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Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Dedication Page -- Abbreviations -- Preface -- Preface to the second edition -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theoretical considerations -- 3 The rise of medicine: the pre-scientific era -- 4 Technical and political process in the rise of scientific medicine -- 5 The subordination of midwifery -- 6 The limitation of optometry -- 7 The exclusion of chiropractic -- 8 Conclusion -- Postscript: the politics of medical dominance -- Methodological appendix -- Bibliography -- Index.

Based on the observation of an unabated trend towards higher social spending ratios in advanced countries, the study analyzes the risk of "social dominance", where social expenditures dominate fiscal policy, and undermine growth and fiscal sustainability. We scrutinize this risk by analyzing drivers of social expenditures and their interaction with other fiscal variables. Results show, that social expenditure expansion is largely ageing driven, it crowds out other primary expenditures and there is evidence of unsustainability. These findings and the accelerating trend of population ageing and particularly high political costs to reforming social expenditure suggest significant and rising risks of "social dominance".

Based on the observation of an unabated trend towards higher social spending ratios in advanced countries, the study analyzes the risk of "social dominance", where social expenditures dominate fiscal policy, and undermine growth and fiscal sustainability. We scrutinize this risk by analyzing drivers of social expenditures and their interaction with other fiscal variables. Results show, that social expenditure expansion is largely ageing driven, it crowds out other primary expenditures and there is evidence of unsustainability. These findings and the accelerating trend of population ageing and particularly high political costs to reforming social expenditure suggest significant and rising risks of "social dominance". ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

We present an analogy between joint cumulative probability distributions and a class of multiattribute utility functions, which we call attribute dominance utility functions. Attribute dominance utility functions permit assessing multiattribute utility functions using common techniques of joint probability assessment such as marginal-conditional assessments and the method of copulas. By itself, this class of utility functions appears in many cases of decision analysis practice. Furthermore, we show that many functional forms of multiattribute utility function can be decomposed into attribute dominance utility functions that are easier to elicit. We introduce the notion of utility inference analogous to Bayes' rule for probability inference and provide a graphic representation of attribute dominance utility functions, which we call utility diagrams.

In an explicit and simultaneous test of alternative sociobiological and sociocultural explanations for the emergence of differential sexual dominance in initially unstructured small groups, the sociobiological explanation is falsified. This paper thus suggests a strategy for rationally evaluating these emotionally charged issues, and discusses problems future studies should confront directly, [sex roles, sociology, methodology, biology and culture]

La thèse marxiste de la détermination de l'économique est examinée sous deux angles: en tant qu'énonce d'une position philosophique de type matérialiste dans le domaine socio‐culturel, et en tant qu'idée directrice théorique et méthodologique. Sous cet angle particulier, le texte se propose d'élucider la question de la forme de cette détermination d'abord, de sa définition ensuite. Le texte explore la signification et la portée d'une définition de la détermination de l'économique comme détermination de la forme dominante dans le processus d'appropriation du surproduit social. Une typologie de sociétés en découle qui traverse aussi le cadre conceptuel d'une bonne partie de la discipline sociologique. Le texte examine le fonctionnement d'une de ces typologies afin de repérer le point nodal où la théorie marxiste se sépare radicalement de ces constructions sociologiques.In this paper we argue that the Marxist economic determination thesis is both a materialist philosophical statement of the socio‐cultural field and a theoretical‐methodological guiding principle. In developing this interpretation we examine the form and significance of the economic determination as determination of the dominant form in the process of appropriation of the social product. From this we derive a typology of societies that cuts across the conceptual framework of a large part of the sociological discipline. We then examine the functioning of one of these typologies in order to locate the radical point of departure of Marxist theory from such sociological constructions.