Suchergebnisse

Damage prevention and remedying system is regulated by legislation of European Union and Lithuania, however, administration of this system by the level of local self-governance is not investigated, clear or known enough. Instruments of environmental damage prevention are widely analyzed in Literature by both, Lithuanian and abroad authors: R. Bereišaitė (2010), C. Miguel ir B. Manzano (2011), B. Xia, Y. Li (2012), G. Juozapaitienė (2012), A. Butvilaitė, A. Miceikienė, V. Čiulevičienė (2014), R. Zubrickaitė (2014), V. Butkuvienė, I. Leibus (2015), J. Backhouse (2017), A. Galnaitytė, I. Kriščiukaitienė (2017). Instruments of environmental damage remedying are analyzed in literature more rarely: M. Staniūnas (2013), A. Junevičius, A. Balžekienė, J. Persson, J. Jurkevičienė (2016), P. Mierauskas, A. Palaima (2016), Biermann (2017). Guidelines of administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is not widely analyzed in Lithuania, thus, it can be stated, that this research is new. Object of the project – Administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system of Kaunas city municipality. Aim of the project – to examine the administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system of Kaunas city municipality. Tasks of the project: to scrutinize theoretical aspects of environmental damage prevention and remedying system; to perform the analysis of environmental management and environmental regulation at the level of European Union and Lithuania; to carry out an interview of experts and to analyze how the administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system is carried out in Kaunas city municipality. This project consists of introduction, three parts, conclusions, recommendations, literature, sources and appendixes. First part of the project analyzes the concept of environmental damage, instruments of environmental damage prevention and remedying system are studied, application of the new public management theory at the local level of environmental administration is discussed. The second part of the project is dealing with environmental administration of European Union at the national and local levels, also the environmental damage prevention, regulation of remedying and responsibility in legal documents are analyzed. The third part of the project investigates administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level: institutional structure inside of Kaunas city municipality's territory is analyzed; environmental documents, which are allowed at the local level, are researched, as well as the semi-structured interview is conducted. After accomplishing this research, it got clear that environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is administered by Kaunas city municipality, Kaunas Environmental Protection Department, The Environmental Protection Agency. The environmental sphere of this institution is administered by combining national legislation and by offering changes. Kaunas city municipality prepares legal documents, which regulate environmental sphere at the local level: waste management, distribution of funds, protection of plantations, air, water, biodiversity. After analyzing the answers of experts it got clear that environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is administered by applying instruments, discussed in the theory. According to experts, the most effective instruments – monitoring and Plantation Felling Permits. EIA, permits of pollution and financial sanctions have disadvantages, and the principle "the polluter pays" as well as the implementation of environmental compensation is difficult or impossible. According to experts, society and institutions of public sectors are involved into management of environmental protection, however, sometimes this is hindered by the lack of awareness.

Damage prevention and remedying system is regulated by legislation of European Union and Lithuania, however, administration of this system by the level of local self-governance is not investigated, clear or known enough. Instruments of environmental damage prevention are widely analyzed in Literature by both, Lithuanian and abroad authors: R. Bereišaitė (2010), C. Miguel ir B. Manzano (2011), B. Xia, Y. Li (2012), G. Juozapaitienė (2012), A. Butvilaitė, A. Miceikienė, V. Čiulevičienė (2014), R. Zubrickaitė (2014), V. Butkuvienė, I. Leibus (2015), J. Backhouse (2017), A. Galnaitytė, I. Kriščiukaitienė (2017). Instruments of environmental damage remedying are analyzed in literature more rarely: M. Staniūnas (2013), A. Junevičius, A. Balžekienė, J. Persson, J. Jurkevičienė (2016), P. Mierauskas, A. Palaima (2016), Biermann (2017). Guidelines of administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is not widely analyzed in Lithuania, thus, it can be stated, that this research is new. Object of the project – Administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system of Kaunas city municipality. Aim of the project – to examine the administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system of Kaunas city municipality. Tasks of the project: to scrutinize theoretical aspects of environmental damage prevention and remedying system; to perform the analysis of environmental management and environmental regulation at the level of European Union and Lithuania; to carry out an interview of experts and to analyze how the administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system is carried out in Kaunas city municipality. This project consists of introduction, three parts, conclusions, recommendations, literature, sources and appendixes. First part of the project analyzes the concept of environmental damage, instruments of environmental damage prevention and remedying system are studied, application of the new public management theory at the local level of environmental administration is discussed. The second part of the project is dealing with environmental administration of European Union at the national and local levels, also the environmental damage prevention, regulation of remedying and responsibility in legal documents are analyzed. The third part of the project investigates administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level: institutional structure inside of Kaunas city municipality's territory is analyzed; environmental documents, which are allowed at the local level, are researched, as well as the semi-structured interview is conducted. After accomplishing this research, it got clear that environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is administered by Kaunas city municipality, Kaunas Environmental Protection Department, The Environmental Protection Agency. The environmental sphere of this institution is administered by combining national legislation and by offering changes. Kaunas city municipality prepares legal documents, which regulate environmental sphere at the local level: waste management, distribution of funds, protection of plantations, air, water, biodiversity. After analyzing the answers of experts it got clear that environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is administered by applying instruments, discussed in the theory. According to experts, the most effective instruments – monitoring and Plantation Felling Permits. EIA, permits of pollution and financial sanctions have disadvantages, and the principle "the polluter pays" as well as the implementation of environmental compensation is difficult or impossible. According to experts, society and institutions of public sectors are involved into management of environmental protection, however, sometimes this is hindered by the lack of awareness.

Damage prevention and remedying system is regulated by legislation of European Union and Lithuania, however, administration of this system by the level of local self-governance is not investigated, clear or known enough. Instruments of environmental damage prevention are widely analyzed in Literature by both, Lithuanian and abroad authors: R. Bereišaitė (2010), C. Miguel ir B. Manzano (2011), B. Xia, Y. Li (2012), G. Juozapaitienė (2012), A. Butvilaitė, A. Miceikienė, V. Čiulevičienė (2014), R. Zubrickaitė (2014), V. Butkuvienė, I. Leibus (2015), J. Backhouse (2017), A. Galnaitytė, I. Kriščiukaitienė (2017). Instruments of environmental damage remedying are analyzed in literature more rarely: M. Staniūnas (2013), A. Junevičius, A. Balžekienė, J. Persson, J. Jurkevičienė (2016), P. Mierauskas, A. Palaima (2016), Biermann (2017). Guidelines of administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is not widely analyzed in Lithuania, thus, it can be stated, that this research is new. Object of the project – Administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system of Kaunas city municipality. Aim of the project – to examine the administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system of Kaunas city municipality. Tasks of the project: to scrutinize theoretical aspects of environmental damage prevention and remedying system; to perform the analysis of environmental management and environmental regulation at the level of European Union and Lithuania; to carry out an interview of experts and to analyze how the administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system is carried out in Kaunas city municipality. This project consists of introduction, three parts, conclusions, recommendations, literature, sources and appendixes. First part of the project analyzes the concept of environmental damage, instruments of environmental damage prevention and remedying system are studied, application of the new public management theory at the local level of environmental administration is discussed. The second part of the project is dealing with environmental administration of European Union at the national and local levels, also the environmental damage prevention, regulation of remedying and responsibility in legal documents are analyzed. The third part of the project investigates administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level: institutional structure inside of Kaunas city municipality's territory is analyzed; environmental documents, which are allowed at the local level, are researched, as well as the semi-structured interview is conducted. After accomplishing this research, it got clear that environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is administered by Kaunas city municipality, Kaunas Environmental Protection Department, The Environmental Protection Agency. The environmental sphere of this institution is administered by combining national legislation and by offering changes. Kaunas city municipality prepares legal documents, which regulate environmental sphere at the local level: waste management, distribution of funds, protection of plantations, air, water, biodiversity. After analyzing the answers of experts it got clear that environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is administered by applying instruments, discussed in the theory. According to experts, the most effective instruments – monitoring and Plantation Felling Permits. EIA, permits of pollution and financial sanctions have disadvantages, and the principle "the polluter pays" as well as the implementation of environmental compensation is difficult or impossible. According to experts, society and institutions of public sectors are involved into management of environmental protection, however, sometimes this is hindered by the lack of awareness.

Damage prevention and remedying system is regulated by legislation of European Union and Lithuania, however, administration of this system by the level of local self-governance is not investigated, clear or known enough. Instruments of environmental damage prevention are widely analyzed in Literature by both, Lithuanian and abroad authors: R. Bereišaitė (2010), C. Miguel ir B. Manzano (2011), B. Xia, Y. Li (2012), G. Juozapaitienė (2012), A. Butvilaitė, A. Miceikienė, V. Čiulevičienė (2014), R. Zubrickaitė (2014), V. Butkuvienė, I. Leibus (2015), J. Backhouse (2017), A. Galnaitytė, I. Kriščiukaitienė (2017). Instruments of environmental damage remedying are analyzed in literature more rarely: M. Staniūnas (2013), A. Junevičius, A. Balžekienė, J. Persson, J. Jurkevičienė (2016), P. Mierauskas, A. Palaima (2016), Biermann (2017). Guidelines of administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is not widely analyzed in Lithuania, thus, it can be stated, that this research is new. Object of the project – Administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system of Kaunas city municipality. Aim of the project – to examine the administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system of Kaunas city municipality. Tasks of the project: to scrutinize theoretical aspects of environmental damage prevention and remedying system; to perform the analysis of environmental management and environmental regulation at the level of European Union and Lithuania; to carry out an interview of experts and to analyze how the administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system is carried out in Kaunas city municipality. This project consists of introduction, three parts, conclusions, recommendations, literature, sources and appendixes. First part of the project analyzes the concept of environmental damage, instruments of environmental damage prevention and remedying system are studied, application of the new public management theory at the local level of environmental administration is discussed. The second part of the project is dealing with environmental administration of European Union at the national and local levels, also the environmental damage prevention, regulation of remedying and responsibility in legal documents are analyzed. The third part of the project investigates administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level: institutional structure inside of Kaunas city municipality's territory is analyzed; environmental documents, which are allowed at the local level, are researched, as well as the semi-structured interview is conducted. After accomplishing this research, it got clear that environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is administered by Kaunas city municipality, Kaunas Environmental Protection Department, The Environmental Protection Agency. The environmental sphere of this institution is administered by combining national legislation and by offering changes. Kaunas city municipality prepares legal documents, which regulate environmental sphere at the local level: waste management, distribution of funds, protection of plantations, air, water, biodiversity. After analyzing the answers of experts it got clear that environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is administered by applying instruments, discussed in the theory. According to experts, the most effective instruments – monitoring and Plantation Felling Permits. EIA, permits of pollution and financial sanctions have disadvantages, and the principle "the polluter pays" as well as the implementation of environmental compensation is difficult or impossible. According to experts, society and institutions of public sectors are involved into management of environmental protection, however, sometimes this is hindered by the lack of awareness.

Relatively weak interdependence of the states and unwillingness to limit one's sovereignty determines inefficiency of global environmental regimes. This fact forms the main problem of the MA thesis. The MA thesis is based on the presumption that regional cooperation which is determined by the interdependence of the states allows to resolve current issues easier. Certain regions which have intentions to cope with common environmental threats may be especially interested in cooperation and establishment of environmental security complexes. Therefore, cooperation may encourage the further integration. The key question of the MA thesis is when and in what circumstances the environmental threats encourage regional integration? The additional question is what factors restrict the processes of regional cooperation on the basis of the environmental threats? The analytical parts encompass the analysis of cases of Nile and Mekong regions. The object of the research is the regional cooperation and its institutionalized forms, as a consequence of the environmental threats. The aim of the analytical parts of the thesis is to examine whether the environmental threats encourage the regional cooperation on three main conditions: - the environmental threats are regarded as existential issues by the states of the certain region; - cooperation in the environmental field creates an opportunity for the economic development of states; - the regions are influenced by the external actors, which provide a stimulus for environmental cooperation. The answer of the additional question is given a presumption that the national interests and unilateral policy of the states are the key subjects which restrict the processes of environmental cooperation. In order to answer the questions arose and to achieve the purpose of the thesis, the following tasks were set: - to discuss the concept and relevance of the environmental threats, the development of global environmental politics, the efficiency problems of the environmental regimes and the key aspects of the environmental security; - to review the causes of the international conflicts and environmental cooperation as well as integration in the international river basins; - to present the aspects of the regional security complexes' theory which are relevant to the MA thesis; - to distinguish the criteria for the selection of the cases; - to review the historical context of the regions selected for the analysis indicating the cases of dispute between the states of region and estimating the potential of the regional integration; - to discuss and estimate the environmental threats related to the water scarcity in the selected regions; - to analyse the forms of cooperation concerning water scarcity in the selected regions. The research confirms the presumption that regional cooperation is encouraged by the relevance of the environmental threats, the expectations of the economic development of the states and the influence of external actors. The results of the analysis demonstrates that the main factor which restrains the processes of the environmental cooperation is the policy of the most powerful actors related to the national interests in the field of transboundary water management. MA thesis can be significant in grounding, verifying and elaborating the theory of regional security complexes and applying it to the research of the environmental cooperation. The thesis also provides with new insights which specify and complement the academic studies of environmental cooperation. MA thesis is intended to accentuate the whole of essential factors which is necessary for the proceeding of cooperation in anarchical atmosphere. On the other hand, academic literature lack research involving prognostic element which is related to the evaluation of the regional integration's potential. Therefore, the MA thesis is intended to evaluate the perspectives of regional integration in the selected cases.

Relatively weak interdependence of the states and unwillingness to limit one's sovereignty determines inefficiency of global environmental regimes. This fact forms the main problem of the MA thesis. The MA thesis is based on the presumption that regional cooperation which is determined by the interdependence of the states allows to resolve current issues easier. Certain regions which have intentions to cope with common environmental threats may be especially interested in cooperation and establishment of environmental security complexes. Therefore, cooperation may encourage the further integration. The key question of the MA thesis is when and in what circumstances the environmental threats encourage regional integration? The additional question is what factors restrict the processes of regional cooperation on the basis of the environmental threats? The analytical parts encompass the analysis of cases of Nile and Mekong regions. The object of the research is the regional cooperation and its institutionalized forms, as a consequence of the environmental threats. The aim of the analytical parts of the thesis is to examine whether the environmental threats encourage the regional cooperation on three main conditions: - the environmental threats are regarded as existential issues by the states of the certain region; - cooperation in the environmental field creates an opportunity for the economic development of states; - the regions are influenced by the external actors, which provide a stimulus for environmental cooperation. The answer of the additional question is given a presumption that the national interests and unilateral policy of the states are the key subjects which restrict the processes of environmental cooperation. In order to answer the questions arose and to achieve the purpose of the thesis, the following tasks were set: - to discuss the concept and relevance of the environmental threats, the development of global environmental politics, the efficiency problems of the environmental regimes and the key aspects of the environmental security; - to review the causes of the international conflicts and environmental cooperation as well as integration in the international river basins; - to present the aspects of the regional security complexes' theory which are relevant to the MA thesis; - to distinguish the criteria for the selection of the cases; - to review the historical context of the regions selected for the analysis indicating the cases of dispute between the states of region and estimating the potential of the regional integration; - to discuss and estimate the environmental threats related to the water scarcity in the selected regions; - to analyse the forms of cooperation concerning water scarcity in the selected regions. The research confirms the presumption that regional cooperation is encouraged by the relevance of the environmental threats, the expectations of the economic development of the states and the influence of external actors. The results of the analysis demonstrates that the main factor which restrains the processes of the environmental cooperation is the policy of the most powerful actors related to the national interests in the field of transboundary water management. MA thesis can be significant in grounding, verifying and elaborating the theory of regional security complexes and applying it to the research of the environmental cooperation. The thesis also provides with new insights which specify and complement the academic studies of environmental cooperation. MA thesis is intended to accentuate the whole of essential factors which is necessary for the proceeding of cooperation in anarchical atmosphere. On the other hand, academic literature lack research involving prognostic element which is related to the evaluation of the regional integration's potential. Therefore, the MA thesis is intended to evaluate the perspectives of regional integration in the selected cases.

Every new day people try to pay more attention on environment issues. They understand that welfare of the people and related progress depends on environmental conditions. This concerns Lithuania as well. The fundamentals of environment control norms are consolidated in the constitution of the republic of Lithuania and elaborated in laws of Lithuania. For the reason that the key point in this area refers to Lithuanian political parties, it is important to know, which environmental politics they do offer. In election programs, particular parties declare their politics, where members present different objectives and purposes, and steps of realizations. Within these programs, political parties have opportunities to provide member positions in the area of environmental protection. In Chapter 3, the party programs, which were elected in 2008, are analyzed along with their impact forming the fifteenth government activity program. The proposed environmental protection policy of all presented parties is very different. According to the constitution of the republic of Lithuania, elected to the Seimas political parties have an opportunity to implement their own proposed policy. The major role of the Seimas is law making. The Seimas members have appropriate rights to initiate a certain law, respectively. The main objective of the project is to analyze proposed environmental protection policies of all presented parties within election programs, investigate whether given environmental purposes conform to the actual Lithuanian problems and estimate the essence of global environment problems. The project tasks can be summarized as follows:  Analyze and compare programs of the given parties in terms of environment questions;  Figure out the parties activity in the formation process of environmental politics;  Evaluate the won party programs in the area of formed government activity related to environment issues;  Estimate the most popular environment projects in the Seimas and the essence of these projects in today's Lithuania, as well as response to global environment problems;  Identify how the actions of party members correspond to their program regulations. Based on the project results, it could be affirmed that both forest protection and waste management are the most popular issues in the Lithuanian environmental programs. Addressing the global environmental issues, the most actual is climate change. Politicizing law projects, it turns out that the actions of party members not always correspond to their declared program regulations. In the Seimas sessions, the most popular law projects are related to Lithuanian forests, shoots and territories under protection.

Every new day people try to pay more attention on environment issues. They understand that welfare of the people and related progress depends on environmental conditions. This concerns Lithuania as well. The fundamentals of environment control norms are consolidated in the constitution of the republic of Lithuania and elaborated in laws of Lithuania. For the reason that the key point in this area refers to Lithuanian political parties, it is important to know, which environmental politics they do offer. In election programs, particular parties declare their politics, where members present different objectives and purposes, and steps of realizations. Within these programs, political parties have opportunities to provide member positions in the area of environmental protection. In Chapter 3, the party programs, which were elected in 2008, are analyzed along with their impact forming the fifteenth government activity program. The proposed environmental protection policy of all presented parties is very different. According to the constitution of the republic of Lithuania, elected to the Seimas political parties have an opportunity to implement their own proposed policy. The major role of the Seimas is law making. The Seimas members have appropriate rights to initiate a certain law, respectively. The main objective of the project is to analyze proposed environmental protection policies of all presented parties within election programs, investigate whether given environmental purposes conform to the actual Lithuanian problems and estimate the essence of global environment problems. The project tasks can be summarized as follows:  Analyze and compare programs of the given parties in terms of environment questions;  Figure out the parties activity in the formation process of environmental politics;  Evaluate the won party programs in the area of formed government activity related to environment issues;  Estimate the most popular environment projects in the Seimas and the essence of these projects in today's Lithuania, as well as response to global environment problems;  Identify how the actions of party members correspond to their program regulations. Based on the project results, it could be affirmed that both forest protection and waste management are the most popular issues in the Lithuanian environmental programs. Addressing the global environmental issues, the most actual is climate change. Politicizing law projects, it turns out that the actions of party members not always correspond to their declared program regulations. In the Seimas sessions, the most popular law projects are related to Lithuanian forests, shoots and territories under protection.

This article analyzes the marine fishery economy management changes common for the EU and Lithuania. It is emphasized that marine fishery economy based only on short-term economic priorities faced the serious threat of destruction of the major source of its income. It is stated that crucial changes in fishery management in the EU and Lithuania are related to the preservation of the fish resources, organization of the common market, structural politics and fishery politics outside the EU. It is emphasized that fishery should be developed in a way that this economy continues to expand continually, so that the economic and industrial growth is coordinated with the environmental issues.

This article analyzes the marine fishery economy management changes common for the EU and Lithuania. It is emphasized that marine fishery economy based only on short-term economic priorities faced the serious threat of destruction of the major source of its income. It is stated that crucial changes in fishery management in the EU and Lithuania are related to the preservation of the fish resources, organization of the common market, structural politics and fishery politics outside the EU. It is emphasized that fishery should be developed in a way that this economy continues to expand continually, so that the economic and industrial growth is coordinated with the environmental issues.

This article analyzes the marine fishery economy management changes common for the EU and Lithuania. It is emphasized that marine fishery economy based only on short-term economic priorities faced the serious threat of destruction of the major source of its income. It is stated that crucial changes in fishery management in the EU and Lithuania are related to the preservation of the fish resources, organization of the common market, structural politics and fishery politics outside the EU. It is emphasized that fishery should be developed in a way that this economy continues to expand continually, so that the economic and industrial growth is coordinated with the environmental issues.

This article analyzes the marine fishery economy management changes common for the EU and Lithuania. It is emphasized that marine fishery economy based only on short-term economic priorities faced the serious threat of destruction of the major source of its income. It is stated that crucial changes in fishery management in the EU and Lithuania are related to the preservation of the fish resources, organization of the common market, structural politics and fishery politics outside the EU. It is emphasized that fishery should be developed in a way that this economy continues to expand continually, so that the economic and industrial growth is coordinated with the environmental issues.

The aim of this work is to assess the the realization of strategic management principles in Švenčionys district general education schools, to present the conclusions and proposals for the development of strategic management in general education schools. The issue raised in this research is the importance of strategic management development and implementation, both in public and in private sectors, which is emphasized as an essential factor in achieving a higher standard of living for progress of people, science and technology. However, democracy and progress in every development, practicing the principles of strategic management in organizations, are done only in part, and they are constantly faced with different obstacles. There are no published studies about the realization of strategic management principles in Lithuanian schools, which is why this fact reveals the novelty of the given subject. Research objectives: 1. To reveal the strategic management concept. 2. To discuss the applicability of strategic management principles in educational institutions. 3. To evaluate the realization of strategic management principles in Lithuanian educational institutions by theoretical aspect. 4. To investigate the application of strategic management principles in Švenčionys district general education schools. 5. To present the possibilities of strategic management development in general education. The contingent of the exploratory: The research was conducted in nine schools in Švenčionys district and in five institutions which are social school partners. The method used in this research: survey (used in two different forms). 160 respondents in total. Main research conclusions: Once summarizing the research results, we came to the conclusion that the strategic management principles are not yet implemented in Švenčionys district schools: some of the research participants claimed that their schools were not ready for creation of any strategic plan and they were certainly not yet ready for its implementation. One-fifth of the respondents admitted that they were not fully familiar with the school's strategic plan; only two-thirds of respondents made use of opportunity to influence the strategy development, three quarters understood their participation in the strategic management process as their personal coordination with the school's policy. Only little more than half of the survey participants rated the indicators marked in school strategic plan as real, based on comprehensive school environmental and internal analysis. Often this opinion was expressed by respondents with higher duties than by those occupying a lower position. The major obstacles to the implementation of the school's strategy for the participating in the survey Švenčionys district secondary school's headmasters and teachers, were lack of financial resources and lack of motivation. Younger respondents significantly more often than older respondents considered lack of motivation as a significant obstacle to the realization of the strategic management principles in general education school management. The research confirmed that there is a positive correlation between the realization of strategic management principles, school reputation, and education quality for students to gain.

The aim of this work is to assess the the realization of strategic management principles in Švenčionys district general education schools, to present the conclusions and proposals for the development of strategic management in general education schools. The issue raised in this research is the importance of strategic management development and implementation, both in public and in private sectors, which is emphasized as an essential factor in achieving a higher standard of living for progress of people, science and technology. However, democracy and progress in every development, practicing the principles of strategic management in organizations, are done only in part, and they are constantly faced with different obstacles. There are no published studies about the realization of strategic management principles in Lithuanian schools, which is why this fact reveals the novelty of the given subject. Research objectives: 1. To reveal the strategic management concept. 2. To discuss the applicability of strategic management principles in educational institutions. 3. To evaluate the realization of strategic management principles in Lithuanian educational institutions by theoretical aspect. 4. To investigate the application of strategic management principles in Švenčionys district general education schools. 5. To present the possibilities of strategic management development in general education. The contingent of the exploratory: The research was conducted in nine schools in Švenčionys district and in five institutions which are social school partners. The method used in this research: survey (used in two different forms). 160 respondents in total. Main research conclusions: Once summarizing the research results, we came to the conclusion that the strategic management principles are not yet implemented in Švenčionys district schools: some of the research participants claimed that their schools were not ready for creation of any strategic plan and they were certainly not yet ready for its implementation. One-fifth of the respondents admitted that they were not fully familiar with the school's strategic plan; only two-thirds of respondents made use of opportunity to influence the strategy development, three quarters understood their participation in the strategic management process as their personal coordination with the school's policy. Only little more than half of the survey participants rated the indicators marked in school strategic plan as real, based on comprehensive school environmental and internal analysis. Often this opinion was expressed by respondents with higher duties than by those occupying a lower position. The major obstacles to the implementation of the school's strategy for the participating in the survey Švenčionys district secondary school's headmasters and teachers, were lack of financial resources and lack of motivation. Younger respondents significantly more often than older respondents considered lack of motivation as a significant obstacle to the realization of the strategic management principles in general education school management. The research confirmed that there is a positive correlation between the realization of strategic management principles, school reputation, and education quality for students to gain.

With the improving economical situation and growing population standard of living comes the increase of the waste amount in many European cities. This tendency is particularly clearly reflected by growing municipal waste generation rate. In 1993, the 5th European Community Environment Action Programme, where the targets and principles are set, a target of stabilising municipal waste generation at the 1985 level of 300 kg/capita/annum by 2000 was set. However, the attempt to meet this target was unsuccessful. Almost all countries exceeded the established rate by 75-100%. The 6th Community Environment Action Programme discarded utopian objective to reduce waste generation rates. This was not defined in quantitative manner anymore. The initial and essential step in the waste management system planning is waste collection (in this work equivalent to waste generation) prognosis. However, constantly changing situation in the waste management sector strongly impacts waste generation rates (which are usually equating to collection rates) and this makes the forecasting more difficult. Although municipal waste forecasts need isn't dealt with legislation, but the knowledge of future waste amounts is essential for the adoption of important strategic goals, for making policy decisions and for determining the waste management tasks on the level of European Union and Republic of Lithuania. The waste management strategy presented in the Lithuanian National Strategic Waste Management Plan sets a target to minimize amounts of landfilled waste. Thus, it is important to consider various options, alternatives, or scenarios of MSW management options, alternatives, or scenarios of MSW management options with respect to impact on the environment and energy systems.