Suchergebnisse

The study examines some recent developments in Hungarian higher education funding with some historical and international outlook. Its purpose is to present the causes of the anomalies that we are experiencing today (such anomalies include, for example, new institutional indebtedness and their central support, as well as instructor layoffs at some universities, and a sudden increase in tuition fees). The anomalies are surprising because, according to the government, the introduction of the Chancellor's system was successful in consolidating higher education. The paper states that the last ten years of Hungarian higher education were characterized by the transformation of the financing system, in addition to the reduction of state resources. In international comparison, the government support for domestic higher education compared to GDP is significantly below the average of developed countries. The government tried to deal with institutional management difficulties and indebtedness with the introduction of the Chancellor's system. (which drastically reduced autonomy), and by providing ad hoc, hand-guided cash grants. However, the financial condition of the institutions is permanently bad, which is obviously at the expense of quality, as the institutions are forced to dismiss older and more experienced trainers, and the conditions of education also deteriorate. Without widening public resources and widening economic freedom, the situation will continue to deteriorate. It is becoming increasingly evident that the idea of a government strategy to make Hungarian higher education institutions world-class is unrealistic. ; A tanulmány a hazai felsőoktatás-finanszírozás néhány újabb történését vizsgálja meg, némi történelmi és nemzetközi kitekintéssel. Célja bemutatni azt, hogy a napjainkban tapasztalható anomáliák – mint például az újabb intézményi eladósodások és azok központi kisegítése (miközben a kancellári rendszer bevezetésével állítólag sikeres volt a felsőoktatás konszolidációja), elbocsátások egyes tudományegyetemeken, hirtelen tandíjemelés – mire vezethetők vissza. Az írás megállapítja, hogy a hazai felsőoktatás elmúlt tíz évét az állami források beszűkülése mellett a finanszírozási rendszer átalakulása jellemezte. Nemzetközi összehasonlításban a hazai felsőoktatás kormányzati forrásai (az állami támogatások aránya a GDP-hez viszonyítva) jelentősen elmaradnak a fejlett országok átlagától. A mindezek nyomán kialakult intézményi gazdálkodási nehézségeket a kormány a kancellári rendszer bevezetésével – s ezzel együtt a gazdasági autonómia radikális és az akadémiai (oktatási és kutatási) autonómia vele járó nem jelentéktelen korlátozásával –, valamint eseti, kézzel vezérelt konszolidációs pénzosztogatással próbálta kezelni. Az intézmények kondicionális helyzete azonban tartósan rossz, ami nyilvánvalóan a minőség rovására megy, hiszen az intézmények az idősebb és tapasztaltabb oktatók elbocsátására kényszerülnek, és az oktatás feltételei is romlanak. Félő, hogy az állami források bővülése és a gazdálkodási szabadság kiszélesítése nélkül a helyzet tovább romlik. Egyre nyilvánvalóbban irreálissá válik a kormányzati stratégiának nevezett anyag azon célkitűzése, amely szerint minden magyar felsőoktatási intézmény világszínvonalú kell legyen azokban a diszciplínákban, amelyek a saját kiemelt területéhez tartoznak.

Cash waqf is one of the instruments of Islamic Economics that is being assessed his progress. This research aims to know the role of BadanWakaf Indonesia (BWI) as government of waqf institution and Tabung Wakaf Indonesia (TWI) as private waqf institution, in empowerment of (cash waqf) education, and by results of research to draw up a model empowerment of cash waqf in the field of education.The research method used was qualitative methods.Qualitative descriptive analysis is used to explain how the empowerment model cash waqf are integrated in the BWI and the TWI for the education quality empowerment. The results showed that the integration of BWI and TWI is carried out by the Division of tasks and functions, namely BWI focus more on socializing on the cash waqafand nadzirtraining, while the TWI more on empowering education for maukuf 'alaih peace both in the quantity as well as quality.

Cash waqf is one of the instruments of Islamic Economics that is being assessed his progress. This research aims to know the role of BadanWakaf Indonesia (BWI) as government of waqf institution and Tabung Wakaf Indonesia (TWI) as private waqf institution, in empowerment of (cash waqf) education, and by results of research to draw up a model empowerment of cash waqf in the field of education.The research method used was qualitative methods.Qualitative descriptive analysis is used to explain how the empowerment model cash waqf are integrated in the BWI and the TWI for the education quality empowerment. The results showed that the integration of BWI and TWI is carried out by the Division of tasks and functions, namely BWI focus more on socializing on the cash waqafand nadzirtraining, while the TWI more on empowering education for maukuf 'alaih peace both in the quantity as well as quality.

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the efficiency and effectiveness of local government expenditure on education sector in districts and cities level of East Java, during the periods 2007-2014. Furthermore, this study will evaluate the impacts of local government expenditure, household expenditure for education, and regional product domestic bruto or (PDRB) on the educational outcomes, namely education index. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is selected as the methodology for analyzing the efficiency of local government expenditure on educational outcome. The model assumes constant return to scale (CRS) and variable return to scale (VRS). Measurement of the effectiveness of government spending is done by using panel data regression. Data for supporting the analyses is panel data from 38 districts and cities in East Java for the periods of 2007 – 2014. The results show that government expenditure in educational sector is relatively inefficient. Government Expenditure for Education (PPP) has no significant impact on educational index, while Household expenditure for education (PPRT) and GRDP per Capita positive has significant impact on the Education Index (IP). This imply that government expenditure for educational sector is not effective improving educational index.

The Khrushchev-inspired transformation of the school system affected the whole Central Eastern European region and determined pedagogical discourses for years. After the fall of Khrushchev (in 1964), the process stopped and the original goals were modified – in Hungary and everywhere in the socialist bloc. According to the evaluation of the reform after the fall of Khrushchev and the remembrance policy of the Kádár Era, the entire process was to be forgotten. This is definitely characteristic of the actors who participated in preparing decisions: although the School Reform Committee had formulated the main principles of the transformation (translating ideology into pedagogy), its members were barely referred to later, at most in one sentence as a warning. Chosen by party leaders, decision-makers were not mentioned in public in the 1960s or thereafter. In this paper, I briefly outline the historical context and then the theoretical aspects, which have prompted me to employ prosopography; in the second half of the study, an analysis provides a good example of this methodology. ; A Hruscsov által 1958-ban kezdeményezett oktatáspolitikai átalakítás az egész középkelet európai térségen végigsöpört, jó pár évre meghatározva a közéleti-pedagógiai diskurzusokat. Azonban Hruscsov bukása (1964) után megtorpant a folyamat, módosultak az eredeti célkitűzések Magyarországon és máshol is. A reform hatásai a mai napig érezhetőek (pl. az iskolarendszer reformja, a szakképzés, a koedukáció, a tananyag szerkezete, a középfokú oktatás expanziója), és a későbbiekben még fel-felbukkantak az átalakítás központi motívumai (pl. a politechnika, szocialista nevelőiskola), azonban Hruscsov bukása és a reform megítélése összekapcsolódott, a Kádár-rendszer emlékezetpolitikája a felejtés útját követte. Különösen igaz a hallgatás a hazai döntések előkészítésében részt vevő szereplőkre nézve: az átalakítás alapelveit megfogalmazó Iskolai Reformbizottság maximum említés szintjén bukkant fel a későbbiekben, nem is esett szó azokról a pártvezetés által kiválasztott döntéselőkészítőkről, döntéshozókról, akik az ideológiai-politikai akaratot a pedagógia nyelvére lefordították. Tanulmányomban a történeti kontextus rövid felvázolása után azokat az elméleti megfontolásokat ismertetem, amelyek a prozopográfiai módszertan alkalmazásához vezettek a kutatás során. A tanulmány második fele az elemzés bemutatásával a módszer alkalmazására nyújt példát.

This study aims to describe political participation and the factors influencing the political participation of novice voters in the Padang Mayor Election in 2018. This research was conducted to describe the political participation of novice voters in the Padang Mayor Election. Therefore, to describe the political participation of novice voter researchers spread a quetionnaire to 138 respondents. According to Ramlan, 1992; Ramli, (2010) Political participation can be interpreted as the participation of ordinary citizens in determining all decisions concering or affecting his life.This type of research is descriptive with research locations in the Kelurahan Pasar Ambacang. The population in this study amounted to 1.377 novice voters and a sample of 138 respondents with a sampling technique using simple random sampling. Data was collected using questionnaire, interviews and documentation, intruments and analyzed using triangulation. The results of the study of political participation in voting as much as 100%, political discussion 54,58%, of campaign activities 16,67%, form and join 0,24% interest groups and individual communication with political and administrative officials 5,31%. Novice voters at the time of voting use their voting right well. Factors influencing the political participation of novice voters are the curiosity of policies promised by the vision and mission of the candidate pair of mayors and the political awareness of the novice voter of the obligations as Indonesian citizens. It can be concluded from the results of the study of political participation of novice voters 35,36% included in the less category.Keywords: Political Participation, Novice Voters, The Election Of The Mayor

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether performance management system (PMS) has a positive effect on organizational performance. Furthermore, it also investigates whether intellectual capital (IC) mediates PMS-organizational performance relationship. Design/methodology/approach This study is designed as a quantitative research employing a partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Using an online survey, data are collected from the HEIs managers under the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education, the Government of Indonesia (MRTH-GOI). This research uses a mediation model approach to test the indirect effect of IC. Findings The results reveal that PMS has a positive direct effect on organizational performance of the HEIs in Indonesia. Further analysis proves that IC partially mediates PMS-organizational relationship. Research limitations/implications This research is context-specific for Indonesia and caution should be used when generalizing it to other countries. It implies that the better the organizational performance of the HEIs, the better the quality of life in the society. PMS and IC play a crucial role in the era of knowledge economy. Practical implications The HEIs managers should design and implement a reliable PMS. They also should properly manage the IC (human capital, structural capital, relational capital) so that they can enhance organizational performance in areas of teaching, research and community service as the core business of the HEIs. Social implications As the global education competition has become a serious issue in each HEI in Indonesia, the results of this study contribute to providing an approach on how to achieve a better organizational performance which brings more benefits to the society. The HEIs display a strategic role in improving the quality of life of society. The knowledge economy requires society to enhance the quality of education at all levels. This research model and results provide empirical evidence of the importance of IC which mediates the relationship between PMS and organizational performance. When the HEIs in Indonesia implement this model of managing IC, the society will get more benefits in terms of the improvements in the quality of education, teaching, research and community service from the HEIs. The better the HEIs performance, the better the quality of life of the society in the era of knowledge economy. Originality/value This research brings together issues that are usually examined separately in previous studies. It employs a mediation research model to explore the central role of IC in PMS- organizational performance relationship which is rarely researched. This is also the first study exploring the three constructs of PMS, IC and organizational performance in the Indonesian HEIs research setting.

The declining attention of young voters on several aspects makes political education very vital for the sustainability of democracy in Indonesia. Political education for students who are young voters in this case are students of the Constitutional Law is considered important to increase their participation at the tertiary level, namely the election of DEMA (Student Executive Council) IAIN Madura. This study used an approach to students of the Constitutional Law study program, Islamic State Faculty of IAIN Madura through observation and interviews as well as data collection supported by document studies through several relevant kinds of literature so that data triangulation was then carried out to produce valid data. The results showed that in the aspect of students' initial knowledge about elections from several informants of the Constitutional Law study program students obtained data that they already had a good understanding of. Then on the aspect of student perspectives on campus politics, some of them do not know information about the election of the chairman of the DEMA (Student Executive Council) due to several reasons behind it. So then to increase student political participation in the election of the chairman of DEMA the author formulated three political stimuli, namely through learning political science courses, through campus organizations, and mass media.

Jelen írás célja, hogy most, amikor a felsőoktatás és annak átalakulása, átalakítása központi témává vált hazai és európai szinten egyaránt, áttekintést nyújtson a Bologna-folyamatról, kitérve annak előzményeire, kiváltó okaira is. Releváns szakirodalmak és a felsőoktatási miniszterek találkozóin elfogadott nemzetközi dokumentumok segítségével feleleveníti a folyamat főbb állomásait, kiemelve a főbb trendeket, irányvonalakat és prioritásokat. Kitér az Európai Felsőoktatási Térség legjelentősebb felsőoktatási szervezeteire, azok létrejöttére, főbb feladataira, továbbá a folyamat nyomonkövetése érdekében tett erőfeszítésekre, az elért eredményekre, egyes aktuális trendekre, valamint a jövő kihívásaira. = The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the Bologna process, including its antecedents and causes, now that higher education and its transformation has become a central topic at both Hungarian and European levels. It revives the main stages of the process with the help of relevant literature and international documents adopted at the meetings of the Ministers of Higher Education, highlighting the main trends, directions and priorities. It covers the most important higher education organisations in the European Higher Education Area, their establishment, their main tasks, furthermore the efforts made to monitor the process, the results achieved, some current trends and future challenges.