Suchergebnisse

Budgeting for a state or a country seems to be the most important part to handle administration and government policy in term of socio economic reason. In practice, a lot of government tends to subscribe a balance budget whereby it is striving to balance between revenues and expenditures accurately. Unfortunately, this balancing post uses a debt and foreign aid charged by interest to cover any shortage in revenues. In the real context, the budget deficit management based on debt is still controversial and considered inappropriate with developing country conditions which their economies are unstable and fluctuated. Unfortunately, many countries in the world including Muslim-populated countries subscribe budget deficit system whereby the sources of its fund are backed up by debt. The focus of this paper is to analyze two main sensitive issues of the Indonesian economy in the light of Maqasid Al Shariah. This study employs a method of literature review and combined with data analysis. Actually, Islam has a very rich literature legacy in administrating public sector economy and it becomes important theory and framework as a stance or point of view to analyze the prevailing system. The high interest rate payment is the main issue of public sector expenditure. Indonesian government seems no choices to resolve its public sector economy and relies too much on debt management. For social welfare expenditure there has been a misallocation in emphasizing budget expenditure whereby oil and petroleum subsidy consume almost majority of the total welfare expenditure in Indonesian public sector economy

This research attempts to analyze the reason or consideration of Indonesian government to not ratify Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) yet, in political economy analysis comprises interest of many actors, limitations of capacity of state, the influence of ratification towards Indonesian tobacco trade, FCTC implementation among the Parties, and projection of Indonesia's possibility to comply with this regulation. FCTC has a number of instruments in tobacco control which was arranged by World Health Organization since 1999. This research become necessary due to Indonesia as only one a country in Asia which have not ratified yet, whereas Indonesia has been the fifth biggest of tobacco consumer in the world. It is a qualitative research, where data were collected through interview technique to the certain sources, and other supporting data from books and publication document. It has been analyzed using Chayes concept about compliance and non-compliance with international regulatory agreement consist of ambiguity and lack of capacity, interests, norms, and efficiency. In observing this issue, we can clarify that different interests of actors have become major consideration of Indonesian government to not comply with this convention regarding on the differences priority within ministry, the existence of business actors to influence the decision maker, employment, tobacco farmers, and social cultural aspects. In the forthcoming, there is a possibility that Indonesia will ratify FCTC due to Tobacco Roadmap which is arranged by Ministry of Industry of Indonesia in long-term planning assert that health aspect will be the main priority more than state revenues and employment. In addition, there are a lot of regencies and cities in Indonesia which have been implementing tobacco control regulation. This research, eventually, is expected to provide input analysis to the government in accordance with FCTC.

In the study the author first makes clear the notion of nutrimarketing, and its place in modern marketing. He states that there are several factors that are responsible for the spread of the civilization diseases; one of the most important ones is the quality of nutrition. The health state of the Hungarian population is among the worst ones in the world, and it is well reflected in the unfavourable life expectancy at birth and the death rate. It is also proved that the mortality indexes are a lot more unfavourable than they would be justified by the food consumption, but in spite of this the quality of our nutrition is still far behind the optimal. He also reports that the nutrition of the Hungarian population is unfavourably formed by the consumers' misbelieves, as well as the distrust towards different foods. The strategic foods of the future – from among them the author analyses the market situation of and the opportunities of functional, organic and regional foods – can have a key role in putting an end to the health and nutrition anomalies. He states that the examined food-groups have distinctive and well-communicatable product properties and nutrition advantages, and their improvement potential is far behind that of the traditional products. The so-called nutrimarketing activity has a key role in the market positioning of the outlined foodcategories, that is why the most important fields of the nutrimarketing strategy will be defined as well. The author hopes that the results of the research will help the nutrition of the Hungarian population reach the optimal level. ; A tanulmányban a szerző elsőként tisztázza a táplálkozásmarketing fogalmát, illetve helyét a modern marketingben. Megállapítja, hogy a civilizációs betegségek terjedéséért számos tényező felelős, köztük az egyik legfontosabb a táplálkozás milyensége. A magyar lakosság egészségi állapota világviszonylatban a legrosszabbak közé tartozik, amelyet, jól tükröz a születéskor várható élettartam és a halálozási ráta kedvezőtlen alakulása. Bizonyítást nyert az is, hogy a halandósági mutatók sokkal kedvezőtlenebbek, mint azt az élelmiszerfogyasztás szerkezete indokolná, ennek ellenére táplálkozásunk minősége még messze elmarad az optimálistól. Megállapítja azt is, hogy a magyar lakosság élelmiszerfogyasztásának alakulását kedvezőtlenül befolyásolják a fogyasztói tévhitek, valamint az élelmiszerekkel kapcsolatos bizalmatlanság. A vázolt egészségügyi és táplálkozási anomáliák felszámolásában kulcsszerepet tölthetnek be a jövő stratégiai élelmiszerei, amelyek közül a szerző a funkcionális, az organikus és a regionális élelmiszerek piaci helyzetét és lehetőségeit elemzi. Megállapítja, hogy vizsgált élelmiszercsoportok megkülönböztető és jól kommunikálható termékjellemzőkkel, táplálkozási előnyökkel rendelkeznek, éves növekedési potenciáljuk pedig messze meghaladja a hagyományos termékekét. A vázolt élelmiszerkategóriák piaci pozícionálásában kulcsszerepe van az ún. táplálkozásmarketing-tevékenységnek, ezért meghatározásra kerülnek a táplálkozásmarketing stratégia fontosabb területei. A szerző bízik abban, hogy a kutatás eredményei elősegítik a magyar lakosság táplálkozásának közelítését az optimális értékekhez.

The role of the local economy gets eroded due to the inclusion of capitalization in rural areas. This research examines the coal mining industry's influence on the local economy's existence in Berambai Hamlet, Bukit Pariaman Village, Tenggarong Seberang Sub-district, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. This research uses qualitative research methods; meanwhile, data collection methods use field observation and in-depth interviews. Interviews were conducted in stages through a snowball sampling to strengthen the observations' results. The results show that the local economy and livelihood in Berambai Hamlet are under pressure and eroded due to coal mining activities. Livelihood products shrank drastically, especially fish and rice, due to mining waste polluting rivers and agricultural land conversion to mining areas. Furthermore, other sources of income from farmworkers are not enough to fulfill the needs. The government needs to protect their livelihoods as a driving force for the local economy by integrating nature-based life. The government needs to develop local economic potentials, such as tourism areas, crafts, and artworks. The government also needs to strengthen village institutions. It must be carried out together with mining companies seriously. Furthermore, the government needs to maintain the unity of rural spatial and spatial planning. ; Peran ekonomi lokal semakin terkikis akibat masuknya permodalan di pedesaan. Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh industri pertambangan batu bara terhadap eksistensi perekonomian lokal di Dusun Berambai, Desa Bukit Pariaman, Kecamatan Tenggarong Seberang, Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, Provinsi Kalimantan Utara, Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif; sedangkan metode pengumpulan datanya menggunakan observasi lapangan dan wawancara mendalam. Wawancara dilakukan secara bertahap melalui snowball sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perekonomian dan mata pencaharian masyarakat di Dusun Berambai mengalami tekanan dan tergerus akibat kegiatan penambangan batu bara. Produk mata pencaharian menyusut drastis, terutama ikan dan beras akibat limbah tambang mencemari sungai dan perubahan lahan pertanian menjadi area pertambangan. Selain itu, sumber pendapatan lain dari buruh tani tidak cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan. Pemerintah perlu melindungi mata pencaharian mereka sebagai penggerak ekonomi lokal dengan mengintegrasikan kehidupan berbasis alam. Pemerintah perlu mengembangkan potensi ekonomi lokal, seperti kawasan pariwisata, kerajinan, dan karya seni. Pemerintah juga perlu memperkuat kelembagaan desa. Ini harus dilakukan bersama dengan perusahaan tambang secara serius. Selanjutnya, pemerintah perlu menjaga kesatuan tata ruang desa dan perencanaan tata ruang.

Since the New Order era mining policy is strongly tended to be political for the fact that this sector is highly promising. The case on Clear and Clean mechanism was full of potency on rent-seeking with the modus of various regulation misuse. Every spot of rent-seeking in this case has provided different opportunity of manipulation. The Clear and Clean case also shown about the strength of central government against local government. The local government was considered as the party that resembles the business owner so it was their duty to save the asset. The strength of patron-client in clear and clean policy was mainly proven by the fact of the appearance of Individual triangle alliance as a broker. This also explained that woman and paranormal as third person was strongly very influential in lobbying between the interest business owners and bureucrates. The result of research also reconfirmed about the strength of patron-client model. This model was indicated by the existance of strength informal actors that penetrated the environment of formal bureaucracy. Strength of those informal actors was the main key of access business owner in the rent-seeking network and circle in different spots.

Food security become very important as food crisis occurred in 2008. Under the administration of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono in 2009 to 2014, the crisis due to increase in population in Indonesia encourages increase in food demand. However, to fulfill Indonesia's food demand it still depends on the availability from international market. This research aims to analyze why countries like Indonesia dependent on international markets for food security aspect despite having the capability to achieve fulfillment on food. To analyze the reasons, the concepts of comparative advantage, dependency, and national capabilities will be use to analyze the factors on why nations depend on international market to achieve its food security. Accompanied by a comparison between Indonesia with Vietnam, Malaysia, and United States to see the similarities and differences to achieved food security in the international market. With qualitative research methods and comparison focus on explanative research also using literature studies in data collection. The results of this study finds that Indonesia dependence are influenced by comparative advantage policy of other countries which in this case are Vietnam and Malaysia, the international market system that encourages dependency, and Indonesia inability to maximizing its national capability compared to United States. Keywords: dependency, comparative advantage, national capabilities, Indonesia, food security.

ABSTRAKPandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia tidak hanya berdampak pada kesehatan melainkan juga pada aspek perekonomian masyarakat. Hal ini mendorong pemerintah membuat kebijakan pemulihan ekonomi kepada masyarakat yaitu melalui program Jaring Pengaman Sosial (JPS). Dalam program JPS ini, pemerintah membagi menjadi dua jenis bantuan yaitu bantuan sosial reguler dan non reguler. Pelaksanaan penyaluran bantuan sosial bukan hal baru lagi bagi pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah daerah. Namun dalam penyalurannya selalu terjadi masalah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui prosedur penyaluran bantuan sosial di era pandemi Covid-19, kendala dalam penyaluran bantuan sosial di era pandemi Covid-19, dan solusi dalam mengatasi kendala dalam penyaluran bantuan sosial di era pandemi Covid-19 pada Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Blitar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam kepada beberapa informan. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah 2 orang pihak Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Blitar dan 3 masyarakat penerima bantuan sosial. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam pelaksanaan penyaluran bantuan sosial masih memiliki kendala seperti sebagian bantuan tidak disalurkan tepat pada sasarannya karena masih ada masyarakat yang lebih layak mendapat bantuan namun tidak memperolehnya. Selain itu juga masih terdapat masyarakat yang kurang memahami tentang kriteria dan prosedur bantuan sosial serta ada sebagian masyarakat yang kurang memahami kondisi perekonomiannya. Kata Kunci: Covid-19, Ekonomi Masyarakat, Bantuan Sosial Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia has not only had an impact on healthy but also on the economic aspects of the community. This encourages the government to make economic recovery policies for the community, namely through the Social Safety Net (JPS). In this JPS program, the government divides into two types of assistance, namely regular and non-regular social assistance. The implementation of the distribution of social assistance is nothing new for the central ...