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Studies on spatiotemporal pattern of population abundance predict that close populations should exhibit a high level of synchrony, reflected in a parallel time variation of at least one demographic parameter. We tested this prediction for two threatened species of Procellariiformes sharing similar life history traits: the European Storm Petrel (Hydrobates pelagicus) and the Balearic Shearwater (Puffinus mauretanicus). Within each species, we compared adult survival, proportion of transients (breeders that do not settle), and average productivity at two neighboring colonies. Physical and environmental features (e.g., food availability) of the breeding sites were similar. However, while Balearic Shearwater colonies were free of predators, aerial predators occurred especially in one colony of the European Storm Petrel. Despite this difference, we found similar results for the two species. A high proportion of transient birds was detected in only one colony of each species, ranging between 0.00-0.38 and 0.10-0.63 for the petrels and shearwaters, respectively. This seems to be an emergent feature of spatially structured populations of seabirds, unrelated to colony size or predator pressure, that can have important demographic consequences for local population dynamics and their synchrony. Local survival of resident birds was different at each colony, an unexpected result, especially for predator-free colonies of Balearic Shearwater. Productivity varied between the two colonies of European Storm Petrels, but not between the two colonies of Balearic Shearwaters. We demonstrated that within each species, several demographic parameters were colony specific and sufficiently different to generate short-term asynchronous dynamics. Our findings suggest that, in spatially structured populations, local factors, such as predation or small-scale habitat features, or population factors, such as individual quality or age structure, can generate unexpected asynchrony between neighboring populations. © 2008 by the Ecological Society of America. ; The study has been partially funded by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology (ref. BOS2003-01960 and CGL2006-04325/BOS), the Balearic Government, and the European Commission (LIFE Program and DISCBIRD project) ; Peer Reviewed

In her writings, Terry Tempest Williams repeatedly invites us as readers into engagement and conversation with both her and her subject matter, whether it is nature or society, environment or art. From her evocation, in Desert Quartet: An Erotic Landscape, of an eroticism of place that defines erotic as "in relation," to the spiritual connectivity and familial bonds she explores in Refuge: An Unnatural History of Family and Place and the political engagement she urges in The Open Space of Democracy, much of her work is about relationship, connection, and community. Like much good writing, her books invite readers into thoughtful dialogue with the text. Frequently in demand for workshops, lectures, and other speaking venues and well known as an environmental activist, Williams has a public persona and voice almost indistinguishable from her written ones. Thus, the interviews she has often granted--in print, on the radio, on the Web--seamlessly elaborate the ideas and extend the explorations of her written texts. They also tell us much about the genesis, context, and intent of her books. With her distinctive, impassioned voice and familiar felicity of language, she talks about wilderness and wildlife, place and eroticism, art and literature, democracy and politics, family and heritage, Mormonism and religion, writing and creativity, and other subjects that engage her agile mind. The set of interviews gathered and introduced by Michael Austin in A Voice in the Wilderness represent the span of Terry Tempest Williams's career as a naturalist, author, and activist. Michael Austin, professor of English and dean of graduate studies at Shepherd University began collecting Williams's interviews after realizing "that the conversational style of the literary interview is better suited to Terry Tempest Williams than to almost any other writer alive. Throughout her career, she has been engaged in conversations with herself, with her family, with her culture--and, perhaps most importantly, with the land." He shares and introduces a delicious sample of her conversations in A Voice in the Wilderness. ; https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/usupress_pubs/1110/thumbnail.jpg

The notion that tribal peoples are destructive of the forest environment is not a new one. The political struggles that fostered it are only just beginning to engage the attention of historians. This essay is a preliminary exploration of the experience of the indigenous minorities—the Orang Asli—of peninsular Malaysia during the period of colonial rule. It examines their relationship to the society outside the forest. The politics of the forest it addresses are not narrowly environmental. Indeed, what follows is based on the assumption that the relationship of the aborigines to their environment was transformed, not so much by the changing ecological conditions of the forest as the colonial economy expanded, but by the changing political circumstances of the frontier as the Orang Asli were drawn into a widening orbit of relations with external powers. 'Orang Asli' means literally 'original people'. It is a polite term that took on a legal status from the 1950s. Before then, in common parlance, the aborigines were 'Sakai'—a derogatory term synonymous with 'slave'. The term Orang Asli encompasses three basic types of communities: the Negritos, nomadic hunters and gatherers of the northern forests; the Senoi —whose two main subdivisions, the Temiar and the Semai, together make up the larger part of the Orang Asli population of the central highlands, following more settled forms of swidden agriculture; and the proto-Malays of the south, fishermen and cultivators with a more similar economy to neighbouring Malays.1Their shared history has become an issue of great sensitivity in modern Malaysia, and Malaysian politicians have in recent years bitterly questioned the legitimacy of western criticism of the present circumstances of the Orang Asli. To explain why this is so, I want to examine the preoccupations of British administration during the period when it was trustee of the forests of the peninsula and directly responsible for the welfare of their inhabitants. Three themes dominate the discussion that follows.

The new elements in the moral, intellectual, & religious atmosphere which came to pervade the US during the decade of the 1960's are explored. It is seen that these elements explain why the US found itself in revolutionary circumstances at that particular time. The most widely publicized aspect of the decade's religious history was the emergence of a radical movement in theology & ethics. The over-all ecclesiastical situation has also been profoundly altered, for Protestants, Catholics, & Jews alike. Many ancient modes of thinking were being altered in the 1960's. The changes seem to involve a deep shift in the presuppositional substructures of the Amer mind. They can be designated as metaphysical, moral, & soc: (1) a growing attachment to naturalism or 'secularism' that makes people suspicious of anything supernatural; (2) a creeping (or galloping) awareness of vast contradictions in US life between profession & performance, the ideal & the actual; & (3) increasing doubt re the capacity of present-day ecclesiastical, pol'al, soc, & educ'al instit's to rectify these contradictions. The reasons for these new positions are traced to the impact of sci, relativism & technology which began to be felt already in the 19th cent, & to the state of 'puritanical legalism' in the US which tended to be oblivious to the intellectual revolutions of the modern world. 5 catalysts propelled these changes: (i) The long-developing problems of unregulated Ur growth began to create environmental problems with which US pol'al & fiscal practices could not cope. (ii) Technological developments in agriculture & industry produced migrations of people that led the nat'l electorate to repudiate many of those arrangements that had long maintained the Protestant establishment & the WASP ascendancy in US life. (iii) Rapid technological & sci'fic advancements contributed another vital dimension to the nat'l mood. Their impact was enormously increased by sensational accomplishments that aroused the popular imagination (eg, the manned trip to the moon). (iv) The Cuban missile crisis, continued nuclear testing, attempts to achieve internat'l control of nuclear armaments seemed to underline the tentativity of mankind's earthly existence. (v) The drastic escalation of the war in Vietnam prevented an effective coping with the nation's problems of poverty & Ur dislocation. Modified HA.

Ana Mendieta was a Cuban-born American artist whose unique body of work incorporated performance, activism, Earth art, installation, and the Afro-Cuban practices of Santer�a. She began her career at the University of Iowa, were she initially received her degree in painting in 1969. It was not until 1972 that Mendieta shifted radically to performance art. Though she was raised Catholic, she developed an interest in the rituals involved with Santer�a, a culturally predominant Cuban religion, and it deeply influenced her work in her choice of materials and settings. Santer�a is one of the major faith-based lifestyles of Cuba and is characterized by a synthesis of Afro-Cuban and Catholic characteristics, along with its own unique teachings and rituals. Also a prominent theme in Mendieta�s work was her sense of displacement and her insatiable desire to reconcile her Cuban heritage, which she attempts to resolve, not only through her art, but also during several trips to Cuba. Greater still in its contribution of influence to Mendieta�s work was the ecofeminist movement which amalgamated elements of the feminist and environmental movements; Ecofeminism�s emergence in the United States coincided with the rise of Mendieta�s career during the 1970�s. The movement focused on the correlation between the oppression, degradation, and exploitation of women and the oppression, degradation, and exploitation of the Earth. This thesis examines the life of Ana Mendieta and analyzes how her works may be viewed in an ecofeminist context. It analyzes how Mendieta�s work acts as a reflection of her cultural, social, and political reality and discusses ways in which characteristics of Santer�a and ecofeminism as a discourse influenced the imagery and symbolism used in Mendieta�s artwork throughout her brief career. Formal analysis of Mendieta�s artwork and contextual and historical analysis of Mendieta�s life, the ecofeminist discourse, and Afro-Cuban spirituality are explored in this research. ; 2016-05-01 ; B.A. ; College of Arts and Humanities, Art History ; Bachelors ; This record was generated from author submitted information.

International audience Background. Social scientists have suggested that cultural diversity in a nation leads to societal instability. However, societal instability may be affected not only by within-nation or alpha diversity, but also diversity between a nation and its neighbours or beta diversity. It is also necessary to distinguish different domains of diversity, namely linguistic, ethnic and religious, and to distinguish between the direct effects of diversity on societal instability, and effects that are mediated by economic conditions. Methodology/Principal Findings. We assembled a large cross-national dataset with information on alpha and beta cultural diversity, economic conditions, and indices of societal instability. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of cultural diversity on economics and societal stability. Results show that different types and domains of diversity have interacting effects. As previously documented, linguistic alpha diversity has a negative effect on economic performance, and we show that it is largely through this economic mechanism that it affects societal instability. For beta diversity, the higher the linguistic diversity among nations in a region, the less stable the nation. But, religious beta diversity has the opposite effect, reducing instability, particularly in the presence of high linguistic diversity. Conclusions. Within-nation linguistic diversity is associated with reduced economic performance, which, in turn, increases societal instability. Nations which differ linguistically from their neighbors are also less stable. However, religious diversity between neighboring nations has the opposite effect, decreasing societal instability.

Can friendship as a political practice offer enough traction to imagine a borderless world? The startling contemporary rise in aggressive ethno-nationalism and end-times ecological crises have the same root: an inability to be together with humans as much as the natural world. Matt Hern and Am Johal suggest that porous renditions of being-together animated by friendship can spark a repoliticization of the political to surpass the foreclosures of the state, speak to a freedom of movement, and find renovated relationships with the more-than-human. This volume includes interviews with Jean-Luc Nancy, Leela Gandhi and Leanne Simpson.

This volume confronts the popular conjecture of a Pax Sinica emerging to replace Pax Americana in the wake of global financial crisis. It argues that by virtue of its overwhelming economic, technological, and military clout, US hegemony will continue to prevail as China's ascendance as a global power accelerates.

International audience ; Quels sont les objectifs, les revendications et les modes d'action des militants d'Extinction Rebellion ? Le mouvement se distingue par sa vocation pédagogique et son ambition démocratique, qui constituent à la fois ses forces et ses limites.

International audience ; Quels sont les objectifs, les revendications et les modes d'action des militants d'Extinction Rebellion ? Le mouvement se distingue par sa vocation pédagogique et son ambition démocratique, qui constituent à la fois ses forces et ses limites.

International audience ; Since 1800s, numerous wars have impacted the cities of Iran. Regarding the urban artwork in Tehran, the capital of Iran, the following question comes to mind: What approach has the urban artwork adopted to represent the war and its related concepts? Adopting a documentary research approach and investigating the concept of war in different eras, this paper attempts to study the sculptures in urban spaces as documents. Based on the books and historical documents, a total of 192 sculptures, which were built from the Qajar dynasty to 2016 have been examined in this study. During the Qajar dynasty, the governments have used sculptures, especially the ones placed in city squares, to demonstrate their power. After the Constitutional Revolution, figures denoting concepts of justice and freedom became pervasive in the squares up until the end of the Pahlavi dynasty. After the Islamic Revolution, the Iran-Iraq war has been called Sacred Defense and the goal of creating statues has been changed to express revolutionary and ideological concepts. Figurative sculptures and busts have been made as a tribute to the martyrs of the Iran-Iraq war. KEYWORDS Sculpture | Urban art | War | Urban space | Tehran

International audience ; Since 1800s, numerous wars have impacted the cities of Iran. Regarding the urban artwork in Tehran, the capital of Iran, the following question comes to mind: What approach has the urban artwork adopted to represent the war and its related concepts? Adopting a documentary research approach and investigating the concept of war in different eras, this paper attempts to study the sculptures in urban spaces as documents. Based on the books and historical documents, a total of 192 sculptures, which were built from the Qajar dynasty to 2016 have been examined in this study. During the Qajar dynasty, the governments have used sculptures, especially the ones placed in city squares, to demonstrate their power. After the Constitutional Revolution, figures denoting concepts of justice and freedom became pervasive in the squares up until the end of the Pahlavi dynasty. After the Islamic Revolution, the Iran-Iraq war has been called Sacred Defense and the goal of creating statues has been changed to express revolutionary and ideological concepts. Figurative sculptures and busts have been made as a tribute to the martyrs of the Iran-Iraq war. KEYWORDS Sculpture | Urban art | War | Urban space | Tehran

International audience ; Since 1800s, numerous wars have impacted the cities of Iran. Regarding the urban artwork in Tehran, the capital of Iran, the following question comes to mind: What approach has the urban artwork adopted to represent the war and its related concepts? Adopting a documentary research approach and investigating the concept of war in different eras, this paper attempts to study the sculptures in urban spaces as documents. Based on the books and historical documents, a total of 192 sculptures, which were built from the Qajar dynasty to 2016 have been examined in this study. During the Qajar dynasty, the governments have used sculptures, especially the ones placed in city squares, to demonstrate their power. After the Constitutional Revolution, figures denoting concepts of justice and freedom became pervasive in the squares up until the end of the Pahlavi dynasty. After the Islamic Revolution, the Iran-Iraq war has been called Sacred Defense and the goal of creating statues has been changed to express revolutionary and ideological concepts. Figurative sculptures and busts have been made as a tribute to the martyrs of the Iran-Iraq war. KEYWORDS Sculpture | Urban art | War | Urban space | Tehran

National audience ; What role can the visual arts play in the politicization of ecological issues? Is it possible that they can carry counter-cultural imaginaries likely to allow discussions on the organization of the human ecosystem in the global ecosystem and to make emerge new practices? In other words, can they support speech (lexis) and action (praxis) in common for the common good? The purpose of this paper is to present a research-creation device supported by the Plastic Arts Department that questions ecological imaginaries. ; Quel rôle les Arts plastiques peuvent-ils jouer dans la politisation des questions écologiques ? Est-il possible qu'ils puissent porter des imaginaires contre-culturels susceptibles de permettre des discussions sur l'organisation de l'écosystème humain dans l'écosystème global et faire émerger de nouvelles pratiques ? En d'autres termes peuvent-ils soutenir la parole (lexis) et l'action (praxis) en commun pour le bien commun ? L'objet de cette communication est de présenter un dispositif de recherche création soutenu par le département Arts plastiques qui questionne les imaginaires écologiques.

International audience ; Since 1800s, numerous wars have impacted the cities of Iran. Regarding the urban artwork in Tehran, the capital of Iran, the following question comes to mind: What approach has the urban artwork adopted to represent the war and its related concepts? Adopting a documentary research approach and investigating the concept of war in different eras, this paper attempts to study the sculptures in urban spaces as documents. Based on the books and historical documents, a total of 192 sculptures, which were built from the Qajar dynasty to 2016 have been examined in this study. During the Qajar dynasty, the governments have used sculptures, especially the ones placed in city squares, to demonstrate their power. After the Constitutional Revolution, figures denoting concepts of justice and freedom became pervasive in the squares up until the end of the Pahlavi dynasty. After the Islamic Revolution, the Iran-Iraq war has been called Sacred Defense and the goal of creating statues has been changed to express revolutionary and ideological concepts. Figurative sculptures and busts have been made as a tribute to the martyrs of the Iran-Iraq war. KEYWORDS Sculpture | Urban art | War | Urban space | Tehran