Suchergebnisse

Introduction. The modern development of Ukrainian society is characterized by the active implementation of reforms in the social sphere. Changes in standards in higher education, physical culture and sport directly affect students' youth. Modern requirements for physical education and sports require the full functioning of sports clubs of higher education institutions. The sports club becomes the main element of the organizational structure of student sport. Information basis of strategic management of organizations. The goal is to identify and systematize the environmental factors affecting the effectiveness of the functioning of sports clubs of institutions of higher education. Methods. Theoretical analysis and generalization of data of scientific and methodical literature and sources of Internet, analysis of documentary materials, questioning of 14 experts of higher qualification in the field of student sport. Results. The systematization of environmental factors was carried out according to the theory of management and marketing. The subject of the study, given that the macroenvironment, usually, does not have a specific character in relation to a single subject and has a general effect on the organization of any orientation, was limited to the sphere of physical culture and sports. Within these limits, the environment of the sports club was divided into basic general factors of the sphere of physical culture and sport, specific factors of student sports and physical education of students, factors of the environment of sports clubs in institutions of higher education. In each group, the factors are divided into political, economic, social, technological and international. Conclusions. A holistic view of the environment of sports clubs of institutions of higher education has been formed.

UK: У даній статті досліджено історію визначення та становлення категорій «інституціональне середовище», «інституціональна структура», «інституціональні чинники». Визначено основні складові інституціонального середовища та іх вплив на сталий розвиток. За допомогою попередніх теоретичних досліджень та встановлених стверджень категорії сталого розвитку, сформовано уніфіковане визначення інституціонального середовища сталого розвитку. EN: The primary objective of this work is to describe determination of the incorporated category institutional environment of sustainable development and to define her basic constituents. Research results. In history research of economic sciences was carried out many fundamental openings and statements concerning a institutional study of theory and institutional environment. From other side of research of con-stancy occupy in economic literature and supervisions also a ponderable enough value. However, the empiricist data of two researche directions is low studied and described in literature. The study of institutional environment of sustaina-ble development will enable more wider to understand the problem of constancy, find the factors of her influence and find the ways of effective increase.

UK: У даній статті досліджено історію визначення та становлення категорій «інституціональне середовище», «інституціональна структура», «інституціональні чинники». Визначено основні складові інституціонального середовища та іх вплив на сталий розвиток. За допомогою попередніх теоретичних досліджень та встановлених стверджень категорії сталого розвитку, сформовано уніфіковане визначення інституціонального середовища сталого розвитку. EN: Problem definition. The primary objective of this work is to describe determination of the incorporated category institutional environment of sustainable development and to define her basic constituents. Research results. In history research of economic sciences was carried out many fundamental openings and statements concerning a institutional study of theory and institutional environment. From other side of research of constancy occupy in economic literature and supervisions also a ponderable enough value. However, the empiricist data of two researche directions is low studied and described in literature. The study of institutional environment of sustainable development will enable more wider to understand the problem of constancy, find the factors of her influence and Conclusions. Taking into account foregoing and previous theoretical researches of becoming the sustainable development category, by us compatible determination of institutional environment of steady development, which is the aggregate of formal laws, rules and procedures and informal agreements, customs and norms, which predetermine possibilities and form limitation in socio-economic activity and conduct of the systems and institutes, which are sent to strengthening of competitive edges, achievement on the basis of technological innovations, providing of possibility for assortment increasing of products and services, productive cost cutting, and also ability to resist to the internal and external economic, social, ecological, natural and climatic, financial factors, was formed, to adapt oneself to the variable terms of production, keeping or improving an initial equilibrium. The state here is the special form of organization of society, which forms laws, governed and procedures and submits them, will realize them by means of the institutes.

Розглядаються проблеми суспільної значимості формування якісних характеристик лідера у вимірі цивілізаційного й національного розвитку. Аналізуються соціально-педагогічні, політичні, етичні, культурологічні аспекти взаємовпливів середовища, особистості, освітніх систем в контексті творення явища лідерства. ; The problems of social significance of the leaders' qualitative formation characteristics in the framework of civilization and national development are considered. The social and pedagogical, political, ethical, cultural aspects of interactions of the environment, personality and educational systems in the context of leadership phenomenon creation are analyzed.

The transformation of the economy of Ukraine predetermines the need for comprehensive analysis of its impact on the areas of economic activity because the depth of transformation processes has significant differences. In this regard especially important is innovation environment, on the development of which the competitiveness of the national economy largely depends, as well as the pace and quality of economic development. The analysis of the features of the transformational changes in the environment, especially in the innovation sector, is particularly relevant under conditions of global competition. The aim of the article is to study the development of global innovation environment, development and scientific substantiation of directions ensuring national innovation competitive advantages, to identify opportunities to use integration processes to enhance international innovation investment cooperation. To achieve this aim we applied the following methods: abstract–logical, structurally–logical, comparative and statistical. Peculiarities of innovation development in Ukraine under conditions of growing global competition were examined. We studied transformational changes in the development of investment and innovation environment in Ukraine, which made it possible to determine the real state of its innovation appeal. The innovative development was considered as self–reproductive basis for the formation of new patterns of economic dynamics, modernization of the national economy, technological convergence of Ukraine into global economic space, maintaining intellectual potential. The study of the transformation of innovative development and market transformation efficiency of social production showed that the innovation attractiveness of Ukraine is significantly affected not only by the general state of the national economy but by the conditions of business activities. The practical value of the research is in the fact that the implementation of the formulated strategic objectives in the innovation field will allow the national economy to solve the problem of substantial growth of the gross domestic product, to improve investment attractiveness, to create conditions for the development of existing and for attracting new companies, to create new sectors of the economy in the field of small and medium sized innovative businesses, to form the clusters of innovative enterprises, to ensure integration of science, government and business. The issues of the transformation of innovative development will require further detailed study in the context of overcoming the crisis of competitiveness of the national economy, market transformations for the efficiency of social production.

Human activities have a very strong impact on the environment and this impact is increasing every year. The negative consequences of anthropogenic activity prevail over the positive ones, which leads to environmental degradation. At the same time, the impact on the environment is carried out indirectly, due to factors of air pollution, water resources, soils. Therefore, in addition to constant monitoring of the state of the environment, it is very important to control the amount of anthropogenic impact; monitor which components of the environment suffer from it the most; make appropriate administrative decisions. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for integrated assessment of anthropogenic impact on the environment. Methodology. The methodology is based on the European approach to environmental assessment, namely, the UNECE recommendations on environmental monitoring and assessment. The scientific novelty is to develop a set of environmental indicators that allows you to fully and reliably take into account the anthropogenic impact on the environment; mathematical apparatus for evaluation (the mechanism of ranking the components of the methodology, the calculation of the contribution of each component in the overall assessment). Conclusions. The methodology is developed in accordance with the principles of sustainable development and European legislation. It can be used to make correct management decisions, ranking the regions of Ukraine by the level of manmade load, informing the public about the quality of the environment in their region and in Ukraine as a whole. This will become especially relevant after the end of martial law in Ukraine, when the "peaceful" anthropogenic impacts on the environment will be compounded by the effects of ecosystem destruction caused by hostilities in certain areas. ; Людська діяльність дуже сильно впливає на стан довкілля і цей вплив збільшується з кожним роком. Негативні наслідки антропогенної діяльності превалюють над позитивними, що призводить до деградації ...

The article presents the training program (for personality-oriented training) developing psychological qualities and personal resources of students' self-realization in the integrated educational environment: psychological hardiness, value-semantic and motivational resources (meaningfulness of life, motives for self-development, values of self-realization, time perspective); resources of self-regulation (self-attitude, self-efficacy, autonomy); active coping strategies. The study purpose was to reveal the content of the training program promoting students' self-realization in the integrated educational environment and the features of its implementation.
The correlation analysis was used to identify links among the components of self-realization of students with disabilities and their personal characteristics – self-attitudes, life values and meanings, basic beliefs, psychological hardiness, time perspective, used coping strategies. The comprehensive empirical study involved 325 students with disabilities and 225 students without disabilities studying in integrated university groups (Kyiv). The targets for psychological influence and meaningful parts of the proposed training promoting self-realization were identified. The training program was a personality-oriented training and included a set of psychological techniques and methods promoting continuous personal growth, activating psychological mechanisms of self-development, self-improvement, self-activation and self-realization of potential capabilities. The training program was developed on the principles of humanistic and positive psychology; the proactive conceptual model of disability; the resource-oriented approach used in psychological counselling and psychotherapy; the concept of self-determined behaviour. The purpose of the proposed training program was to promote students' self-realization via development of their psychological qualities and personal resources: psychological hardiness, value-semantic and motivational resources (meaningfulness of life, motives for self-development, values of self-realization, time perspective); resources of self-regulation (self-attitude, self-efficacy, autonomy); active coping strategies. The training program was based on self-realization components selected by us and consisted of three meaningfully related parts: «I and my inner world» (psychological resources of personal self-realization) including three modules; «I and the Other» (social resources of personal self-realization) with two modules; «I am in the World and Life» (instrumental resources maintaining life quality and psychological well-being) with two modules.
Approbation of the program has showed its high efficiency. The analysed components of students' self-realization – psychological hardiness, self-attitude, self-acceptance, meaningful life goals, active coping – showed their significant growth, and as a consequence, improved students' psychological well-being.

Actuality. The technology of socio-cultural design has got a wide range of applications to every segment of the internationalization of the state in which we live. The study of issues relates to activities in the field of development of national minorities and communities in Ukraine which takes a lot of time since the Independence adoption in Ukraine. Multilateralism and multiculturalism in Ukraine make it possible to offer us a new system of activity and development in the cultural sector and bring the state's cultural policy to a new level. Purpose and methods. The aim of the article is to develop a system of management and organizational complex of socio-cultural design in the internal environment of activities of national minorities. The methodology of the research is based on the principle of cultural-historical and analytical approaches, which allow to highlight the socio-cultural process of the environment of national minorities in Ukraine. Used methods: evolutionary, comparativehistorical, functional. Results. The main results of the study are to identify the peculiarities and specifics of the formation of the system of socio-cultural design of Ukraine in the context of the development and activities of national minorities in Ukraine. Conclusions and discussion. The scientific novelty of the results is to highlight the main issues of governance in Ukraine's national minorities and how to deal with them. The proposed set of management measures will allow for the settlement and control free project activities in the socio-cultural sphere at the state and regional levels, the settlement and establishment of the legislative and regulatory framework of Ukraine on issues of development and activity of national minorities and improvement of conditions for their life.

The subject of the study is a set of methods of state regulation of investments in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to analyze the methods of state regulation of investment in the agricultural sector. Research methods. The monographic method, analysis, method of comparison and generalization of data are used in the work. Results of work. The article describes the creation of favorable conditions for attracting foreign investment in agriculture includes political and macroeconomic stability, reform of institutions, reconstruction of the public sector, elimination of monopolies, reduction of public spending and increased investment in infrastructure, economy and agriculture, and development of financial instruments . Field of application. State regulation of the economy, agricultural sector. Conclusions. The results of the study suggest that credit support for agriculture in Ukraine and other CEE countries is insufficient and does not stimulate not only the development of the agricultural sector but also investment. Therefore, countries need more investment to ensure a competitive approach to entering international markets for agricultural products.

The article considers the impact of technological innovations, new knowledge and dimensions of extraterritorial branching and decentralization of relations in the international economy on the development of small and medium enterprises in Ukraine. The urgency of the topic is due to the need to move to a new technological regime and modify political, social, technological and economic catalysts that raise Ukraine's task of rapid adaptation to global structural changes, in which digitalization is a key megatrend. The issue of stimulating the business sector in the context of «digital inequality» within the state is one of the global threats to economic growth in the information age, which leads to the accumulation of critical risks for the national business sector. The object of research is the development of small and medium business in the need for state incentives for the integration of information technology in all areas of entrepreneurship, as a driver of economic growth, economic and social reforms, investing in digital technology to streamline public services, reduce corruption, increasing the transparency of state supervision and control, promoting the development of digital business skills and increasing competition, which weakens the level of concentration of monopolies in the market, building a network of roads and infrastructure. The aim of the study is to identify key trends in business development, public policy priorities to accelerate digital transformation to support entrepreneurship in Ukraine and areas of implementation of information technology in all areas of business and public relations. Research methodology involves the use of methods of empirical research (observation, comparison, description), theoretical knowledge (formalization) and general research methods (analysis, systems approach, statistical methods). The practical results of the study should be considered to determine the current priorities of public policy to accelerate digital transformations to support entrepreneurship in ...

The article examines the issues of legal protection of copyright objects in the digital environment. The analysis of the current legislation concerning the legal regulation of these relations is done. The tendencies of copyright with the consideration of development of digital technologies are analyzed.The author reveals that the development of social relations far outstrips the legislation regulating the relations regarding the acquisition, implementation and protection of intellectual property rights in the digital environment in general, and copyright in particular.The author concludes that the development of digital technologies predetermines certain peculiarities in the acquisition and implementation of copyright in the digital environment, including the possibility of rapid digitization of copyright objects, the existence of individual objects of copyright exclusively in digital form (computer programs, video games, electronic databases, etc.), the rapid transfer of information (which in its essence usually contains objects of copyright) through the Internet.It is substantiated that in the digital environment the following objects of copyright can be used: a website as an original comprehensive work; written works, oral works (in the form of video files), the content of the website; computer programs and other software (including the internal technical basis of the website); images, drawings, including web design; musical works; audiovisual works, including video games, films.The characteristics of digital technology are the following: ease of replication (copying), ease of transmission and multiply use, plasticity of digital media (it is easy to modify, enhance and adopt the works in digital form), equivalence of work in digital form (it's easy to combine digital works) into new products such as multimedia, the merger (convergence) of media, technologies etc., compactness of works in digital form (for example, a whole library can be stored in a flash memory), new search and link compabilities (it's easy to link and to find information), sometimes there is no human author, so it may be computer-generated works, or work created with the aid of computer.It is proved that web design (web site interface, other devices) is the subject of intellectual property rights and it's used in a digital environment. It may be protected as a copyright object (image), as an object of patent law (industrial sample), or as a trademark («Trade Dress Protection»). ; Досліджено проблемні питання щодо правової охорони об'єктів авторського права у цифровому середовищі. Проаналізовано чинне законодавство щодо правового регулю­вання цих відносин. Проаналізовано тенденції авторського права з урахуванням розвитку цифрових технологій. З'ясовано, що розвиток суспільних відносин значно випереджає законодавство, яке врегульовує відносини щодо набуття, здійснення та захисту прав інтелектуальної власності в цифровому середовищі загалом, та авторських прав зокрема. Зроблено висновки про те, що розвиток цифрових технологій зумовлює певні особливості щодо набуття та здійснення авторських прав у цифровому середовищі, серед яких мож­ливість швидкого оцифрування об'єктів авторського права, існування окремих об'єктів авторського права винятково у цифровому вигляді (комп'ютерні програми, відеоігри, електронні бази даних тощо), швидке передання інформації (яка за своєю суттю зазвичай містить об'єкти авторського права) через мережу Інтернет. Обґрунтовано, що у цифровому середовищі можуть використовуватися такі об'єкти авторського права: веб-сайт як оригі­нальний комплексний твір; письмові твори, усні твори (у вигляді відеофайлів), тобто контент веб-сайту; комп'ютерні програми та інше програмне забезпечення (в тому числі як внутрішня технічна основа веб-сайту); зображення, малюнки, в тому числі веб-дизайн; музичні твори; аудіовізуальні твори, в тому числі відеоігри, фільми. Доведено, що веб-дизайн (інтерфейс веб-сайту, інших пристроїв) є об'єктом права інтелектуальної власності, який використовується в цифровому середовищі, та може охоронятися як об'єкт авторсь­кого права (зображення), як об'єкт патентного права (промисловий зразок) або як торго­вельна марка («Trade Dress Protection»).

Artykuł podejmuje problematykę zwolnień pracowników przedsiębiorstw, która zyskuje na znaczeniu wraz z utrzymywaniem się globalnego kryzysu gospodarczego na początku XXI wieku. Kryzys prowadzi do dynamicznych zmian w otoczeniu organizacji i w wielu przypadkach wymusza decyzje o podjęciu działań restrukturyzacyjnych. Restrukturyzacja przedsiębiorstw może obejmować zarówno ograniczenie kosztów prowadzenia działalności, modernizację procesów produkcji i świadczenia usług, zmianę rynków i partnerów biznesowych, jak również racjonalizację zatrudnienia. Zmiany w strukturze zatrudnienia mogą prowadzić do kształtowania nowych, bardziej elastycznych relacji z pracownikami. W tym kontekście outplacement jako koncepcja odpowiedzialnego zarządzania zwolnieniami pracowników umożliwia zarówno złagodzenie negatywnych skutków utraty pracy i skrócenie okresu bezrobocia, jak też ochronę kompetencji istotnych przedsiębiorstwa. Opracowanie w oparciu o krytyczną analizę literatury przedmiotu przybliża: przesłanki do outplacementu jakimi są negatywne efekty redukcji zatrudnienia w organizacji, stereotypowe i racjonalne kryteria zwolnień pracowników oraz koncepcję kompetencji kluczowych i ich ochrony.

This article outlines the social approach of meeting the challenges of energy policy in Poland in the context of potential shale gas extraction, focused on social perception and environmental protection policy. While Poland holds promising shale gas resources, the state of current technology indicates that shale gas exploitation is not imminent. However, shale deposits are still considered a potential future resource that could play a central role in diversifying energy sources, developing the economy, and potentially increasing the country's energy security. This paper presents energy opportunities of Poland, a review of Polish society opinion about energy and environment security. This study shows that Polish society sees a connection between energy, environment and policy problems, as well as potential benefits in the context of shale gas, based on research results of various institutions, including the European Commission. The author draws attention to tasks before the economic exploitation of shale gas in order to optimizing socio-economic benefits, and short- and long-term impacts. Since we are a common Europe, a common space for people, we can create an energy policy. It is the way the topic of energy diversification opportunities in Poland and the building of consistent energy and environmental protection policy is still an important issue to discuss in humanistic and economic fields. ; W niniejszym artykule nakreślono społeczne podejście do wyzwań polityki energetycznej w Polsce w kontekście potencjalnego wydobycia gazu łupkowego, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem percepcji społecznej i polityki ochrony środowiska. Chociaż Polska posiada obiecujące zasoby gazu łupkowego, stan obecnej technologii wskazuje, że eksploatacja tego surowca nie jest bliska. Jednak złoża łupków są nadal uważane za potencjalny przyszły zasób, który mógłby odegrać kluczową rolę w dywersyfikacji źródeł energii i rozwoju gospodarczym oraz potencjalnym zwiększeniu bezpieczeństwa energetycznego kraju. W artykule przedstawiono możliwości energetyczne Polski, przegląd opinii polskiego społeczeństwa na temat bezpieczeństwa energetycznego i ochrony środowiskowego. Z badania różnych instytucji, w tym Komisji Europejskiej wynika, że społeczeństwo polskie widzi związek między problemami energetycznymi, środowiskowymi i politycznymi, a także potencjalnymi korzyściami w kontekście gazu łupkowego. Autorka zwraca uwagę na zadania stojące przed ekonomiczną eksploatacją gazu łupkowego w celu optymalizacji korzyści społeczno-ekonomicznych oraz oddziaływań krótko i długoterminowych. Jako że jesteśmy wspólną Europą, wspólną przestrzenią dla ludzi, możemy wspólnie kształtować politykę energetyczną i środowiskową. Stąd podjęty w `niniejszym artykule temat pozostaje ważną kwestią do dyskusji.