Suchergebnisse

On 27 September, 2014, the Faculty of Economics of Lomonosov MSU celebrated the 60th anniversary of the dean Alexander Auzan in the form of a scientific discussion. The subject matter of the symposium was "The institutional issues of the long-term socio-economic dynamics". The symposium was attended by more than 400 people including I. Abankina, T. Abankina, A. Aksakov, L. Alexeyeva, A. Arkhangelsky, Y. Beletsky, A. Dolgin, R. Enikolopov, S. Glazyev, A. Gnedovsky, A. Isaykin, R. Kapelyushnikov, G. Kleiner, B. Lapidus, A. Levinson, P. Medvedev, A. Nechayev, R. Nureev, L. Ovcharova, V. Polterovich, K. Rogov, A. Savatyugin, S. Shapiguzov, B. Skvortsov, G. Tosunyan, K. Zimarin, D. Zimin, N. Zubarevich.
Elvira Nabiullina, a graduate of the Faculty and the head of the Faculty's Board of Trustees, opened the symposium. Alexander Auzan presented the keynote speech where he addressed such topics as path dependence, modernization as an issue and as a hypothesis, the role of informal institutions and universities. The discussion was moderated by Ilya Lomakin-Rumyantsev, the vice-president of the Faculty's Development Council.
The path dependence problem is presented in the article from an interdisciplinary perspective. First insights into this problem appeared in the writings of Russian philosophers of the late XIX - early XX century, long before the American economists received the Nobel Prize for framing of the problem. Later the problem was specified in quantitative studies, followed by some versions of explanations. The new political economy raises the question of what can be done to cope with the problem and why certain hypotheses have failed. Individual studies of the author and his colleagues are primarily related to the role of universities.

The paper offers an overview of the trends and patterns behind researchers' focus shifting from strategies to business models in the sphere of management. Methodologically, the study rests on the set of traditional theories included in the strategic management paradigm, as well as the concepts of business models and platform economy. The authors examine various standpoints on the correlation between the terms "strategy" and "business model" in management and trace the genesis and prerequisites for the emergence of theoretical foundations that underlied business management in the 20th-21st centuries. We identify a number of factors behind the transition to a short-term model of company management. The paper demonstrates that a shift in the basic analytical management construct is due to heterogeneous elements of organization management, transformation of management logic "from the present to the future", the inclusion of microenvironment in the business ecosystem, etc. The research results can be of use in further empirical studies and in devising the methodological approaches to the development of relevant management tools based on the concept of business models.

The study provides estimates of the size of the fatherhood premium for the Czech Republic in the years 2006-2017, using data from the EU SILC survey. In the years 2006-2009, the fatherhood premium in the Czech Republic does not manifest itself if explanatory variables include the marriage premium and the partner's labour market participation. The fatherhood premium only starts to express itself in 2010 and the following years, when it reaches values from 11% to 15% as a consequence of a decision of families with high-income fathers to have a third child in the years after 2010.

We use EU SILC data for the Czech Republic to estimate the size of the motherhood penalty for the period 2006-2017. We find out that adjusted motherhood penalty amounts to 11-15% in the period 2006-2008. At that time, the Czech Republic appeared to be comparable to countries such as Germany and the UK. However, the motherhood penalty effectively disappears after 2009 and the Czech Republic is now placed in the same group with Scandinavian countries, France and Belgium. Despite that, there are still many obstacles for mothers to increase their labour market participation, which translate mainly into wage penalties via the experience and labour intensity channels. The study also supports other general evidence from cross-country motherhood penalty comparisons, motherhood penalty being mostly a phenomenon of middle-educated, married women located outside large cities, employed in private industry and having more than one child.

В статье исследуются основные подходы к определению сущности социального управления и контроля. Автор прослеживает эволюционирование представлений о социальном управлении и контроле в социально-философских и социологических концепциях. Особое внимание уделено рассмотрению различных концепций и подходов к интерпретации понятия и сути социального контроля.

This article analyzes the history, development, & continuity of the sociology of law within the context of Czech social & legal science since 1989. The sociology of law is depicted as a branch of both social & legal science that has suffered greatly from different political discontinuities & ideological repression during the communist era. After the 1989 political changes, the weak tradition of the Czech sociology of law had to be reconstituted. This development is mainly typical of the law faculties of different Czech universities, while academics trained in general sociology & social theory rather continue to ignore the importance & social functions of the legal system in the process of the postcommunist transformation of Czech society.

The evolution of Czech sociology, from its outset up until the present time, has had four lasting features: a tendency to put too much emphasis on personal grudges, a deep interest in the serious problems of the time, an ability for forming well-grounded statements on contemporary issues, & a natural plurality of opinions. These features are evident still in contemporary Czech sociology. In the postcommunist period, Czech sociology managed to come to terms with some of the more shadowy aspects of its past (cooperation with the regime) without any personal conflicts & was able to relatively quickly fill in the information gap in relationship to Western sociology. Several alternative interpretations of the transformation processes were formulated, & some neglected subject areas were cultivated. Impulses stemming from globalization are accepted in a critical & relatively reasonable manner, but there is a tangible lack of study devoted to cultural processes & the influence of mass media on society. Czech sociology has thus come to terms with the trauma that accompanies every fundamental social change, & has done so in a rational & practical manner.

Report about the book «Russian abroad: sources of historical researches, their evolution»

In this paper, we review antennas from the radio wave band to the optical band. The main characteristics of the antennas determining their operation are given. The class of nano-patch antennas (NPA) of the visible and near-infrared ranges is distinguished. The advantage of nano-patch antennas is the good directivity of the antenna radiation and the significant Purcell factor (>102 –103 ), while the technology for creating these antennas is quite simple. The paper also presents various types of photon radiation sources in NPA, among which molecular complexes, quantum dots and color centers in diamonds can be distinguished. On the basis of nano-patch antennas with quantum dots and color centers in nanodiamonds, it is possible to create sources of single photons with picosecond decay rates. The comparison of the characteristics of NPA depending on the shape of plasmon nanoparticles is presented.

A way out of the crisis state of the world economic system of capitalism, in which it is located due to the accumulation of a large number of insolvable contradictions, can be a radical change in the socio-economic structure of world economy. And what the future socio-economic system will look like will be influenced by various mechanisms of the "controlled" global chaos of the current geopolitical and geo-economic situation. One of the main such mechanisms is undoubtedly the established economic system of neocolonialism, which was the basis of the development of capitalism of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century. The form of neo-colonialism changed throughout its development. These transformations were accompanied by the evolution of scientists' views on this economic category. This article discusses the transformation in the views of scientist, leading experts and politicians from different corners of the world on neocolonialism, which began its existence in the second half of the twentieth century and currently exists.

Current transition to mega-regulation is the main trend of the financial regulatory reform. The paper examines this transition in a historical context as a natural result of evolution of the industrial organisation under globalization and conglomeration of financial sector. Alternative models of mega-regulation are dicussed: the "integral" approach, under which regulatory functions are concentrated within a single body, and the model of "twin peaks", when regulatory mandates are distributed between two institutions on the functional principle (macro stability and consumer financial protection). We prove that despite current bias towards integrated approach, demerging of regulators within the framework of the "twin peaks" model has a key advantage of eliminating intra-institutional regulatory trade-offs.