Suchergebnisse

Economy - Er moet een algemene beleidsnota komen die aangeeft welke ontwikkeling van de economische structuur van ons land de regering wenselijk acht. Meer dan één ministerie dient bij de formulering van het beleid te worden betrokken, naast Economische Zaken met name Volkshuisvesting en Ruimtelijke Ordening, Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Buitenlandse Zaken, Ontwikkelingssamenwerking, Onderwijs en Wetenschappen, Sociale Zaken, Cultuur, Recreatie en Maatschappelijk Werk. Overwogen kan worden om gebruik te maken van de bestaande Centrale Economische Commissie (CEC).

Economy - Het aantal (onvrijwillig) niet-actieven neemt toe en dat betekent onder meer dat er steeds hogere eisen worden gesteld aan het zogenaamde draagvlak. Verschillende denkbeelden die kunnen bijdragen tot het oplossen van het vraagstuk van gedwongen non-activiteit worden in het rapport uitgewerkt. Daarbij wordt gekeken naar de invloed van het financieringssysteem van de sociale verzekeringen op de werkgelegenheid, invloed van arbeidsomstandigheden, methoden om het arbeidsaanbod te verminderen en de mogelijkheid om arbeidsplaatsen te creëren in de quartaire sector.

Economy - Extrapolatie van bestaande trends in zestien sectoren in twee varianten op basis van verschillen in de veronderstelde economische groei. Hoofdpunten: de economische ontwikkeling leidt tot een toenemende aantasting van natuur en milieu. Het ruimtegebrek wordt steeds ernstiger. Het is onzeker of de werkloosheid kan worden teruggedrongen tot 150.000. Het energieverbruik zal toenemen. De bevolking zal ontgroenen en vergrijzen. De functie van het gezin zal veranderen, mede door het toenemend aantal gehuwde vrouwen dat zal gaan werken. Behoefte aan sociale dienstverlening en hulpverlening neemt toe. Overheidsbemoeienis zal op bijna alle gebieden toenemen, maar het karakter daarvan zal verschuiven van regelgeving naar onderhandeling.

Public Administration; Economy - Analyse van tien denkbeelden over de ontwikkeling van het arbeidsbestel die in de maatschappelijke discussie aan de orde zijn. Arbeidstijdverkorting kan positieve effecten hebben op de werkgelegenheid onder voorwaarde dat de totale loonsom niet wordt verhoogd en de bedrijfstijd wordt gehandhaafd. Ook van de stimulering van deeltijdarbeid, van betaald educatief verlof, meer differentiatie in de loonvorming en verbetering van de kwaliteit van arbeid worden positieve effecten verwacht. Verschuivingen van onbetaalde naar betaalde arbeid zijn moeilijk te realiseren, en de invoering van een basisinkomen acht de raad op korte termijn onuitvoerbaar. Bepaalde vormen van consumptiebeïnvloeding zouden grote werkgelegenheidseffecten kunnen hebben.

Urban development; Economy - De serie 'Voorstudies en achtergronden' omvat werkstukken die in het kader van de werkzaamheden van de WRR tot stand zijn gekomen en naar zijn oordeel van zodanige kwaliteit en betekenis zijn, dat publicatie gewenst is. De verantwoordelijkheid voor de inhoud en de ingenomen standpunten berust bij de auteurs.

Economy; Energy; European Union - Er dient onder verantwoordelijkheid van het ministerie van Economische Zaken een stuurgroep te worden ingesteld met hoge ambtelijke functionarissen, met de taak binnen een bepaalde termijn een meerjaren-energieplan op te stellen. De stuurgroep zal moeten worden ondersteund door een bureau meerjaren-energieplan, bestaande uit deskundigen uit overheid, bedrijfsleven en wetenschappen. Verder moet een landelijke werkgroep wetenschappelijk energie-onderzoek worden ingesteld.

International Economics; Germany; Economy; Public Administration - Nederland is zeer gevoelig voor ontwikkelingen in de Bondsrepubliek en voor het aldaar gevoerde beleid op het terrein van economie, veiligheid, ecologie en ruimtelijke ordening. De beleidsruimte van de Nederlandse regering op die terreinen is betrekkelijk gering.

Veyor® is a trademark of Idea Works, Inc. It is a text analysis program that performs, either by itself or in combination with programs such as Qualrus® and Globalpoint®, not only word category counts, but also sentiment analysis. According to a newspaper article about a recent application to a campaign for the US Senate elections (Reed, 2010), the sentiment towards the candidates in blogs and newspapers as extracted by Globalpoint® predicted the outcome of the elections more accurately than a telephone survey. Candidates received positive or negative points based on what was being said about key issues in the race and were categorized under headings such as 'government,' 'economy,' 'personal' and subsets such as 'free market' and 'tax issues'.

In de Nederlandse economie neemt de landbouw een belangrijke plaats in. Uit economisch oogpunt is de landbouw, samen met de toeleverende en verwerkende bedrijven, een van de belangrijkste sectoren. Ook is in het verstedelijkte Nederland de landbouw de grootste grondgebruiker. Geen andere sector is zo nauw verbonden met milieu en natuur. Op de nationale en internationale beleidsagenda's prijkt de landbouw nog altijd prominent. Van boterberg naar biobased, de Nederlandse landbouw in perspectief geeft een actueel overzicht van ontwikkelingen in de Nederlandse landbouw en het beleid dat zich hier op richt. Verschillende experts belichten in vijftien hoofdstukken, o.a. de economische positie van de landbouw, internationale aspecten van beleid en agrarische markten, en de relatie tussen landbouw, milieu en natuur. Recente ontwikkelingen rond klassieke onderwerpen als pacht en melkquota worden besproken, maar ook is er aandacht voor meer recente thema's als biobased economy en agrarisch natuurbeheer. Van boterberg naar biobased biedt daarmee een gedegen en up-to-date overzicht van de Nederlandse landbouw voor diegenen die in professionele zin met deze sector te maken hebben

Business event as fieldwork site?
A major methodological problem in the ethnographic study of international business elites is to make visible the social relations they draw and depend on. Business elites constitute a highly mobile social category and they mediate a growing portion of everyday social interaction via online, digital means. They are elusive, therefore, and that compromises the possibility of making direct observations of their social practices, which erodes the scope to ethnographically study this important group in the world economy. The essay shows how fieldwork on business events, such as conferences, expositions, and trade fairs, can help to overcome this problem. Such events constitute focal points and moments of crystallization in globally operating social networks, making visible a part of the international business 'theatre' that normally lags hidden. By presenting excerpts from recent fieldwork carried out in Belgium, Greece and the Netherlands, I give an impression of observables in this theatre, aiming especially at fostering an awareness of social behavior 'backstage' with a view to formulating further questions. The essay concludes with a plea to include business events as 'field schools' in study programs looking at international business elites, such as business schools and/or business economics.

In the summer of 2013, the Vlaams Agentschap Onroerend Erfgoed (Flemish Immovable Heritage Agency) investigated a modest little school building in the vicinity of Ghent (Belgium). The old building proved to be a reconstruction of the model school in the Modern Village, a Belgian government pavilion of great social significance at the 1913 World's Fair in Ghent. The model school is the only surviving building from the Modern Village.Since this discovery, further investigations by the heritage agency have revealed the dearth of scholarly studies of either the Modern Village or the model school building. The great social importance of this Belgian rural model school is, however, becoming increasingly clear. This article is a critical assessment of that importance. A brief outline of the historical context in which the Modern Village and the model school came about is followed by a description of their social significance and the impact on Belgian and European society. The starting point is an analysis of the evaluation reports of the Modern Village published in book form by the then director general of the Ministry of Agriculture, Paul De Vuyst, and a member of parliament, Emile Tibbaut. The authenticity of the reconstruction of the model school is assessed based on recent construction history research. Finally, the question of the extent to which the model school design was adopted was explored during a field trip with the help of local cultural and archival agencies. The 1913 World's Fair in Ghent took place in a period of mass rural migration that resulted in poverty and social unrest in many parts of Europe. The Belgian government was keen to do something about this by building a new countryside with a better quality of life. To that end they exhibited the Modern Village – a practical and instructive embodiment of their policy – at the Ghent World's Fair. The ambition was to modernize the rural economy and beautify the villages. Via the introduction of compulsory education for children between the ages of six and fourteen, future generations would be taught the skills and techniques needed to modernize the economy and simultaneously achieve the edification of the rural population, central to which was a love of one's own region and traditions. The effects of the Modern Village on the modernization of agriculture and on the improvement of the quality of life were felt mainly after the First World War, not just in Belgium but in other countries, too, such as Hungary. The model school in the Modern Village was conceived as an affordable and easy-to-build school building that would facilitate the realization of this new rural culture. The construction survey has demonstrated the authenticity based on the specific roof shapes in stone dating from over a hundred years ago. Recent field research complements the latest investigations by the Flemish Government and strengthens the hypothesis that the model school was widely emulated and played an important role in the implementation of compulsory schooling in Belgium. Further research is necessary, not least to obtain clarity about the adoption of the new teaching methods presented in the model school and the significance of small primary school libraries for the general edification of the rural population.

Ten years ago, now, the Eurozone began to shake on its foundations. This article traces the genesis of the crisis and the present state of affairs. As to the causes of the global financial crisis in 2008, I argue that contrary to common understanding, the financial crisis had its deeper causes in a decades old tendency towards crisis in the real economy, produced by the continuous overaccumulation of capital which can only return profits by undertaking speculative short-term investments (a phenomenon known as 'financialisation'). I then trace how the global financial crisis morphed into a crisis of public deficits and debt in 2010-2011, particularly in the Eurozone. Three factors are shown to be responsible: financialization, design faults in the European monetary union, and the neo-mercantilist strategy of especially Germany and the Netherlands. The paper next looks at the five main traits of the policy responses in the Eurozone: bailing out governments and banks through creating emergency funds; imposition of austerity and budget discipline for member state governments; attempting to create and complete a Eurozone banking union; subsequently the European Central Bank engaged on an unprecedented scale in 'quantitative easing'; and finally, institutional reform in an attempt to repair the most pressing design faults of the EMU. The paper concludes that the underlying structural factors leading up to the crisis have only been addressed incompletely: the overaccumulation of capital continues, the completion of the banking union is in an impasse, quantitative easing has mostly just intensified financialization by pushing up asset prizes, and institutional reform has taken the form of a fundamentally undemocratic attempt at monetary and political union by stealth. The broader legitimacy of the European project has been substantially undermined, and Europe is not in a better position than eight years ago in case of a new global crisis.

Porezni sistem BiH predstavlja jedan od ključnih nositelja u održavanju stabilnosti i poticanju razvoja gospodarstva BiH. PDV prevare nisu ozbiljna prijetnja samo za prihode države BiH nego i za funkcioniranje cjelokupnog tržišta, pa se može reći da su to specijalni oblici kriminala, koji nanose veću materijalnu, odnosno finansijsku štetu nego klasični kriminal i predstavljaju izuzetno društveno opasno ponašanje fizičkih ili pravnih lica. Borba protiv PDV prevara i općenito prevara po osnovu neizravnih poreza u svim porama sistema, a posebno u tužiteljstvu i policiji, neophodan je uvjet za opstanak sistema. Vršenje kaznenih djela iz oblasti neizravnih poreza može biti podstaknuto nekažnjavanjem ili nedovoljnim kažnjavanjem, što veoma brzo može dovesti do bogaćenja određenih slojeva društva koji postaju elita u ekonomskom i političkom životu. Takvi slojevi društva prvenstveno su loša slika i loši predstavnici naše države jer takvim postupanjem upućuju na ponašanja puna ličnih interesa i vode zemlju ka putu egoizma, što nikako ne bi trebalo predstavljati ideal kojem treba težiti, već upravo suprotno. Jedino odlučna borba, uz primjenu i preventivnih i represivnih metoda suzbijanja prijevara, u kojoj nema mjesta za nedodirljive, treba postati kategorički imperativ ponašanja i djelovanja. ; Tax system of Bosnia and Herzegovina /BiH/ is one of the key factors in keeping the stability and incitement of BiH economy development. VAT frauds are not serious threat just to the incomes of the BiH state but also for functioning of entire market, so we can say that those are special forms of crimes, which cause more material i.e. financial damage than classic crimes and represent extremely socially dangerous behavior of natural persons or legal entities. The fight against VAT frauds, and frauds in general, based on the indirect taxes in all aspects of the system, and especially in the prosecution and the police is necessary requirement for survival of the system. Committing indirect taxes felonies can be incited by non-punishment or insufficient punishment, which in a short time period can bring to enrichment of certain levels of society that become elite in economic and political life. Such levels of society priory give poor image and poor representatives of our state, because with such behavior the same are indicating the behaviors full of personal interests and are leading the country toward the egoism, which should not represent an ideal to reach for at all but quite the opposite. Only the strong fight, with application of preventive and repressive methods of preventing the frauds, in which there are no untouchables, should priory become a categorical imperative in behavior and action.

Brussels' urban space, like that of many other cities, is dotted with evidence of a productive industrial past. The activities that took place there were generally not geared to mass production for export, but to small-scale manufacturing aimed at supplying the needs of local city dwellers. That small-scale manufacturing industry included members of the building trade such as contractors, joiners and builders' merchants who catered to the demand for housing in an ever-expanding city. Their business premises formed a vital link in the creation and renovation of the urban fabric. This article focuses on the values of small-scale industrial heritage from the building trade, which is under enormous pressure in a city like Brussels. The dynamics of constantly rising real estate prices make residential redevelopment a lucrative investment. Thanks to gentrification, many workshops are being converted into housing and former warehouses are falling prey to large-scale property development. Real estate dynamics, scaling-up and changing market conditions are also contributing to the disappearance of the small-scale, live-work fabric that fosters a beneficial mix of functions. The expertise and skills that for centuries have supplied the basic needs of the city in a sustainable manner are then lost. In light of growing traffic congestion and unemployment, academics and urban planners are becoming increasingly convinced of the need for permanently embedded, city-servicing economic actors like building businesses. Thus, even today, small-scale industrial heritage is vital to the functioning of the urban economy, in that offers the possibility of spatially organizing or reorganizing city-servicing activities within a dense urban fabric. Inspired by integrated concepts of heritage, we therefore argue in favour of a broadening of industrial heritage values aimed at anchoring the use of such locations in time and space. We take issue with an exclusively material approach to industrial heritage by pointing out the immaterial heritage value of a continuity of productive use. After a brief theoretical reflection on the value of small-scale industrial heritage in the city, we examine the historical evolution of Brussels' industrial heritage at the macro level between 1890 and 1970, the period in which the development of the suburbs of Brussels was in full swing. We use a series of exemplary cases to illustrate the different trajectories of continuity and discontinuity of heritage on the one hand, and productive use of building trade locations in Brussels on the other. We also try to get to grips with the motivations of businesses that abandon the city, cease to exist or manage to adapt to volatile market conditions. This article uses a selection of cases to challenge a purely material approach to industrial heritage and makes the case for further research into the question of how individual heritage legislation might also recognize immaterial heritage values in historical business activity on a particular site or in an industrial building.