Suchergebnisse

Jinping is assumed to be China's strongest leader since Deng Xiaoping - even since Mao, some argue. It might therefore be expected that Xi Jinping, at the top of a one-party state, has the power and ability to reform China. This article analyses how structural constraints limit Xi Jinping's power and freedom of action using his ability to implement a new course for the country's economic policy as case. To avoid being caught in the middle-income trap, China must adjust its investment and export-driven model to a more innovation, consumer and welfare-based development model. We use the school of historical institutionalism as framework, and examine how (i) path dependency, (ii) informal structures, norms and values, (iii) institutional autonomy, and (iv) institutional capacity in different ways limit and constrain the power and ability of Xi Jinping to implement a successful restructuring of the country's economic model. Adapted from the source document.

A theoretical discussion on the relationship between globalization and international norms and whether the economy could be reformed into a just and stable system. According to the neoliberal and structuralist rational choice theory, states try to maximize their own benefit, which in turn determines international norms. The constructivist model flags for a socially conditional rationality where these norms are based on ideas, values and cultures alone. A possible path to international institutional reform could be the United Nations whose economist and sociologists disused the market crisis as a system crisis. However, a real reform cannot take place before more powerful multinational institutions have been developed. L. Pitkaniemi

The article explores the development in Brazil after Luis Inazio da Silva, Lula, gained power a year ago. This vast & resourceful country, with its 182 million inhabitants, has experienced an immense growth over the last century. The welfare gap is however equally large. The richest percent of the population has an income equal to that of the poorest half. Brazil now puts her faith in President Lula, who vows to redistribute the country's wealth through a national compromise & a new corporate community contract: He wants support from all sectors & classes. Lula's "new rhythm" the bossa nova -- represents a Latin American third way, reflecting considerable knowledge of the post-war "Nordic model.". 19 References. Adapted from the source document.