Suchergebnisse

Pt. 1, Life insurance; pt. 2, Property and casualty insurance; pt. 3, Educational trends; pt. 4, Insurance tendencies in foreign countries.

Before the Revolution. Peter the Great, among other attempts to westernize Russia, introduced in 1722 a "table of ranks" consisting of fourteen classes of civil officials (chinovniki) ranging from mere filing clerks to privy councillors. Advancement in civil service also brought with it advancement in social status, but few persons of plebeian origin could reach the higher ranks. Officials attaining the rank of "actual state councillor" automatically became hereditary nobles. The old nobility resented this "corruption of blood;" but with the growth of the Empire, the nobles alone were not sufficiently numerous to render all the civil service necessary for the administration of the state. The admission of non-nobles into civil service was, however, rigidly restricted, not so much by educational qualifications as by stipulations that sons of officials, military officers, orthodox clergy, merchants of the first class, and members of the learned professions should be given preference. Others were admitted provided they were graduated from middle and higher educational institutions with honor (gold medal). Jews were in general excluded, exceptions being made in the case of the medical service.

The addresses here given are as follows: The purpose of a liberal education / by Dr. Frederick M. Tisdel, Dean of the College of Arts and Science -- The state's interest in higher education / by Mr. Mercer Arnold of Joplin, Missouri, Chairman of the Executive Board of the Board of Curators of the University of Missouri -- Education and government / by Dr. Lloyd M. Short, Assistant Dean of the Graduate Faculty and Professor of Political Science and Public Law of the University of Missouri -- The state's interest in research in tax-supported educational institutions / by Dr. W. C. Curtis, Professor of Zoology of the University of Missouri -- The farmer and education / by Professor W. C. Etheridge, Professor of Field Crops of the University of Missouri -- Education from a practical viewpoint / by Mr. H.J. Blanton of Paris, Missouri, Member of the Executive Board of the Board of Curators of the University of Missouri -- The public attitude toward education / by Mr. George C. Willson of St. Louis, Member of the Executive Board of the Board of Curators of the University of Missouri -- Women in higher education / by Mrs. Helen C. Zwick of St. Joseph, Member of the Board of Curators of the University of Missouri -- Public support of professional education / by Professor R. W. Selvidge, Professor of Industrial Education and Acting Dean of the College of Engineering of the University of Missouri.

An earlier note in the Review indicated the desirability of minority party activity in the interval between campaigns and appraised the organization and functioning of the publicity bureau of the Democratic national committee from June 1, 1929, until September 1,1930. During the period from September, 1930, to the convening of the Democratic national convention on June 27, 1932, the bureau continued, as a party agency, to criticise the policies of the Hoover administration and to assume, in a limited degree, the educational function of the minority party. In addition, it was necessary during the first session of the Seventy-second Congress to explain and justify the work of the Democratic House of Representatives.

Professional students of American politics, like other members of the governed classes, have their private reasons for discontent with the present administration at Washington. The business depression, to be sure, has not injured the educational interests of the country to the same extent as most others. Decreased income from tuition and endowments has reduced somewhat the demand for young Ph.D.'s in colleges and universities, and the American Association of University Professors has received an extraordinary number of calls for help from older teachers who have been laid off for more or less obscure reasons on the plea of lack of funds. But in general, education seems to be one of the public services for which the public will not readily reduce its effective demand. Boys and girls continue to grow up in bad times as in good, and the increasing difficulty of finding remunerative employment only stimulates the desire for further education. Professorial salaries, once fixed, are not easily reduced, and the fall in the general level of prices leaves most professors better off than before. Hence the private reasons of professors of political science for discontent with the present administration, though no less exigent than those of other members of the governed classes, are of a peculiar nature.In the first place, the present administration has not fulfilled the high hopes of many political scientists for improvement in the methods of legislation at the national capital. It was hoped, for example, that the executive would take a vigorous initiative in recommending measures to the Congress and would make greater use of technical experts in the preparation of administration measures.

American political theorists have long assumed that the various governmental units composing the United States act only in accordance with the powers bestowed upon them by constitutions and conforming laws of their respective jurisdictions. But in recent years they have received an electric shock through the development of "government by special consent." Basically, the new principle means that a supervisory authority can in reality exercise rights over persons and property not brought under its wing by the constitution under which it operates—provided certain public agencies or private parties agree to the extension. This practice, which has not yet received philosophical treatment, has enabled the several governments of the Union to conquer new worlds without resorting to the long, difficult, and unwieldy process of constitutional amendment. The novel method of transfer by agreement is both rapid and flexible. But why, one is led to inquire, do independent bodies surrender portions of their "sovereignty" to other groups? Certainly not through mere altruism. They do it "for value received," be it financial aid, convenience, advertising advantages, or other rewards. In all ages, from biblical days to the latest moment, birthrights have been sold for "pottage."Financial pottage needs no introduction to most American observers. They are well aware that various states in the Union, for example, have agreed to accept national control over their internal roads, educational affairs, forestry, agriculture, and other matters in exchange for monetary assistance from the federal government. Such transfers of authority for cash are of mutual benefit.

Book reviewed in this article:FICTION Ann Vickers. By Sinclair Lewis.FICTION Ways of Escape. By Philip Gibbs.CRIMINOLOGY: THE REAL THING. Criminology. By Robert H. Gault.CRIMINOLOGY: THE REAL THING. The Lawbreaker. By E. Roy Calvert and Theodora Calvert.CRIMINAL COURTS AT HOME AND ABROAD. The Moscow Trial.1 By A. J. Cummings.CRIMINAL COURTS AT HOME AND ABROAD. Wrecking Activities at Power Stations in the Soviet Union.1 (Allen and Unwin.CRIMINAL COURTS AT HOME AND ABROAD. Courts and Judges in France, Germany and England. By R. C. K. Ensor.CRIMINAL COURTS AT HOME AND ABROAD. English Justice.1 By "Solicitor".CRIMINAL COURTS AT HOME AND ABROAD. From the Bench. By Cecil Chapman.CRIMINAL COURTS AT HOME AND ABROAD. Magisterial Law, 1932. By Albert Lieck and Sophie Lieck.THE PROBATION SYSTEM ON PROBATION. Probation and Criminal Justice. Essays in Honour of Herbert C. Parsons. Edited by Sheldon Glueck.THE PROBATION SYSTEM ON PROBATION. Probation in New York State. (Special Report by Commission to Investigate Prison Administration and Construction, presented to the Legislature of the State of New York. 1933. 66 pp.)THE PROBATION SYSTEM ON PROBATION. Prediction Factors in Probation. (A Study of 1,515 Probation Cases of Ramsey County, Minnesota, for the years 1923–1925 inclusive. Elio D. Monachesi, Ph.D.ENGLISH PRISON LIFE, ABOVE STAIRS AND BELOW. The Recollections of a Prison Governor. By Lt.‐Col. C. E. F. Rich, D.S.O.ENGLISH PRISON LIFE, ABOVE STAIRS AND BELOW. Dartmoor from Within. By Ex‐Convict No. —.THREE BOOKS ON PSYCHOLOGY AND CRIME. Reviewed by Dr. William Moodie. Studies in the Psychology of Delinquency. By Grace W. Pailthorpe, M.D.THREE BOOKS ON PSYCHOLOGY AND CRIME. What We Put in Prison. By Dr. Grace W. Pailthorpe.THREE BOOKS ON PSYCHOLOGY AND CRIME. Psychology in Court. By A Doctor.AMERICAN BOOKS ON PENOLOGY. Prisoners: their Crimes and Sentences. The Classification of Prison Inmates of New York State. (V. C. Branham, M.D., Deputy Commissioner and Dr. Walter N. Thayer, Jr., Commissioner of the New York State Department of Correction.AMERICAN BOOKS ON PENOLOGY. Limey. By James Spenser.AMERICAN BOOKS ON PENOLOGY. Men's Misdemeanants' Division of the Municipal Court of Philadelphia. A Report of the Bureau of Municipal Research of Philadelphia.AMERICAN BOOKS ON PENOLOGY. A Preliminary Report on an Educational Project at Elmira Reformatory. Special Report by the Commission to Investigate Prison Administration and Construction to the Legislature of the State of New York.AMERICAN BOOKS ON PENOLOGY. Crime, Law and Social Science. By Jerome Michael, Professor of Law in Columbia University, and Mortimer J. Adler, Associate Professor of Law in the University of Chicago.AMERICAN BOOKS ON PENOLOGY. The Problem of Crime. By Clayton J. Ettinger, M.D., Ph.D.AMERICAN BOOKS ON PENOLOGY. The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, including the American Journal of Police Science. Century of Progress Number.BOW STREET AND THE OLD BAILEY. The History of the Bow Street Runners (1729–1829). By Gilbert Armitage.BOW STREET AND THE OLD BAILEY. The Old Bailey. By Albert Crew.MISCELLANY. The Trial of John Watson Laurie. Edited by William Roughead.MISCELLANY. The Judicial Wisdom of Mr. Justice McCardie. Edited by Albert Crew.MISCELLANY. The Police‐woman's Handbook. By Eleonore L. Hutzel.MISCELLANY. Behind the Green Lights. By Capt. Cornelius Willemse.MISCELLANY. Clues and Crimes. By Henry T. F. Rhodes.MISCELLANY. Marriage, Children and God. By Claud Mullins. With a Preface by the Bishop of Southwark.MISCELLANY. Tu Ne Tueras Point. By Serge Brisy.MISCELLANY. The Thibaults. By Roger Martin du Gard. Translated from the French by Stephen Haden Guest.MISCELLANY. The Tragedy of Lynching. By Arthur Raper.MISCELLANY. Prohibition: A National Experiment. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. Vol. 163.MISCELLANY. Transactions of the Medico‐Legal Society for the Session 1931–32.MISCELLANY. The Causes of Suicide. By Dennis H. Geffen, M.D., D.P.H., Medical Officer of Health for Enfield.MISCELLANY. Individual and Social Interpretations in the Study of the Psychological Disorders of Childhood. By Emanuel Miller, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., D.P.M.MISCELLANY. The Liberty of the Subject from the Legal and Medical Aspect. By Lionel A. Weatherly, M.D.MISCELLANY. Sudden Death. By Gerald Slot, M.D., M.R.C.P., D.P.H. A very interesting catalogue of post‐mortem findings.MISCELLANY. Abortion: Some Medical, Legal and Sociological Points. By L. A. Parry, M.D., B.S., F.R.C.S.MISCELLANY. The Gynaecologist in the Law Courts. By J. Bright Banister, M.B., F.R.C.S.MISCELLANY. Some Disadvantages of Medical Evidence on Venereal Diseases, to the Public Health and the Administration of Justice. By Lt.‐Col. L. W. Harrison, D.S.O., M.B.MISCELLANY. Should the Criminologist be Encouraged? By Alexander Paterson.MISCELLANY. The Medico‐Legal and Criminological Review: incorporating the Transactions of the Medico‐Legal Society. Vol. I., Part I. January, 1933.MISCELLANY. Medico‐Legal Practice. By Sir John Collie, C.M.G., M.D.MISCELLANY. The Medico‐Legal Significance of Impotence in the Male and in the Female. By Frederick J. McCann, M.D., F.R.C.S.