Suchergebnisse

As a result, various climate change effects (3 school) often amplify mechanisms, which lead to insecurity and violence, such as political instability, weak governance structures, poor economic performance, etc. This is especially relevant for those regions where several "conflict constellations" (water and food shortage, regular natural disasters, rapid demographic change, etc.) are overlapping. Environmental change also has a certain impact to international security in terms of possible increase in the number of weak and fragile states, risks for global economic development, intensification of migration, territorial disputes, etc. Generally, environmental security research (apart from the 1 and 2 schools) is based on a broad approach to security, which is not limited to military conflicts and include various elements of sustainable development and economic welfare. On the one hand, it is understandable, as interdisciplinary character of environmental security requires complex approach to security. On the other hand, research based on the concept of human security (4 school) often equates security with economic and social well-being, thus blurring the line between security and development studies. It also undermines the assessment of the impact environmental issues can have to traditional security problems (conflicts, regime change, political instability, etc.). Finally, securization of various social problems (AIDS, migration, poverty, gender inequality, etc.) might be used for political purposes by legitimizing the use of military force or restricting human rights. Various natural disasters (5 school) have a substantial destructive power, which not only causes substantial damage (humanitarian crises, destroyed infrastructure, etc.), but also has complex socioeconomic and political effects, which affect political regimes, critical economic sectors, social stability, etc. .

Urban sprawl is recognized to have strong negative impacts on environmental, social and economic aspects. The expansion of the urban areas has important effects on energy and water consumption, air and water pollution, human health problems, soil and land consumption and degradation, as economic and social segregation and exclusion. The aim of this paper is to study the Vilnius public perception about urban sprawl in the environmental, social and economic dimensions, according to the age and professional occupation of the respondents. The results showed that the participants were concerned about urban sprawl effects. However, there were differences among ages and professional occupations. Younger people that worked in NGO and municipality gave more importance to the problem, and older government and municipally workers claimed for a better regulation. The perception of urban sprawl impacts on the environment were specially observed in consumption, pollution and human health, and less in soil, land degradation and resource depletion. Younger respondents valued more the impacts on air pollution, whereas government workers valued more the impacts in traffic aspects. The social and economic questions were considered all very important. Younger respondents were more concerned with the long distance travels and household expenditure than the older respondents. This last group claimed for more regulations and rated high the effects of urban sprawl in the rural environment, while young respondents – in urban areas.

Urban sprawl is recognized to have strong negative impacts on environmental, social and economic aspects. The expansion of the urban areas has important effects on energy and water consumption, air and water pollution, human health problems, soil and land consumption and degradation, as economic and social segregation and exclusion. The aim of this paper is to study the Vilnius public perception about urban sprawl in the environmental, social and economic dimensions, according to the age and professional occupation of the respondents. The results showed that the participants were concerned about urban sprawl effects. However, there were differences among ages and professional occupations. Younger people that worked in NGO and municipality gave more importance to the problem, and older government and municipally workers claimed for a better regulation. The perception of urban sprawl impacts on the environment were specially observed in consumption, pollution and human health, and less in soil, land degradation and resource depletion. Younger respondents valued more the impacts on air pollution, whereas government workers valued more the impacts in traffic aspects. The social and economic questions were considered all very important. Younger respondents were more concerned with the long distance travels and household expenditure than the older respondents. This last group claimed for more regulations and rated high the effects of urban sprawl in the rural environment, while young respondents – in urban areas.

The dissertation investigates the influence of anthropogenic activities to rivers runoff and water quality. The main object of research is international, the second largest river basins in Lithuania – Lielupė river basin district (RBD). An exclusive trait of Lielupė RBD is especially intensive agricultural activities and karst processes. The primary purpose of this dissertation is estimate the influence of anthropogenic activities to impacts of rivers runoff and water quality in Lielupė river basin district, according to European Union directives, the Republic of Lithuania laws and regulations requirements on water quality. Following tasks are solved in the work: the impact of too wet lands drainage on the river runoff changes, the impact from different pollution sources of anthropogenic activities to rivers water quality. The dissertation is composed of introduction, six chapters, general conclusions, recommendations and references. The introduction reveals the investigated problem, importance of the thesis and the object of research and describes the purpose and tasks of the paper, research methodology, scientific novelty and defended statements. The introduction ends in presenting the author's publications on the subject of the defended dissertation and defining the structure of the dissertation. Chapter 1 revises used literature. It analysis anthropogenic impact of rivers runoff and nutrient migration in the rivers water. It performs the part of mathematical modeling of river quality preservation process. Decrypted karst region by environmental challenges. Chapter 2 presents research methodology. This chapter describes the investigation of river basin region, methodology of analytical and experimental researches, as well as mathematical modeling and statistical data processing. Chapters 3, 4 and 5 present results of the impact of wet land drainage to rivers runoff changes, also anthropogenic activities and nutrients changing, and analytical, experimental researches results for a water quality of small rivers basins. Chapters 6 present result of the mathematical modeling. 11 articles are published on the subject of the discussed dissertation: 1 in ISI Web of Science, 1 in Master Journal List ISI scientific journals, 2 in the review scientific journals, 2 in a sets of articles included in the ISI Proceedings list, 1 in the reviewed set of international conference, 4 in the sets of conference of young scientists.

The dissertation investigates the influence of anthropogenic activities to rivers runoff and water quality. The main object of research is international, the second largest river basins in Lithuania – Lielupė river basin district (RBD). An exclusive trait of Lielupė RBD is especially intensive agricultural activities and karst processes. The primary purpose of this dissertation is estimate the influence of anthropogenic activities to impacts of rivers runoff and water quality in Lielupė river basin district, according to European Union directives, the Republic of Lithuania laws and regulations requirements on water quality. Following tasks are solved in the work: the impact of too wet lands drainage on the river runoff changes, the impact from different pollution sources of anthropogenic activities to rivers water quality. The dissertation is composed of introduction, six chapters, general conclusions, recommendations and references. The introduction reveals the investigated problem, importance of the thesis and the object of research and describes the purpose and tasks of the paper, research methodology, scientific novelty and defended statements. The introduction ends in presenting the author's publications on the subject of the defended dissertation and defining the structure of the dissertation. Chapter 1 revises used literature. It analysis anthropogenic impact of rivers runoff and nutrient migration in the rivers water. It performs the part of mathematical modeling of river quality preservation process. Decrypted karst region by environmental challenges. Chapter 2 presents research methodology. This chapter describes the investigation of river basin region, methodology of analytical and experimental researches, as well as mathematical modeling and statistical data processing. Chapters 3, 4 and 5 present results of the impact of wet land drainage to rivers runoff changes, also anthropogenic activities and nutrients changing, and analytical, experimental researches results for a water quality of small rivers basins. Chapters 6 present result of the mathematical modeling. 11 articles are published on the subject of the discussed dissertation: 1 in ISI Web of Science, 1 in Master Journal List ISI scientific journals, 2 in the review scientific journals, 2 in a sets of articles included in the ISI Proceedings list, 1 in the reviewed set of international conference, 4 in the sets of conference of young scientists.

The dissertation investigates the influence of anthropogenic activities to rivers runoff and water quality. The main object of research is international, the second largest river basins in Lithuania – Lielupė river basin district (RBD). An exclusive trait of Lielupė RBD is especially intensive agricultural activities and karst processes. The primary purpose of this dissertation is estimate the influence of anthropogenic activities to impacts of rivers runoff and water quality in Lielupė river basin district, according to European Union directives, the Republic of Lithuania laws and regulations requirements on water quality. Following tasks are solved in the work: the impact of too wet lands drainage on the river runoff changes, the impact from different pollution sources of anthropogenic activities to rivers water quality. The dissertation is composed of introduction, six chapters, general conclusions, recommendations and references. The introduction reveals the investigated problem, importance of the thesis and the object of research and describes the purpose and tasks of the paper, research methodology, scientific novelty and defended statements. The introduction ends in presenting the author's publications on the subject of the defended dissertation and defining the structure of the dissertation. Chapter 1 revises used literature. It analysis anthropogenic impact of rivers runoff and nutrient migration in the rivers water. It performs the part of mathematical modeling of river quality preservation process. Decrypted karst region by environmental challenges. Chapter 2 presents research methodology. This chapter describes the investigation of river basin region, methodology of analytical and experimental researches, as well as mathematical modeling and statistical data processing. Chapters 3, 4 and 5 present results of the impact of wet land drainage to rivers runoff changes, also anthropogenic activities and nutrients changing, and analytical, experimental researches results for a water quality of small rivers basins. Chapters 6 present result of the mathematical modeling. 11 articles are published on the subject of the discussed dissertation: 1 in ISI Web of Science, 1 in Master Journal List ISI scientific journals, 2 in the review scientific journals, 2 in a sets of articles included in the ISI Proceedings list, 1 in the reviewed set of international conference, 4 in the sets of conference of young scientists.

The dissertation investigates the influence of anthropogenic activities to rivers runoff and water quality. The main object of research is international, the second largest river basins in Lithuania – Lielupė river basin district (RBD). An exclusive trait of Lielupė RBD is especially intensive agricultural activities and karst processes. The primary purpose of this dissertation is estimate the influence of anthropogenic activities to impacts of rivers runoff and water quality in Lielupė river basin district, according to European Union directives, the Republic of Lithuania laws and regulations requirements on water quality. Following tasks are solved in the work: the impact of too wet lands drainage on the river runoff changes, the impact from different pollution sources of anthropogenic activities to rivers water quality. The dissertation is composed of introduction, six chapters, general conclusions, recommendations and references. The introduction reveals the investigated problem, importance of the thesis and the object of research and describes the purpose and tasks of the paper, research methodology, scientific novelty and defended statements. The introduction ends in presenting the author's publications on the subject of the defended dissertation and defining the structure of the dissertation. Chapter 1 revises used literature. It analysis anthropogenic impact of rivers runoff and nutrient migration in the rivers water. It performs the part of mathematical modeling of river quality preservation process. Decrypted karst region by environmental challenges. Chapter 2 presents research methodology. This chapter describes the investigation of river basin region, methodology of analytical and experimental researches, as well as mathematical modeling and statistical data processing. Chapters 3, 4 and 5 present results of the impact of wet land drainage to rivers runoff changes, also anthropogenic activities and nutrients changing, and analytical, experimental researches results for a water quality of small rivers basins. Chapters 6 present result of the mathematical modeling. 11 articles are published on the subject of the discussed dissertation: 1 in ISI Web of Science, 1 in Master Journal List ISI scientific journals, 2 in the review scientific journals, 2 in a sets of articles included in the ISI Proceedings list, 1 in the reviewed set of international conference, 4 in the sets of conference of young scientists.

Damage prevention and remedying system is regulated by legislation of European Union and Lithuania, however, administration of this system by the level of local self-governance is not investigated, clear or known enough. Instruments of environmental damage prevention are widely analyzed in Literature by both, Lithuanian and abroad authors: R. Bereišaitė (2010), C. Miguel ir B. Manzano (2011), B. Xia, Y. Li (2012), G. Juozapaitienė (2012), A. Butvilaitė, A. Miceikienė, V. Čiulevičienė (2014), R. Zubrickaitė (2014), V. Butkuvienė, I. Leibus (2015), J. Backhouse (2017), A. Galnaitytė, I. Kriščiukaitienė (2017). Instruments of environmental damage remedying are analyzed in literature more rarely: M. Staniūnas (2013), A. Junevičius, A. Balžekienė, J. Persson, J. Jurkevičienė (2016), P. Mierauskas, A. Palaima (2016), Biermann (2017). Guidelines of administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is not widely analyzed in Lithuania, thus, it can be stated, that this research is new. Object of the project – Administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system of Kaunas city municipality. Aim of the project – to examine the administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system of Kaunas city municipality. Tasks of the project: to scrutinize theoretical aspects of environmental damage prevention and remedying system; to perform the analysis of environmental management and environmental regulation at the level of European Union and Lithuania; to carry out an interview of experts and to analyze how the administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system is carried out in Kaunas city municipality. This project consists of introduction, three parts, conclusions, recommendations, literature, sources and appendixes. First part of the project analyzes the concept of environmental damage, instruments of environmental damage prevention and remedying system are studied, application of the new public management theory at the local level of environmental administration is discussed. The second part of the project is dealing with environmental administration of European Union at the national and local levels, also the environmental damage prevention, regulation of remedying and responsibility in legal documents are analyzed. The third part of the project investigates administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level: institutional structure inside of Kaunas city municipality's territory is analyzed; environmental documents, which are allowed at the local level, are researched, as well as the semi-structured interview is conducted. After accomplishing this research, it got clear that environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is administered by Kaunas city municipality, Kaunas Environmental Protection Department, The Environmental Protection Agency. The environmental sphere of this institution is administered by combining national legislation and by offering changes. Kaunas city municipality prepares legal documents, which regulate environmental sphere at the local level: waste management, distribution of funds, protection of plantations, air, water, biodiversity. After analyzing the answers of experts it got clear that environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is administered by applying instruments, discussed in the theory. According to experts, the most effective instruments – monitoring and Plantation Felling Permits. EIA, permits of pollution and financial sanctions have disadvantages, and the principle "the polluter pays" as well as the implementation of environmental compensation is difficult or impossible. According to experts, society and institutions of public sectors are involved into management of environmental protection, however, sometimes this is hindered by the lack of awareness.

Damage prevention and remedying system is regulated by legislation of European Union and Lithuania, however, administration of this system by the level of local self-governance is not investigated, clear or known enough. Instruments of environmental damage prevention are widely analyzed in Literature by both, Lithuanian and abroad authors: R. Bereišaitė (2010), C. Miguel ir B. Manzano (2011), B. Xia, Y. Li (2012), G. Juozapaitienė (2012), A. Butvilaitė, A. Miceikienė, V. Čiulevičienė (2014), R. Zubrickaitė (2014), V. Butkuvienė, I. Leibus (2015), J. Backhouse (2017), A. Galnaitytė, I. Kriščiukaitienė (2017). Instruments of environmental damage remedying are analyzed in literature more rarely: M. Staniūnas (2013), A. Junevičius, A. Balžekienė, J. Persson, J. Jurkevičienė (2016), P. Mierauskas, A. Palaima (2016), Biermann (2017). Guidelines of administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is not widely analyzed in Lithuania, thus, it can be stated, that this research is new. Object of the project – Administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system of Kaunas city municipality. Aim of the project – to examine the administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system of Kaunas city municipality. Tasks of the project: to scrutinize theoretical aspects of environmental damage prevention and remedying system; to perform the analysis of environmental management and environmental regulation at the level of European Union and Lithuania; to carry out an interview of experts and to analyze how the administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system is carried out in Kaunas city municipality. This project consists of introduction, three parts, conclusions, recommendations, literature, sources and appendixes. First part of the project analyzes the concept of environmental damage, instruments of environmental damage prevention and remedying system are studied, application of the new public management theory at the local level of environmental administration is discussed. The second part of the project is dealing with environmental administration of European Union at the national and local levels, also the environmental damage prevention, regulation of remedying and responsibility in legal documents are analyzed. The third part of the project investigates administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level: institutional structure inside of Kaunas city municipality's territory is analyzed; environmental documents, which are allowed at the local level, are researched, as well as the semi-structured interview is conducted. After accomplishing this research, it got clear that environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is administered by Kaunas city municipality, Kaunas Environmental Protection Department, The Environmental Protection Agency. The environmental sphere of this institution is administered by combining national legislation and by offering changes. Kaunas city municipality prepares legal documents, which regulate environmental sphere at the local level: waste management, distribution of funds, protection of plantations, air, water, biodiversity. After analyzing the answers of experts it got clear that environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is administered by applying instruments, discussed in the theory. According to experts, the most effective instruments – monitoring and Plantation Felling Permits. EIA, permits of pollution and financial sanctions have disadvantages, and the principle "the polluter pays" as well as the implementation of environmental compensation is difficult or impossible. According to experts, society and institutions of public sectors are involved into management of environmental protection, however, sometimes this is hindered by the lack of awareness.

Damage prevention and remedying system is regulated by legislation of European Union and Lithuania, however, administration of this system by the level of local self-governance is not investigated, clear or known enough. Instruments of environmental damage prevention are widely analyzed in Literature by both, Lithuanian and abroad authors: R. Bereišaitė (2010), C. Miguel ir B. Manzano (2011), B. Xia, Y. Li (2012), G. Juozapaitienė (2012), A. Butvilaitė, A. Miceikienė, V. Čiulevičienė (2014), R. Zubrickaitė (2014), V. Butkuvienė, I. Leibus (2015), J. Backhouse (2017), A. Galnaitytė, I. Kriščiukaitienė (2017). Instruments of environmental damage remedying are analyzed in literature more rarely: M. Staniūnas (2013), A. Junevičius, A. Balžekienė, J. Persson, J. Jurkevičienė (2016), P. Mierauskas, A. Palaima (2016), Biermann (2017). Guidelines of administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is not widely analyzed in Lithuania, thus, it can be stated, that this research is new. Object of the project – Administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system of Kaunas city municipality. Aim of the project – to examine the administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system of Kaunas city municipality. Tasks of the project: to scrutinize theoretical aspects of environmental damage prevention and remedying system; to perform the analysis of environmental management and environmental regulation at the level of European Union and Lithuania; to carry out an interview of experts and to analyze how the administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system is carried out in Kaunas city municipality. This project consists of introduction, three parts, conclusions, recommendations, literature, sources and appendixes. First part of the project analyzes the concept of environmental damage, instruments of environmental damage prevention and remedying system are studied, application of the new public management theory at the local level of environmental administration is discussed. The second part of the project is dealing with environmental administration of European Union at the national and local levels, also the environmental damage prevention, regulation of remedying and responsibility in legal documents are analyzed. The third part of the project investigates administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level: institutional structure inside of Kaunas city municipality's territory is analyzed; environmental documents, which are allowed at the local level, are researched, as well as the semi-structured interview is conducted. After accomplishing this research, it got clear that environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is administered by Kaunas city municipality, Kaunas Environmental Protection Department, The Environmental Protection Agency. The environmental sphere of this institution is administered by combining national legislation and by offering changes. Kaunas city municipality prepares legal documents, which regulate environmental sphere at the local level: waste management, distribution of funds, protection of plantations, air, water, biodiversity. After analyzing the answers of experts it got clear that environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is administered by applying instruments, discussed in the theory. According to experts, the most effective instruments – monitoring and Plantation Felling Permits. EIA, permits of pollution and financial sanctions have disadvantages, and the principle "the polluter pays" as well as the implementation of environmental compensation is difficult or impossible. According to experts, society and institutions of public sectors are involved into management of environmental protection, however, sometimes this is hindered by the lack of awareness.

Damage prevention and remedying system is regulated by legislation of European Union and Lithuania, however, administration of this system by the level of local self-governance is not investigated, clear or known enough. Instruments of environmental damage prevention are widely analyzed in Literature by both, Lithuanian and abroad authors: R. Bereišaitė (2010), C. Miguel ir B. Manzano (2011), B. Xia, Y. Li (2012), G. Juozapaitienė (2012), A. Butvilaitė, A. Miceikienė, V. Čiulevičienė (2014), R. Zubrickaitė (2014), V. Butkuvienė, I. Leibus (2015), J. Backhouse (2017), A. Galnaitytė, I. Kriščiukaitienė (2017). Instruments of environmental damage remedying are analyzed in literature more rarely: M. Staniūnas (2013), A. Junevičius, A. Balžekienė, J. Persson, J. Jurkevičienė (2016), P. Mierauskas, A. Palaima (2016), Biermann (2017). Guidelines of administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is not widely analyzed in Lithuania, thus, it can be stated, that this research is new. Object of the project – Administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system of Kaunas city municipality. Aim of the project – to examine the administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system of Kaunas city municipality. Tasks of the project: to scrutinize theoretical aspects of environmental damage prevention and remedying system; to perform the analysis of environmental management and environmental regulation at the level of European Union and Lithuania; to carry out an interview of experts and to analyze how the administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system is carried out in Kaunas city municipality. This project consists of introduction, three parts, conclusions, recommendations, literature, sources and appendixes. First part of the project analyzes the concept of environmental damage, instruments of environmental damage prevention and remedying system are studied, application of the new public management theory at the local level of environmental administration is discussed. The second part of the project is dealing with environmental administration of European Union at the national and local levels, also the environmental damage prevention, regulation of remedying and responsibility in legal documents are analyzed. The third part of the project investigates administration of environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level: institutional structure inside of Kaunas city municipality's territory is analyzed; environmental documents, which are allowed at the local level, are researched, as well as the semi-structured interview is conducted. After accomplishing this research, it got clear that environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is administered by Kaunas city municipality, Kaunas Environmental Protection Department, The Environmental Protection Agency. The environmental sphere of this institution is administered by combining national legislation and by offering changes. Kaunas city municipality prepares legal documents, which regulate environmental sphere at the local level: waste management, distribution of funds, protection of plantations, air, water, biodiversity. After analyzing the answers of experts it got clear that environmental damage prevention and remedying system at the local level is administered by applying instruments, discussed in the theory. According to experts, the most effective instruments – monitoring and Plantation Felling Permits. EIA, permits of pollution and financial sanctions have disadvantages, and the principle "the polluter pays" as well as the implementation of environmental compensation is difficult or impossible. According to experts, society and institutions of public sectors are involved into management of environmental protection, however, sometimes this is hindered by the lack of awareness.

Unreasonable using of inland water recourses for recreation may cause a risk for human health and ecosystems' stability. In order to avoid the devastation of ponds and the risk of infectious diseases, it is necessary to improve the water ponds monitoring, that should fulfil the requirements of European Union (EU) directives of sustainable development. For this reason the Foundation for Environmental Education has created the Blue Flag program, that is applied both for European and other countries. The aim of this work is to evaluate the possibilities of valid Kaunas town beaches to get the certificate of the Blue Flag program. For this reason, it was analyzed the bathing-places juridical basis in EU and Lithuania and determined the microbiological pollution of valid Kaunas town beaches. Evaluation of beaches was done according to the Blue Flag program compulsory criteria for water ponds: environmental education and information, water quality, environmental management, security and services. The water monitoring data of Kaunas public health centre and Lithuanian Institute of Hygiene were used for the assessment of water microbiological pollution. It was found out that the statements of the European Parliament and of the Council directive 2006/7/EB for bathing water quality were transferred to the LR Hygiene Norm HN 92:2007 "Beaches and Bathing water quality" and to the bathing water quality monitoring project for the years of 2009-2011. The highest microbiological pollution with E. Coli bacterium was measured in Lampėdžiai beach. Microbiological pollution with fecal enterococcus was characteristic for The Second Beach of Kauno Marios at most. The biggest number of the specimen indicating the excellent water quality was found for The First Beach of Kauno Marios: californium bacterial - 30 % and intestinal rod – 58 %. The assessment of bathing water quality, that was done according to the methodology of LR Hygiene Norm HN 92:2007, The First Beach of Kauno Marios and the Lampėdžiai beach are characterized of excellent water quality. The Second Beach of Kauno Marios is qualified as containing good water quality. Therefore, the water quality of valid Kaunas town beaches is clean or only little contaminated. The First Beach of Kauno Marios and the Lampėdžiai beach fulfil best the criteria of the Blue Flag program. The water quality of the Second Beach of Kauno Marios is inadequate for these criteria because of eutrofication and of the risk of sewage leakage into the bathing zone.

Unreasonable using of inland water recourses for recreation may cause a risk for human health and ecosystems' stability. In order to avoid the devastation of ponds and the risk of infectious diseases, it is necessary to improve the water ponds monitoring, that should fulfil the requirements of European Union (EU) directives of sustainable development. For this reason the Foundation for Environmental Education has created the Blue Flag program, that is applied both for European and other countries. The aim of this work is to evaluate the possibilities of valid Kaunas town beaches to get the certificate of the Blue Flag program. For this reason, it was analyzed the bathing-places juridical basis in EU and Lithuania and determined the microbiological pollution of valid Kaunas town beaches. Evaluation of beaches was done according to the Blue Flag program compulsory criteria for water ponds: environmental education and information, water quality, environmental management, security and services. The water monitoring data of Kaunas public health centre and Lithuanian Institute of Hygiene were used for the assessment of water microbiological pollution. It was found out that the statements of the European Parliament and of the Council directive 2006/7/EB for bathing water quality were transferred to the LR Hygiene Norm HN 92:2007 "Beaches and Bathing water quality" and to the bathing water quality monitoring project for the years of 2009-2011. The highest microbiological pollution with E. Coli bacterium was measured in Lampėdžiai beach. Microbiological pollution with fecal enterococcus was characteristic for The Second Beach of Kauno Marios at most. The biggest number of the specimen indicating the excellent water quality was found for The First Beach of Kauno Marios: californium bacterial - 30 % and intestinal rod – 58 %. The assessment of bathing water quality, that was done according to the methodology of LR Hygiene Norm HN 92:2007, The First Beach of Kauno Marios and the Lampėdžiai beach are characterized of excellent water quality. The Second Beach of Kauno Marios is qualified as containing good water quality. Therefore, the water quality of valid Kaunas town beaches is clean or only little contaminated. The First Beach of Kauno Marios and the Lampėdžiai beach fulfil best the criteria of the Blue Flag program. The water quality of the Second Beach of Kauno Marios is inadequate for these criteria because of eutrofication and of the risk of sewage leakage into the bathing zone.

Unreasonable using of inland water recourses for recreation may cause a risk for human health and ecosystems' stability. In order to avoid the devastation of ponds and the risk of infectious diseases, it is necessary to improve the water ponds monitoring, that should fulfil the requirements of European Union (EU) directives of sustainable development. For this reason the Foundation for Environmental Education has created the Blue Flag program, that is applied both for European and other countries. The aim of this work is to evaluate the possibilities of valid Kaunas town beaches to get the certificate of the Blue Flag program. For this reason, it was analyzed the bathing-places juridical basis in EU and Lithuania and determined the microbiological pollution of valid Kaunas town beaches. Evaluation of beaches was done according to the Blue Flag program compulsory criteria for water ponds: environmental education and information, water quality, environmental management, security and services. The water monitoring data of Kaunas public health centre and Lithuanian Institute of Hygiene were used for the assessment of water microbiological pollution. It was found out that the statements of the European Parliament and of the Council directive 2006/7/EB for bathing water quality were transferred to the LR Hygiene Norm HN 92:2007 "Beaches and Bathing water quality" and to the bathing water quality monitoring project for the years of 2009-2011. The highest microbiological pollution with E. Coli bacterium was measured in Lampėdžiai beach. Microbiological pollution with fecal enterococcus was characteristic for The Second Beach of Kauno Marios at most. The biggest number of the specimen indicating the excellent water quality was found for The First Beach of Kauno Marios: californium bacterial - 30 % and intestinal rod – 58 %. The assessment of bathing water quality, that was done according to the methodology of LR Hygiene Norm HN 92:2007, The First Beach of Kauno Marios and the Lampėdžiai beach are characterized of excellent water quality. The Second Beach of Kauno Marios is qualified as containing good water quality. Therefore, the water quality of valid Kaunas town beaches is clean or only little contaminated. The First Beach of Kauno Marios and the Lampėdžiai beach fulfil best the criteria of the Blue Flag program. The water quality of the Second Beach of Kauno Marios is inadequate for these criteria because of eutrofication and of the risk of sewage leakage into the bathing zone.

In September 2003 Lithuanian Government approved the "National Sustainable Development Strategy" in which committed to provide support for alternative energy sources, including hydropower. Approving Directive on the promotion of the Use of Energy from Renewable Sources, EU is seeking significant increase in electricity produced from renewable sources. However Water Framework Directive requires achieving good status in all water bodies in 2015. This is an obstacle to constructions of new hydroelectric power plants ant to whole hydropower development. Hydropower certification is the best possible solution. Hydropower plants, that will meet environmental requirements, will receive green label. This work is intending to evaluate adaptability of existing foreign green certification systems in Lithuanian conditions.