Suchergebnisse

Social dominance orientation (Sidanius et al, 1992) has been proposed as one antecedent of social attitudes. This study examines the relationships of this variable to prejudice, both blatant & subtle (Pettigrew & Meertens, 1995), & also to attitudes toward affirmative action. Two hundred people participated in the study. The data showed that social dominance orientation is a good predictor of blatant prejudice but not of subtle prejudice. These results are explained in relation to a multidimensional conception of the social dominance scale, in opposition to the unidimensionality defended by its author. 4 Tables, 21 References. Adapted from the source document.

Weak women's involvement in politics is accounted for by male domination which taints a host of psychosocial processes and hinders women's leadership in male contexts. In addition, it is argued that male typification of leadership brings about negative consequences for women, and that female qualities in positions of responsibility, though currently missing, are necessary. It is emphasized, at the same time, that for women to become efficient leaders an adequate balance of male and female qualities must be achieved. Finally, two recent contributions to the study of leadership, postheroic leadership and glass cliff, are analyzed in the context of women's leadership. Adapted from the source document.

Violence is an old fact in the history of mankind as well as politics, in the sense that politics is the use of coercive practices. Political violence, as the most flagrant expression of power, appears when the domination of one will on another takes place in the framework of authoritarian behaviors. 18 References. Adapted from the source document.

Authors who have studied the political authority wielded by a single party in different countries with non-totalitarian regimes have identified a 'cycle of domination' (Pempel, ed., 1990). Along the same lines, this analysis concentrates on the political institutions, resources and social divisions to identify the origins, challenges and continuance (or extinction) of the dominance of a single party in Mexico, India and Japan. Despite the significant differences between these nations, the origins of their cycles of one-party dominance share a linkage of party elites, State bureaucrats and private capital that guaranteed positions and resources in the form of patronage and cronyism. In addition to material resources, the use of ideology (for example, the dominant party portrayed itself as the embodiment of the nation's central aspirations and values) was also crucial in creating and subsequently maintaining the dominance of a single party in these countries. In all three cases, dominance also faced similar challenges in the form of a significant split in the party in power or in the emergence of an opposition capable of obtaining sufficient credibility regarding its capacity to govern. Finally, the framework of institutions, resources and social divisions also throws light on the extinction of the dominance of a single party in India and Mexico, as well as on its continuance in Japan. Adapted from the source document.