Suchergebnisse

FÖRORD 9 INTRODUKTION 13 Syfte och problem 16 Undersökningsmaterial 19 En analys av luthersk etik 25 En rimlig utformning av luthersk etik 30 Tidigare forskning 34 Disposition 37 1 LAG OCH EVANGELIUM I LUTHERS ETIK 41 Om lag och evangelium 43 Läran om rättfärdiggörelse 46 Läran om goda gärningar 48 Etikens innehåll 52 En skapelseförankrad etik 56 Läran om de två regementena 59 Etisk dualism och hierarkisk samhällssyn 63 Konklusion 68 2 POLITISK ETIK I LUTHERSK TRADITION Jl En patriarkal politisk etik 73 Överhetstanken och läran om skapelseordningar 77 Staten som skydd mot det onda 81, En kritisk skapelseordningsteologi 87 Luthersk teologi som nazistisk ideologi 92 Evangeliets roll i luthersk politisk etik 99 3 LÄRAN OM GUDS ORDNINGAR 105 Spänningen mellan lag och evangelium 107 Skapelsen, synden och lagen 109 Kritik av naturrätten 112 Ordningar inrättade av Gud 115 Etik i en konfliktsituation 118 En realistisk politisk etik 122 Den minimala staten 126 Överheten i ett demokratiskt samhälle 128 Ett hierarkiskt rättviseideal 131 Konklusion 134 4 SKAPELSEN OCH LAGEN 137 Motsatsen mellan lag och evangelium 140 En skapelseförankrad etik 144 Kravet på omsorg 148 En etik för alla människor 152 Läran om de två regementena 156 En politisk etik utan kristologi 161 1 Kritik av makten 165 Politisk etik utan ideal 169 Konklusion 172 5 MÄNNISKANS DYGD OCH GUDS NÅD lj$ En dygdetisk teori 177 Naturlig och kristen kärlek 182 En naturrättslig teori 186 Människan som syndare och rättfärdiggjord 189 Lag och evangelium 193 Politikens begränsade värde 197 Kristen kärlek och politiskt handlande 202 Människovärde och social hierarki 205 En dygdetik utan samhällskritik 208 Konklusion 211 6 EN UDDLÖS POLITIK 215 Luthers patriarkala etik 218 Luthersk etik och tysk nazism 222 Den minimala staten 227 Ett krav utan innehåll 231 Politikens begränsade värde 236 Luthersk etik som politisk liberalism 242 Evangeliets betydelse för etiken 246 7 KRISTOLOGI SOM SAMHÄLLSKRITIK 251 Tre modeller för kristen politisk teologi 253 En etik förankrad i kristologin 258 Motstånd i Kristi efterföljd 263 Korsets teologi som hopp om befrielse 267 En etik förankrad i skapelsetanken 270 Eskatologi som kritiskt perspektiv 275 Evangelium som etisk vägledning 279 Socialetik utan tvåregementslära 283 LITTERATUR 287

This article aims to explore the role of religion in the Swedish Development Cooperation. Faith-based organisations (FBOs) have historically been social movements in development and in the forefront of service delivery and social justice, but religion as a societal phenomenon has until recently not been sufficiently taken into account by donors in international aid. But this is changing and religion is increasingly more visible in development policies. This raised interest at the global level can partly be explained by a shift in global politics and partly by a discursive transformation, a religious turn, within the social sciences, predominantly in Development Studies. Scholars and policy makers have also started to explore and analyse the influence of religion in development cooperation. It has been found that that although FBOs have gained increased visibility, religion as a societal phenomenon has remained an invisible factor. Additionally, most analysis on religion has, until recently, taken its point of departure in the Global North. Most development actors, including the Swedish Government Agencies, have failed to comprehensively understand or recognize the importance of religion outside the dialogue with the Christian Aid Organisations. For those of us aware that religion influences norms, societies and politics at all levels and is a key dimension of poor people's lives in all developing countries, this may sound surprising. The lack of knowledge about religion, religious practices and beliefs has been a hindrance to the development process. If there was a greater understanding about the role of religion in the context of development, better results would be achieved and development work would be relevant and thereby more efficient. ; The Impact of Religion – Challenges for Society, Law and Democracy

The religio-political setting of the Inauguration Ceremonies—with songs, pastors, presidential addresses, prayers, blessings etc.—is clearly revealing an American sentiment, which includes an interconnection between patriotism and Christianity. "God bless America" and "One nation under God" are common themes as well as other references related to Religious and often specifically Christian theological viewpoints. It is argued that the ceremonies themselves not only reveal parts of a general civil religion, but in fact they become proclamations of a specific American public theology. They form a sort of rites-de-passage of the nation, bringing forward a new President; from now on acting not only as a political leader but also as a sort of a pastor (priest and/or prophet) of the nation, using the White House as an impressive pulpit. The type of religious dimension presented in the presidential inauguration ceremonies of Bush Sr. and Obama has often been described as civil religion, but the outspoken theological content is not fully compatible with French sociological theory or German sociological theory, which are often used to describe civil religion. Therefore, a more accurate description of the modern American version is "public theology."

Legislation on Biotechnology in the Nordic Countries - an overview 2022

There exist existential global problems we cannot solve unless we resort to a world government. It is desirable that such a government can be held responsible by a democratically elected world parliament. Hence, global democracy is desirable. However, the road to global democracy is blocked by similar problems that render it necessary in the first place: collective decision problems of a different but related sort. And time is short. In particular we face an emergent need to tend to problems to do with global warming. This means that we have to investigate the possibility and desirability of a last resort to global despotism.

This report presents a comprehensive proposal for a common ethics assessment framework for research and innovation (R&I) in the European Union member states. It details recommendations for good practices for ethics assessment, which includes the development of ethics assessment units and the protocols of these units. More specifically, the report presents a general toolkit for ethics assessment of R&I, as well as specialised tools and toolkits for specific types of organizations that deal with ethics assessment, and for different scientific fields. In addition, the report offers recommendations for the general institutional structure of ethics assessment in the EU and its member states. Due to the length of this report, a summary of its findings and recommendations is available. There are also several annexes that expand on particular sections of the report. These a nnexes are also available on the website of the SATORI project. In chapter 2, we analyse the stakeholders' expectations about the intended outcome of the SATORI project: a shared European framework for ethics assessment of R&I. This analysis is based on 153 interviews with different kind s of stakeholders, including both et hics assessors and non - assessors. Both benefits and obstacles were identified and are listed in this chapter. Furthermore, three main challenges are identified: the differences in ethics/values, the need for stakeholder buy - in, and the need for the ethics assessment framework to be a long - term process. Nonetheless, it is found that a significant majority of interviewees were positive or conditionally positive towards the desirability of a common approach to ethics assessment in R&I. In chapter 3, we propose a framework of ethical issues and principles, which are applicable to a broad array of types of scientific R&I. The research areas discussed in depth are the natural sciences, the engineering sciences, and the medical and life sciences, information and communication technology (ICT), Internet research, the social sciences, and the humanities. It provides a basis of ethical issues and principles that apply to all types of research. It also specifies the principles and issues that apply to specific research contexts. This chapter also includes a section on how potential conflicts between ethical principles may be resolved. In chapter 4, we outline recommendations for best practice in Ethics Assessment Units (EAUs). These recommendations are structured around a series of parameters common to all EAUs that review R&I activity. These parameters include the appropriate composition of an EAU, the appointment, training, and expertise of its members, the procedures for performing assessment, and how to assess the quality and efficiency of the EAU's work. The cultural and organisational factors that may affect the work of an EAU are also briefly considered. The chapter concludes with a summary of the recommendations presented within it. In chapter 5, we offer a short overview of the Common Framework for Ethical Impact Assessment (EIA) that is described further in Annex 1. This chapter can be used by governance bodies to set up new regulations with regard to ethics assessment in R&I , research funding organisations to set up new procedures for conducting EIAs in the projects they fund , and by local research organisations and companies for establishing internal procedures for conducting an EIA of the R&I projects they organise. In section 6, we present recommendations for specialised forms of ethics assessment and guidance. Specifically, we outline standards, tools and best practices for (1) policy - oriented assessment and guidance of new developments and practices in R&I (with a focus on governmental organisations, national ethics committees, and civil society organisations); (2) guiding, assessing and supporting ethical professional behaviour by scientists and innovators; an d (3) the ethics assessment of innovation and technology development plans. In chapter 7, we discuss ethics assessment (EA) and ethics guidance (EG) in the context of four specific types of organisation: universities, civil society organisations, industry and research funding organisations. In chapter 8, we outline proposals for the institutional structure of ethics assessment in eight types of organisations that perform ethics assessment in the EU member states: universities, national science academies, RFOs, RECs, NECs, academic and professional organisations, CSOs, and companies. In addition, we present recommendations for the institutionalisation of ethics assessment in selected European countries. I n chapter 9, we assess the compatibility of existing ethics assessment frameworks with the SATORI framework. This covers international regulations and guidelines as well as the approaches to ethics assessment in the United States and China. Finally, in chapter 10, we present a summary of the recommendations contained in this report, and conclude in chapter 11 with a list of the annexes to this report. ; May 19, 2017 (revised version), (Original report completed December 7, 2016), Deliverable D4.1

The government of Rwanda has pursued reconciliation with great determination in the belief that it is the only moral alternative to post-genocide social challenges. In Rwanda, communities must be mobilised and reshaped for social, political and economic reconstruction. This creates a rather delicate situation. Among other strategies, the state has turned to the concepts of confession and forgiveness which have deep religious roots, and systematised them both at the individual and community or state level in order to bring about reconciliation, justice, social cohesion and ultimately economic development. In view of these strategies and challenges, some of the important questions are: Does forgiveness restore victims and empower them to heal their communities? What empirical evidence exists that religiously inspired justice and reconciliation processes after mass political violence make a difference? In what areas might the understanding of religious thought and activity towards transitional justice be deepened? These questions provide the backdrop against which I examine the case of post-genocide Rwanda in this article. A hermeneutic interpretative analysis is used to situate the phenomena of forgiveness, confession and social transformation within the specific context of post-conflict societies.

The Religious Dimension of George H.W. Bush has often been overlooked by his biographers. However, the entries in Bush's The China Diary along with his official comments on his experiences in China as President of the U.S., show clearly that Bush stands not only in a tradition which stresses the importance of Christian faith, Christian liturgy and Christian hymns, but also in a sort of Evangelical tradition, in which you openly both speak about and act on your faith. The imprint of the China experience is evident, both politically and spiritually, and the entries are congenial with, for example, the very clear religious dimension in the politics of Bush Sr. as President of the United States.

This volume contains a selection of papers that were originally presented at the International Conference on "Rethinking Realities, Reimagining Pluralism: Future Landscapes of Pluralism for Democratic Societies" held on 14-15 December 2010 at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysiar (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. This conference was jointly organised by the Institute of Ethnic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, CSR, Philanthropy and Transdisciplinary Action Group (CPTAG),Universiti Sains Malaysia and Linköping University, Sweden. It was also the final conference of the research project "Possibilities of Religious Pluralism", a joint project involving researchers from Sweden and Malaysia and funded by SIDA (Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency). The papers in this volume have been revised and updated for purposes of publication. This publication would not have been possible without the encouragement, help and support of several people and parties. I would like to record my heartfelt thanks to the researchers involved in the joint research on "Possibilities of Religious Pluralism" and on which some of the papers in this volume are based. They are Reevany Bustami, Ellisha Nasruddin and Peter Gan from Malaysia and Edgar Almén, Annika Rabo and Hans Ingvar Roth from Sweden. I also thank Monica Påhlsson at the Centre for Applied Ethics, Linkoping University, for editorial assistance. Last but not least I would like to express my thanks and gratitude to Distinguished Professor Datuk Shamsul Amri Baharuddin, Founding Director of the Institute of Ethnic Studies and Professor Dato' Sharifah Zaleha Syed Hassan, Principal Research Fellow of the Institute of Ethnic Studies for ensuring the speedy publication of this book. Editor November 2011 ; This book is also available in a printed version by Institute of Ethnic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia, Bangi 2011; Chapter authors: Peter Gan Chong Beng, Soraj Hongladarom, Hans Ingvar Roth,Edgar Almén and Dominic Cooray.