Suchergebnisse

This article describes the situation and potential of SMEs in East Java Indonesia. Small and medium enterprises are essential to support the economic progress of a country. By using descriptive analysis and multiple regression then generated mapping. Mapping the characteristics and competitiveness of SMEs is done as a basis for gap analysis. If the current condition of Indonesian SMEs is known, benchmarking can be done by comparing ideal conditions or targets to be achieved in the face of global competition. The mapping generated from this research is expected to provide an overall picture of SMEs in disrict of Jember, Bondosowo, Situbondo and Banyuwangi, East Java Province, Indonesia, so that it can assist government and business actors in determining business strategies and policies. This study found the variables that significantly affect the competitive position are innovation ability, quality focus, customer loyalty, response to change, price advantage and marketing power. While the insignificant membership of the cooperative, it does not have a significant role for the creation of a strong competitive position. This is supported by the fact that most of the SMEs in eastern Java are not members of the cooperative. Similarly, business status with legal status and not and the use of intermediary traders is not a thing that affects the strength of competitive position.

Design/methodology/approach: In the present digital era, technology infrastructure plays an important role in the development of digital literacy in various sectors that can provide various important information on a large scale. Purpose: The use of information and communication technology (ICT) in Indonesia in the last five years has shown a massive development of ICT indicators. The population using the internet also experienced an increase during the period 2016–2020, as indicated by the increasing percentage of the population accessing the internet in 2016 from around 25.37 percent to 53.73 percent in 2020. This study led to a review of the level of ICT vulnerability in eastern Indonesia through a machine learning-based cluster analysis approach. Implications: Data were collected in this study from Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) through SUSENAS to obtain an overview of the socioeconomic level and SAKERNAS to capture the employment side. This study uses 15 variables based on aspects of business vulnerability covering 174 districts/cities. Practical implications: Cluster analysis using Fuzzy C Means (FCM) was used to obtain a profile of ICT level vulnerability in eastern Indonesia by selecting the best model. The best model is obtained by selecting the validation value such as Silhouette Index, Partition Entropy, Partition Coefficient, and Modified Partition Coefficient. Social implication: For some areas with a very high level of vulnerability, special attention is needed for the central or local government to support the improvement of information technology through careful planning. Socio-economic and occupational aspects have been reflected in this very vulnerable cluster, and the impact of the increase in ICT will provide a positive value for community development. Originality/value: From the modelling results, the best cluster model is two clusters, which are categorized as high vulnerability and low vulnerability. For each cluster member who has a similarity or proximity to each other, there will be one cluster member.

Human Development Index (HDI) is one of the data and information used by the local government to measure the achievement of human development with the basic components of quality of life that is life expectancy that represents health dimension, expected years of schooling (EYS) and mean years of schooling (MYS) represents the educational dimension, and purchasing power parity that represents decent living dimension. HDI especially in eastern Indonesia in the last three years has continued to increase but the figure is always below from the national figure even left behind if compared with West Indonesia. One dimension that is still low achievement is the educational dimension. EYS is one of the indicators on the educational dimension that is still a low achievement. Therefore, this research would like to know the influence of percentage of poor people, Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) per capita, net enrollment rate (NER) of junior high school, and a ratio of educational facilities to EYS in eastern Indonesia. Using Weighted Least Squares (WLS) method concluded that the four predictor variables used were able to influence EYS in Eastern Indonesia.

In East Java Province, the government still provides subsidy to soybean production in the form of soft credit to production inputs. Since the government budget and subsidy have been limited, efficiency in production, marketing and trade become crucial issues. The conducted research will try to achieve some research objectives as follows: Analyzing soybean farmer income in the Blitar District at the different cropping system; Obtaining analysis on comparative advantage and competitive-ness of soybean by different cropping system; analyzing influences of social price changes to farmers income due to public investment; and analyzing government policy impact on farmers income due to market/actual price development. The research uses Policy Analysis Matrix to obtain competitiveness rate, efficiency and impact of government policy on soybean production under multi-cropping system and different ecological zones in the Blitar district.

The tourism sector in Indonesia is one of the potential sector for driving the domestic economy. One of the strengths of Indonesian tourism lies in its natural beauty. East Lombok is one of the tourism destination that has such natural beauty. Issue related to sustainable tourism development is one of the main issue in tourism development. In order to realize the principles of sustainable tourism, a partnership strategy is needed. This study aims to provide analysis, evaluation and input to policy makers in matters related to the partnership between the government and the stakeholders in realizing sustainable tourism in East Lombok. This research uses qualitative method. Primary data was obtained through in-depth interview techniques with resource persons from the Ministry of Tourism, East Lombok Regency Tourism Office, East Lombok District Government and several practitioners related to research topics. The results of this study indicate that even though there are several challenges, but the partnership carried out by the Local Government of East Lombok Regency with stakeholders in developing the tourism sector in East Lombok has been carried out. Institutional partnership with the Regional Tourism Promotion Agency (BPPD), joint partnerships with associations in East Lombok Regency and Partnership between the East Lombik regional government and tourism awareness groups. Through this partnership, public ideas emerged about how to maintain tourism with the concept of sustainable tourism.

The Indonesian social system began to disintegrate in 1997. In the aftermath of social collapse, many forms of state crime, organized crime, terrorism, ethnic violence, religious violence, assassinations and other political violence escalated. An anomie theory interpretation is offered of this rise and the subsequent fall of a complex of serious crime problems. Security sector reintegration, reintegration of perpetrators and reconciliation (without truth) played important parts in enabling the rebuilding of institutions of security.

This article will explain Australia's attitudes and views on the East Timor issue which caused conflict with Indonesia. But on the other hand, Australia cannot ignore Indonesia's interests in East Timor. In 1978, Australia recognized East Timor "de facto" as part of Indonesia. Then, the question arises why Australia supports the integration of East Timor with Indonesia. What are the underlying interests. The Timor Gap Treaty was ratified on 11 December 1989, strengthening Indonesia's position with Australia. Indonesia is considered more accommodating when compared to Portugal in the matter of maritime boundaries in the Timor Sea region. Indonesia is the most important neighbor country for Australia. In terms of Australian defense, the Indonesian archipelago is a stronghold in northern Australia. This is based on Australia's interest in regional security free from the intervention of other hostile countries. Therefore, the importance of efforts to create government stability in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to determine the dynamics of Australian foreign policy as seen from the Australian security and defense framework in looking at the East Timor issue. In addition, this research will discuss the Opposition to the Balibo Declaration and the Indonesian military intervention in East Timor which invites Australia's ambiguous attitude in addressing the integration of East Timor with Indonesia. Even though it was always at odds with Indonesia, Australia continued to prioritize its national interests in dealing with Indonesia.

Indonesia is a large country with many classical problems. One of the problems still faced by Indonesia is the disparity between Western Indonesia and Eastern Indonesia. Western Indonesia is synonymous with developed and prosperous regions, while East Indonesia is identical to the developing region, the area that left behind. The Indonesian government is implementing various programs to reduce disparities between the two regions. This study aims to map the most striking aspects of the disparity between Western and Eastern Indonesia using discriminant analysis. The variables used are poverty, gini ratio, unemployment, HDI, GEI, GDI, economic growth, sanitation access, and IDI. The results showed that the most distinguishing aspects of the two regions were poverty, unemployment, GDI, and access to sanitation. Thus, it is expected that the policies implemented by the government can prioritize these issues to accelerate equity throughout Indonesia.

Maternaland Child Health (MCH) program has been an important national policy measure to prevent child death and to promote child health. In consideration of government restricted budget, the size of and spreadity of Indonesian population, government has provided at least one health center for every subdistrict and has promoted community participation through community based health post to reach the out reach population. This study seeks to explore community's utilization of this program and assesses whether the program has reached the priotity target groups such as the children with uneducated mothers and lower economic status. The 1991 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey data is used and sampel of 860 children of 12-23 month old from eastern Indonesiaisthe focus of analysis. Logistic regression is used as multivariate analysis. The resultshows that the MCH program seems to have solved accessibility problem of economic constraint, however, contrary to the high priority groups being targeted, lower educated mothers use less services than those of more educated. This may be associated with lack of appropriate local conceptual framework in understanding preventive health behaviour among uneducated mothers and less progressive efforts in enforcing the need for social participation from the uneducated mothers.

Agriculture in Indonesia, one of which is food crop agriculture, food crops are dominated by rice and corn products. Indonesia, which was previously known as the most significant food-producing country in the world, is currently experiencing a shift, where Indonesia's rice production has decreased compared to China. The condition of Indonesia's rice and corn production in the world will have an impact on the status of rice and corn in Indonesia, especially in East Java, East Java is a region that has the potential to produce rice and corn compared to the other area in Indonesia, on the other hand, because of Indonesia's demand for rice and corn large enough.The occurrence of COVID 19 has an impact on all aspects of the world and all sectors, one of which is food crops, how the effects of COVID 19 on food crop agriculture in East Java, the results of the study are the behavior of farmers in East Java relatively no difference before the occurrence of COVID 19 and after COVID 19, farmers still work as usual. Rice supply at the level of the farmer community is still sufficient because farmers have harvested a month in March 2020. In Bangkalan Madura the village government has the policy to carry out the harvest by renting harvest tools to anticipate COVID 19, while in Gresik and Lamongan areas farmers continue to do the harvest without assistance harvester. The role of advisory counselors is needed by farmers, this is because extension agents can become counselors of the COVID 19 problem in the community during a pandemic like this, and this is in line with research (Adawiyah, Sumardjo, and Mulyani 2018) that farmers' facilitators influence the adoption of new technologies. With the COVID 19 outbreak, the brothers of the farmers returned home because of the culture of going back or also because the factories, shops, restaurants where they work have been close, this is a burden for farmers.

Maritime economic growth and increasing tourism economy Marine Highway program are supported. BPS data (2016) states the number of foreign tourists visiting Indonesia during January-April 2016 reached 3.52 million visits, up 7.51 percent compared with the number of foreign tourists in the same period in 2015, which totaled 3.27 million visits. Additionally related maritime economy, the data agency said the number of goods transported in domestic shipping April 2016 reached 20.8 million tons, up 1.98 percent compared to the previous month and rose 16.50 percent over the same month in 2015. Growth in Indonesia east must be used optimally by the Government to develop a model of economic integration Maritime and Tourism. This study aims at modeling, mapping and economic feasibility of the Maritime Economic Integration and Tourism in the area in order to improve the economy of Eastern Indonesia, with the manufacture of a Geographic Information System that supports the economic development. The study was conducted in the years 2017-2018, Year The first is modeling, mapping and analysis of the feasibility of Economic Integration Model Maritime and tourism in the area in order to improve the economy of eastern Indonesia. result in Research published in the Seminar / International Proceedings, International Journal Scopus indexed and submitted to the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights to obtain IPR Copyright on the application of Geographic Information Systems Integration development of Maritime Economy and Tourism in Eastern Indonesia

The level of urbanization that occurred in Indonesia at this time is remarkable that causes the growth of cities very rapidly. The growth of cities is mainly due to various reasons such as the capitalization process, regional enlargement/reclassification, as well as migration from rural to urban. The growth of cities leads a lot of problems like environmental degradation, traffic congestion, poverty, crime and other social conflicts. Such a rapid rate of urbanization is a reflection of the inequity between rural and urban development. Lack of employment opportunities in the village causes the population to go into town to find work. The imbalance of development that occurs is a result of implementing a liberal economic system that only emphasizes growth, while on the other side of the agricultural sector is not paid any appropriate attention. The farmers are at a very weak and do not have a good bargaining position, with the exchange rate is very lame. Even regarding with the foodstuffs such as rice, wheat, sugar, salt, etc., Indonesia has to import from abroad. The imbalances of development do not only occur between rural and urban, but also between Java and the outside of Java, and between western and eastern Indonesia regions. This imbalance should be found a solution, with good management and equitable development, including the political will to reform the economic system in favor of the Indonesian people.

Indonesia-Russia relations started at the end of World War II. Early relations were poor but became close during the Sukarno period. The post-Soviet era ushered a new height of Russia's political, diplomatic, and economic presence in Southeast Asia. After the dissolution of the United Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR), Russia has focused on a grand re-engineering project, an important component of institutional stability. Part of the re-structuring included ambitious actions to re-brand a powerful image of her position in Southeast Asia, and in Asia and the Pacific, in general. Scholars have argued that there is a lack of knowledge in terms of Russia's relations with countries of Southeast Asia (ASEAN). This can be explained by Russia's unfamiliarity over the region's diversity and by her insecurity with the dominance of the United States and China, among others. Nevertheless, the Putin Government has shifted its lens towards the Southeast Asian region by establishing stronger ties in areas of security and defense, energy development, and trade and people-to-people exchanges. This paper employs an 'ethic' perspective analysis of the actions taken by Russia in these areas and suggests possible future actions to enhance collaboration and cooperation with Southeast Asian countries such as Indonesia.BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Hubungan Indonesia-Rusia telah dimulai sejak berakhirnya Perang Dunia ke II. Kerja sama yang terjadi antara kedua negara terjalin cukup erat di era Presiden Sukarno. Pasca runtuhnya Uni Soviet terjadi perubahan dinamika dalam hubungan politik, diplomatik dan ekonomi Rusia di Asia Tenggara. Saat ini Rusia fokus dalam menata ulang grand strategy penguatan kestabilan institusi baik dalam maupun luar negeri. Dalam hal penataan ulang kebijakan strategi luar negeri, Rusia berupaya untuk menciptakan image baru di Asia Tenggara dan Pasifik. Secara umum, para ahli berargumen bahwa masih minimnya wawasan dalam konteks hubungan Rusia dan Asosiasi Negara di Asia Tenggara (ASEAN). Hal ini dijelaskan dengan minimnya peran Rusia dalam hal kerja sama dan insekuritas akibat dominasi Amerika Serikat dan Republik Rakyat Tiongkok yang sudah mengakar kuat di kawasan. Namun demikian, administrasi Putin mencoba meningkatkan perhatiannya ke ASEAN dengan meningkatkan ikatan kerja sama dalam sektor pertahanan dan keamanan, energi, perdagangan dan people to people contact. Tulisan ini mengulas pendekatan 'etis[' berupa pola kebijakan kerja sama yang diimplementasikan oleh Moskow serta rekomendasi diversifikasi kerja sama Rusia dengan negara di Asia Tenggara seperti Indonesia.

Study on political elites in sub-national politics in post-1998 Indonesia did not pay much attention to identify the shifting or continuation of structural change in the post-New Order authoritarianism. From a case study in East Java, this article shows the change and continuation of political elite structure. Democratization does not necessarily produce significant changes that shift the position and privilege of the old political elites. Their organizational power might have declined, but their control over patron-client relationship remains strong. This is also finds that the political changes were, institutionally, not strong enough to cause the significant damage to the patron-client relationship developed during the New Order era. The democratization pressure has only caused the partial diversification of elites' political affiliation while the inter-intra elite power relations model has not changed much. This explanation provides a new contribution to the understandings on the dynamics and changes in the structure of political elites in sub-national politics in the era of democratization in Indonesia.

Komunitas Islam lokal di Indonesia menjadi kajian penting dari dua buku yang akan dibahas dalam resensi ini. Utamanya, resensi ini akan menguraikan bentuk-bentuk otoritas agama yang keberadaannya tidak dapat dipisahkan dari komunitas muslim tersebut. Buku pertama berjudul "What is Religious Authority? Cultivating Islamic Community in Indonesia" ditulis oleh Ismail Fajrie Alatas. Buku kedua diedit oleh Kathryn M. Robinson, dengan judul "Mosques and Imams; Everyday Islam in Eastern Indonesia." Kedua buku ini sama-sama menyoroti otoritas agama yang muncul di masyarakat rural dan keduanya berbasis dinamika Islam dan budaya lokal. Dalam hal ini, kepemimpinan Islam di tingkat lokal masih menjadi faktor krusial untuk memahami bagaimana kehidupan beragama. Tidak hanya itu, ditemukan juga di buku ini bahwa otoritas agama diakui keberadaannya ketika mereka mampu menjadi bagian dari solusi persoalan sosial-budaya bahkan politik ummat. Kedua buku ini sekaligus menjadi refleksi penting bagi negara untuk memahami kehidupan beragama dalam hal bagaimana negara tidak hanya selalu merujuk pada pemimpin-pemimpin agama di tingkat pusat namun, tak kalah penting melibatkan otoritas agama di tingkat masyarakat grass root.