Suchergebnisse

In 1986, the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) adopted the Doi Moi (Renovation) policy at its sixth national congress, opening up a new chapter in the country's modern history. Under Doi Moi, Vietnam has undergone significant socio-economic, political and foreign policy reforms that have transformed the country in many meaningful ways. This edited volume aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the multiple aspects and transformations of Vietnam's foreign policy over the past thirty years. The book is divided into three sections. The first covers the broader framework of Vietnam's foreign policy making and the historical evolution of Vietnam's diplomacy under Doi Moi. The second examines Vietnam's bilateral relationships with its major partners, namely the United States, China, Japan, India, Russia, its smaller neighbours (Cambodia and Laos), and ASEAN. Finally, the book looks into two major issues in Vietnam's current foreign policy: the management of the South China Sea disputes and the international economic integration process. As the most informative, updated and comprehensive volume on Vietnam's foreign policy under Doi Moi, the book is a useful reference for academics, policymakers and students, as well as anyone interested in contemporary Vietnam in general and its foreign policy in particular.

Vietnam's foreign policy under Doi Moi -- Contents -- List of Tables -- List of Figures -- List of Abbreviations -- Acknowledgements -- About the Contributors -- Part I. Analytical and Historical Framework -- 1. Introduction: The Making of Vietnam's Foreign Policy under Doi Moi -- 2. The Evolution of Vietnamese Diplomacy, 1986-2016 -- Part II. Bilateral Relationships -- 3. The Evolution of Strategic Trust in Vietnam-U.S. Relations -- 4. The 2014 Oil Rig Crisis and its Implications for Vietnam-China Relations -- 5. Vietnam-Japan Relations: Moving Beyond Economic Cooperation? -- 6. The Reinvigoration of India-Vietnam Partnership under Prime Minister Modi -- 7. Vietnam-Russia Relations: Glorious Past, Uncertain Future -- 8. Vietnam's Foreign Policy Towards its Smaller Neighbours -- 9. Vietnam's Decision to Join ASEAN: The South China Sea Disputes Connection -- Part III. Major Foreign Policy Issues -- 10. Vietnam's South China Sea Strategy since 2007 -- 11. Vietnam's International Economic Integration under Doi Moi -- 12. Norm Diffusion through Trade: The Case of the EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement -- Index.

Vietnam's season of openness appears to be at an end

Violence is the intentional use of physical strength or power, actually or under threat, against oneself, someone else, or against a group or community, which results or has a high probability of resulting in injury, death or psychological damage, bad development or deprivation(1).In Brazil and in the world, a lot is told about violence, which is present in various forms in everyday life, whether in the country or in urban area. Cities have grown without proper planning, people have migrated, generating unsatisfied social demands in the large centers, television has invaded home and modified people's thinking in great extension, families have loosen moral principles, governments do not set good examples.Therefore, violence has spread into all aspects of life, revealing itself in economics (exploitation of man by man, state coercion, material dependence, discrimination against women's work, child labour, unfair impositions etc.), in politics (control by one or various parties, authoritarianism, exclusion of citizens from decision-making, revolution, war and armed conflict etc.), in ideology (implementation of official criteria, prohibition of free thought, censorship, manipulation of public opinion, advertisements and issues of violent nature), in religion (submission to clerical interests, strict control of thought, prohibition of other beliefs and persecution of "heretics", etc.), within the family (exploitation of women and children etc.), in education (teachers and principals authoritarianism etc.), in the army (unquestioning obedience to commanders etc.), in the culture (excluding innovating trends, prohibiting publication of works, bureaucracies, etc.). (2)It is health's responsibility dealing with people affected by physical or psychological violence, in hospitals, ambulatory facilities or clinics. As researches in health are responsible for statistical data consolidation. In 2002, the World Health Organization (WHO) released its first report on violence and health, achieving a comprehensive review on the ...

AbstractThis article explores 'ancestor worship' from the viewpoint of villagers in the Red River Delta, as a meaningful practice reverberating across spiritual, social and moral realms. I describe two cases of what is locally termed 'remembering the moral debt to our grandparents'. The first case involves the personal interactions of an older unmarried woman with her deceased parents, while the second focuses on the re-incorporation of a prominent local lineage organisation. I then analyse how war, revolution and reform have shaped the way villagers 'remember the debt' at home and in lineage halls.

Thirty years ago, the Vietnamese government was forced to change its economic policy. The inefficiencies of the economic system led to deteriorating living conditions in the 1980s. During the 6th party congress in December 1986, the communist party decided to reform the economic system, called Doi Moi (renovation). The political elite opted for a gradual change of the economy, without changing the political system. The economic development induced by the reforms was remarkable. The living conditions of the Vietnamese have improved drastically as a consequence of high growth rates. Despite economic and social success since the introduction of reforms, Vietnam has reached now a distinctive moment. The country has to tackle five challenges in order to enhance the future welfare of its citizens. Firstly, macroeconomic stability and especially a functioning financial market is a precondition for future economic growth. Secondly, the successful catch-up model based on cheap labour as well as mineral and agricultural resources is reaching its limitations. Thirdly, a stronger spatial perspective has to be taken into account as the economic development is unevenly distributed and leaving the rural areas behind. Fourthly, environmental issues need to be considered more seriously, especially pollution from intensified agricultural production, mining, and industrialization. Fifthly, due to increasing income disparities, more attention has to be paid to social justice and participation.

A estrutura do mercado de trabalho está segmentada por categorias como a etnicidade e o gênero. Decorrente disso, as características como raça e gênero são categorias que servem para colocar os migrantes numa posição marginal e dentro de um segmento hierárquico que existe no mercado de trabalho, assim como empurram as mulheres para o mercado de trabalho informal. Através deste estudo, abordei a questão de como as políticas migratórias japonesas estariam influenciando as condições de trabalho das migrantes, se haveria diferenças nas condições de trabalho entre as mulheres de diferentes nacionalidades. Na primeira parte deste trabalho analisamos como a distribuição dos vistos influencia na inserção dos migrantes no mercado de trabalho japonês. Na segunda parte é feito o estudo de caso com mulheres brasileiras nikkeis, que realizam o trabalho qualificado de tradutoras/orientadoras. Neste trabalho foram enfocadas as condições de trabalho, as perspectivas profissionais, e a relação entre a família e o trabalho. Conclui-se que apesar de especializado e rentável, faz parte de um mercado de trabalho instável, muito aquém de uma perspectiva profissional, devido à sua baixa valorização pelo governo japonês. Occupational deskilling: Japanese-Brazilian migrant women in Japan Abstract: The structure of labor participation is segmented by ethnicity and gender lines. As a result ascribed characteristics such as race and gender put migrant groups into marginal position and into different hierarchical segments of the labor market. Consequently those mechanisms push migrant women into casual and informal jobs. In this paper, issues related to Japanese migration policy and its influence on migrant women's work conditions is analyzed. The work conditions between Brazilian migrant women and women from Asian countries are also analyzed. At the first part of the paper, we analyze how migratory policies influence on migrant's insertion into labor market and in the second part, case studies about Brazilian migrant women, who were engaged in skilled jobs (translator/advisor), are described. The issues focused were work conditions, job perspective, and relations between family and work. Although this work is skilful and profitable, it takes part of an unstable work market, too for form a professional perspective due to its low valuation by the Japanese government. DOI:10.7154/RDG.2006.0018.0002

AbstractA growing body of literature has recently emerged establishing that political socialization influences foreign policy preferences of the public. But the empirical domain of this literature has been confined largely to American foreign policy and whether and how this empirical regularity holds in a non-democratic, non-western setting is unknown. Filling this lacuna, this research note studies the Vietnamese public attitudes toward Chinese economic expansion. I argue that Vietnamese citizens who grew up amid Doi Moi (renovation) had a political socialization experience very different from that of the birth cohorts who immediately preceded them. I demonstrate that the traditional 'socialist brotherhood' rhetoric that used to moderate otherwise hostile public opinions about China became insignificant through the course of the reform. This abrupt change led to markedly divergent views between the pre- and post-Doi Moi birth groups on China. Using the data from the latest Pew Global Attitude Survey, I demonstrate that Doi Moi increased the Vietnamese public's negative perception of Chinese economic expansion.