1 Reorganizing the Structure of Production and Investment -- 2.2.2 Conducting the Socialist Transformation -- 2.2.3 Reforming the Economic Management Mechanism -- 2.2.4 Solving the Urgent Problems of Distribution and Circulation -- 2.3 The Amendments and Supplements of the Doi Moi Policy -- 2.3.1 Recognizing the Market Economy -- 2.3.2 Developing a Multi-Sector Economy -- 2.3.3 Expanding Foreign Trade -- 2.3.4 Attracting Foreign Investment -- 2.4 Major Economic Achievements of Doi Moi -- 2.5 Conclusion -- References -- 3 State-Owned Enterprises in Vietnam: Challenges Hindering the Privatization Process -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 SOEs in Vietnam -- 3.3 Challenges for the Privatization Process in Vietnam -- 3.3.1 Strategy -- 3.3.1.1 Compensation Paid to Sell-Side Advisors Is Too Low -- 3.3.1.2 Timeline Does Not Meet Investors' Needs -- 3.3.2 Lack of Incentives and Political Will -- 3.3.2.1 Lack of Meaningful Incentives for SOE Management and Employees -- 3.3.2.2 Reluctance from the Local Government and Proprietor Ministries -- 3.3.3 Corporate Governance Issues -- 3.3.3.1 Lack of Corporate Governance -- 3.3.3.2 Poor Information Disclosure by SOEs -- 3.3.3.3 Land Asset Valuation Is Complicated -- 3.3.3.4 Transactions Are Not Always at Arms-Length -- 3.3.4 Supervision and Accountability -- 3.3.4.1 Law on Equitization Has Not Been in Place.

Introduction : Agent Orange, Rural Development, and Enduring Farmers -- Changing Vietnam and Farmers -- Development, Agriculture, and Farmers -- Agent Orange and Vietnamese Farmers : A Distant Legacy -- Farmers in Post-Doi Moi Vietnam -- Health and Elusive Risks -- Health and the Farmers : Whose Responsibility Counts? -- Farmers' Logic : Loss Aversion -- Seed for Action, Seed for Change.

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Series Preface -- Introduction -- Part I: Preventing Harm -- Chapter 1: Fost, Norman. 'Banning Drugs in Sports: A Skeptical View.' The Hastings Center Report 16, no. 4 (August 1986), 5-10. DOI:10.2307/3563105 -- Chapter 2: Murray, Thomas H. 'The Coercive Power of Drugs in Sports.' The Hastings Center Report 13, no. 4 (August 1983), 24-30 -- Chapter 3: Kayser, Bengt, Alexandre Mauron, and Andy Miah. 'Current Anti-Doping Policy: A Critical Appraisal.' BMC Medical Ethics 8, no. 1 (2007), 2. DOI:10.1186/1472-6939-8-2 -- Chapter 4: Holm, Søren. 'Doping under Medical Control: Conceptually Possible but Impossible in the World of Professional Sports?' Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 1, no. 2 (August 2007), 135-145 -- Chapter 5: King, Nancy M. P., and Richard Robeson. 'Athlete or Guinea Pig? Sports and Enhancement Research.' Studies in Ethics, Law, and Technology 1, no. 1 (January 2007). DOI: 10.2202/1941-6008.1006 -- Chapter 6: McNamee, Michael. 'Ethical Considerations in Paralympic Sport: When Are Elective Treatments Allowable to Improve Sports Performance?' PM & -- R: The Journal of Injury, Function, and Rehabilitation 6, 8 Suppl. (August 2014), S66-75 -- Part II: Ensuring Fairness -- Chapter 7: Tamburrini, Claudio M. 'What's Wrong with Genetic Inequality? The Impact of Genetic Technology on Elite Sports and Society.' Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 1, no. 2 (August 2007), 229-238 -- Chapter 8: Murray, Thomas H. 'Making Sense of Fairness in Sports.' Hastings Center Report 40, no. 2 (2010), 13-15 -- Chapter 9: Carr, Craig L. 'Fairness and Performance Enhancement in Sport.' Journal of the Philosophy of Sport 35, no. 2 (October 2008), 193-207.

This book, first published in 1998, studies the social impact of Doi Moi, a policy of economic renovation, on the living conditions in state forest enterprises and agricultural cooperatives in northern Vietnam. It compares the authors' findings with those of 1987, before the formal adoption of the new economic policies - essentially the opening up of the economy to market forces.

Governments and politics in Southeast Asia -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Introduction -- 1. Brunei: Malay, Monarchical, Micro-state -- 2. Cambodia: After the Killing Fields -- 3. Indonesia: Transforming the Leviathan -- 4. Laos: Timid Transition -- 5. Malaysia: Developmental State Challenged -- 6. Myanmar: Military in Charge -- 7. Philippines: Counting People Power -- 8. Singapore: Meritocratic City-State -- 9. Thailand: Reform Politics -- 10. Vietnam: Doi Moi Difficulties -- Conclusion -- Index.

Intro -- DOI https://doi.org/10.21832/XU8212 -- Contents -- Figures and Tables -- Contributors -- 1 Introduction: Gamification in Tourism -- The Cutting-Edge Trend in Tourism -- Part 1 Gamification Theories -- 2 Gamification, Game Mechanics, Game Thinking and Players' Profile and Life Cycle -- 3 Understanding Games and Gamified Experiences: The MAPS-AIM Model -- 4 Gamification: Practices, Benefits and Challenges -- Part 2 Gamification Application and Case Studies -- 5 Gamification Applications in Hospitality and Airline Industries: A Unified Gamification Model

Vietnam's bold economic reforms initiated under the title of Doi Moi in 1986 have produced spectacular economic outcomes which have fascinated economists, business people, commerce students, political scientists and government advisors alike worldwide. This book surveys important aspects of these developments, analyses the main contributing factors, provides useful references on developing and transitional economies, and details soundly researched prospects in trade, investment and business in this new rapidly developing market economy in East Asia.