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Explores the challenge that human smuggling poses to individual nations & international efforts to combat it. The issue of state control is discussed in relation to economic globalization & politics that link migration & crime in policy formation. Processes of economic globalization that have paved the way for increased international migration & transnational crime are examined, along with state & multilateral responses to human smuggling, including greater border controls, antismuggling/-trafficking laws, & campaigns to increase enforcement of such laws. A description of difficulties faced by policymakers notes the problems involved in targeting migrant traffickers, as well as the unintended consequences of stricter border controls, including the greater willingness of migrants to pay higher prices for smuggling services. Even though antismuggling initiatives have failed to control the recent expansion in human smuggling, international cooperation in law enforcement & immigration policies may be resisted by states fearing infringement on their sovereignty. Likewise, major restrictions on employer access to cheap illegal migrant labor is likely to provoke resistance by powerful interest groups. 64 References. J. Lindroth

Explores the challenge that human smuggling poses to individual nations & international efforts to combat it. The issue of state control is discussed in relation to economic globalization & politics that link migration & crime in policy formation. Processes of economic globalization that have paved the way for increased international migration & transnational crime are examined, along with state & multilateral responses to human smuggling, including greater border controls, antismuggling/-trafficking laws, & campaigns to increase enforcement of such laws. A description of difficulties faced by policymakers notes the problems involved in targeting migrant traffickers, as well as the unintended consequences of stricter border controls, including the greater willingness of migrants to pay higher prices for smuggling services. Even though antismuggling initiatives have failed to control the recent expansion in human smuggling, international cooperation in law enforcement & immigration policies may be resisted by states fearing infringement on their sovereignty. Likewise, major restrictions on employer access to cheap illegal migrant labor is likely to provoke resistance by powerful interest groups. 64 References. J. Lindroth

This paper asks whether international economic integration negatively affects electoral turnout. The theoretical model builds on the premise that economic integration constrains the ability of national governments to shape outcomes. Citizens are conscious of such constraints and take them into account when considering the costs and benefits of casting a vote in national elections. The result is a lower inclination to vote under conditions of high economic integration. Consequently, aggregate turnout is lower the more internationally integrated a national economy is. Analysis of aggregate data for parliamentary elections in 23 OECD democracies over the period 1965-2006 robustly supports this hypothesis. The empirical estimates suggest economic globalization as a central cause of the general decline in turnout within established democracies. [Copyright Elsevier Ltd.]

Argues that the elective affinity generally assumed to exist between economic globalization & the rule of law is fallacious, as is the belief that the law demands that state action is based on clearly defined, public, legal norms that assure all cases will be treated equally. An examination of four areas of legal decision making identified with economic globalization (international business arbitration, business taxation, financial/banking regulations, & the General Agreement on Tariffs & Trade [GATT]) reveals an absence of the characteristics associated with the traditional ideal of the rule of law in favor of ad hoc, discretionary, closed, & nontransparent legal forms. It is contended that a result of stiff competition for economic investment between nation-states is the increasing reliance of transnational business on "situation jurisprudence" that allows corporations to evade official legal systems. The effect of the compression of space & time on the supposed legal predictability of capitalism, both globally & in nation-states, is discussed, & suggestions are made for how to strengthen standards & enforcement measures. J. Lindroth

Economic globalization is indeed one of the three primary characteristics of internationalization discussed in scientific research the other pair are sociopolitical globalization, as well as the overall concept "globalization." International trade allows for multiple flow of products, cash, commodities, innovation, and data across worldwide borders. It is the rising political interaction and interconnectedness of regional, local, and municipal markets around the world as cross-border flow of goods, commodities, information, and investment intensifies. Employment, banking, trade, science, institutional systems, organizations, enterprises, and individuals are all part of economic internationalization.

This paper asks whether international economic integration negatively affects electoral turnout. The theoretical model builds on the premise that economic integration constrains the ability of national governments to shape outcomes. Citizens are conscious of such constraints and take them into account when considering the costs and benefits of casting a vote in national elections. The result is a lower inclination to vote under conditions of high economic integration. Consequently, aggregate turnout is lower the more internationally integrated a national economy is. Analysis of aggregate data for parliamentary elections in 23 OECD democracies over the period 1965-2006 robustly supports this hypothesis. The empirical estimates suggest economic globalization as a central cause of the general decline in turnout within established democracies. [Copyright Elsevier Ltd.]

Moeller's book The Veil of Circumstance, published in 2016, discussed the impact of technology, dehumanization and values on politics and economics. In this book, he takes the analysis one step further. The cocktail of capitalism, globalization and technology has turned toxic, causing disruptions and cracks in the global economy and societal structures. Economic globalization is being replaced by a mixture of globalization, regionalization and economic nationalism. Neither the United States nor China will in the mid-2030s possess the strength to be a global leader. Power will mainly rotate around a regional axis instead of globally. The existing political systems and institutions governing the global system see their primogeniture challenged. Social networks open the door to communication for literally everybody; while they link the world to a degree never seen before, they also divide people according to cultural norms and values. The large data companies possess enormous power that threatens both national governments and the global political and economic infrastructure.

Legal development has a more comprehensive and basic meaning compared to the promotion and renewal of law in the context of increasing the nation's competitiveness, legal politics in Indonesia directs legal development to encourage economic growth. The research objective is to determine economic growth, especially in the business world and in the industrial world which determines investment capacity, especially law enforcement and protection. The method used is normative juridical. The results of this study see Law as a social engineering tool that was born because the concept of law is taught to direct people to better understand change. Law as an instrument of development control includes development in the economic field. Enforcement of law and justice in particular in the economic development of activities and developing development in accordance with long-term government programs. The role of law in economic globalization in the 21st century is certainly expected aspects of globalization in legal and economic growth, the development of economic law also includes investment law, which of course must run in accordance with long-term development tools.

Today's economic globalization is not in itself a factor of peace. With its development, the economic war has taken other strategic forms imposed both by the most powerful countries and by the large multinational corporations, which ultimately account only for Washington or possibly for those of Chinese origin, in Beijing. It is a question of using the adapted weapons to obtain a right or the exercise of domination. Economic and military values become inseparable, which clearly expresses the close relationship between globalization and the balance of power in today's world.

Today's economic globalization is not in itself a factor of peace. With its development, the economic war has taken other strategic forms imposed both by the most powerful countries and by the large multinational corporations, which ultimately account only for Washington or possibly for those of Chinese origin, in Beijing. It is a question of using the adapted weapons to obtain a right or the exercise of domination. Economic and military values become inseparable, which clearly expresses the close relationship between globalization and the balance of power in today's world.