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Immense growth of science and technology policy studies in China during the last years. Definite trend towards more realistic policy approaches to science and technology in the country despite the appearance of frequent policy changes in the five years since Mao's death. Some key problems in China's technological economies. The influence of technological economists on the Chinese leadership. (DÜI-Sen)

It is believed that transitional economies represent a very unique research context. There are abundant opportunities for entrepreneurship studies facing the transitional economies. This issue tries to make explorations in such aspect. The six manuscripts in this issue cover three topics: relationship within the context of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship in history, and entrepreneurship in specific industries. With deep quality and quantity study, they show some interesting conclusions about strategy, organizational behavior, management in entrepreneurship study. Generally, this special iss

Front Cover -- Advance Praise for Renewing Indigenous Economies -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Epigraph -- Contents -- Foreword by Stacy Leeds -- Acknowledgments -- Prologue -- 1. Traditions of Wealth Creation -- Precontact Standards of Living -- Traditional Indigenous Economies -- Institutions Matter -- Ownership: A Requirement for Wealth -- Specialization and Trade -- Trade Infrastructure -- Traditional Capital Markets -- Jurisdiction and Governance -- Fiscal Authority and Money -- Conclusion -- 2. Tribal Economies under Colonialism -- Colonizing Indian Country -- The Marshall Trilogy -- Federal Indian Law -- The Virtuous Circle of Investment -- Institutional Elements of Healthy Investment Climates -- 3. Property Rights and Governance -- Property Rights-Nothing New under the Sun -- People Make Property Valuable -- The Components of Property Rights -- Property Rights and Law in Indian Country -- Shrinking Indian Country through Allotment and Termination -- Property Rights and Investment Climates -- Addressing Property-Rights Issues -- Conclusion -- 4. Creating a Positive Investment Climate -- Investor Assessment of the Business Climate -- Governments Shape Investment Climates -- Constitutional and Judicial Definition of Tribes' Legal Status -- Tribal Sovereignty over Reservation Lands -- Trusteeship and Economic Development -- Gaps in the Legal Framework on Tribal Land -- Components of Investment-Supporting Legal Frameworks -- Sovereign Immunity Affects Economic Development -- Jurisdictional Issues Affecting Economic Development -- Jurisdictional Conflict Case Study: Gaming -- Economic Leakage -- Credit Deserts on Reservations -- Commercial Codes and Secured Transactions -- Building an Investment-Friendly Economy -- 5. From a Grants Economy to a Revenue Economy -- Tribal Fiscal Relationship to Federal and State Governments.

This study addresses the experience of, and responses to poverty in a range of transition economies including Russia, Ukraine, Hungary, Slovenia, Uzbekistan, Romania, Albania and Macedonia. It covers topics such as the definition of poverty lines and the measurement of poverty; the role of income-in-kind in supporting families; homelessness and destitution; housing; the design, targeting and administration of welfare; and personal responses to economic transition

This paper presents a dynamic model, inspired by evolutionary game theory, of how standards and norms emerge in decentralized economies. It shows that standardization outcomes depend on adopters' attitudes to problems caused by incompatibility. If individuals display aversion to incompatibility, standardization never fails to happen eventually, but societies sometimes end up picking inferior standards. In this case, official action can be useful to quickly achieve sensible standardization. On the other hand, when individuals display tolerance or neutrality to incompatibility, there is neither path-dependency nor a lock-in problem, and regulation seems a poor alternative to laissez-faire. (JEL C73, D62, L1)

One of the main problems in current economic theory is to write contracts which are Pareto optimal, incentive compatible, and also implementable as a perfect Bayesian equilibrium of a dynamic, noncooperative game. The question arises whether it is possible to provide Walrasian type or cooperative equilibrium concepts which have these properties. This volume contains original contributions on noncooperative and cooperative equilibrium notions in economies with differential information and provides answers to the above questions. Moreover, issues of stability, learning and continuity of alternative equilibria are also examined.

Thoroughly updated and expanded with a new chapter on blockchain and increased coverage of cryptocurrency, as well as new data, this established advanced undergraduate textbook approaches the subject via first principles. It builds on a simple, clear monetary model and applies this framework consistently to a variety of monetary questions. Starting with trade being mutually beneficial, the authors demonstrate that money makes people better off, and that government money competes against other means of payments, including other types of government payments. After developing each of these topics, the book tackles the issue of money competing against other stores of value, examining issues associated with trade, finance, and modern banking. From simple economies to modern economies, the authors address the role banks play in making more trade possible, concluding with the information problems plaguing modern banking.

This article develops the concept 'economies of affect' to argue for increased anthropological attention to the roles of affect in facilitating economic transformations. The article draws on evidence from two ethnographic field projects, one in Mexico and the other in Indonesia, to show how affect was mobilized to create subjects commensurable with neoliberal norms. We show how embracing and crying and discourses about love and grief were conjoined to transformations that entailed the cessation of state guarantees and the introduction of market norms. In posing affect and its articulation with questions of economic change as an object of anthropological inquiry, the article argues for the utility of a notion of affect in contrast to other approaches that have stressed emotion. We argue that affect is useful because it is inherently reflexive and intersubjective. Affect refers to relations practised between individuals, in contrast to emotion, which still bears the spectre of a psychological individualism.RésuméCet article développe le concept des «économies de l'affect» pour attirer l'attention des anthropologues sur le rôle de l'affect dans la facilitation des transformations économiques. Il s'appuie sur les résultats de deux projets de terrain ethnographiques, l'un au Mexique et l'autre en Indonésie, pour montrer comment l'affect a été mobilisé pour créer des sujets pouvant être appréhendés selon les normes néolibérales. Les auteurs montrent comment l'étreinte, les pleurs et les discours sur l'amour et le chagrin ont été associés à des transformations impliquant la cessation de prestations de l'État et l'application des lois du marché. En faisant de l'affect et de son articulation avec le changement économique un objet d'étude anthropologique, l'article affirme l'utilité d'une notion d'affect se démarquant d'autres approches qui mettent l'accent sur l'émotion. Les auteurs affirment que l'affect est utile parce qu'il est, par nature, réflexif et intersubjectif. L'affect renvoie aux relations pratiquées entre les individus, à la différence de l'émotion, toujours marquée par le spectre d'un individualisme psychologique.

"Thoroughly updated and expanded with a new chapter on block chain and increased coverage of cryptocurrency, as well as new data, this established advanced undergraduate textbook approaches the subject via first principles. It builds on a simple, clear monetary model and applies this framework consistently to a variety of monetary questions. Starting with trade being mutually beneficial, the authors demonstrate that money makes people better off, and that government money competes against other means of payments, including other types of government payments. After developing each of these topics, the book tackles the issue of money competing against other stores of value, examining issues associated with trade, finance, and modern banking. From simple economies to modern economies, the authors address the role banks play in making more trade possible, concluding with the information problems plaguing modern banking"--