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Imprint varies: 1904, Press of Louis E. Tuzo and Company; 1911, Bureau of Supplies, Printing and Transportation. ; Mode of access: Internet.

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the factors that cause the conflict between the Executive and the Legislature in determining the fixation of Aceh Provincial Budget. The writer is using Power Relations Theory and the Behavior Approach Theory. The research approach is carried out using descriptive qualitative methods. Results showed that the factors that created conflict between the Executive and Legislative institution regarding the determination of APBA are: conflicts of interest between the Executive and Legislative parties, inconsistent political communication between the Executive and Legislative parties, differences in party ideology, and the absence of the governor in the budget discussion meeting.

Este artículo está dedicado al problema de combatir el extremismo en la Federación de Rusia con medios penales, y también sugiere soluciones para corregir a los condenados extremistas, para evitar la reaparición de crímenes de su parte tanto durante el cumplimiento de la condena como después de ser liberados de la misma. Los autores hacen sugerencias para mejorar la legislación en esta área. El artículo también considera la experiencia internacional en este asunto. Además, el artículo presenta las características personales de los delincuentes extremistas, así como los resultados de una encuesta a los condenados por estos crímenes. ; This article is dedicated to the problem of combating extremism in the Russian Federation with criminal means, and also suggests solutions to correct the convicted extremists, to prevent the reappearance of crimes on their part both during the execution of the sentence and after being released from it. The authors make suggestions to improve legislation in this area. The article also considers international experience in this matter. In addition, the article presents the personal characteristics of extremist criminals, as well as the results of a survey of those convicted of these crimes.

Although recent research has yielded some determining elements to civil war, the influence of politicalfactors on internal conflicts remains disputed. This article presents a critical review of the mostwidely used indices of democracy in civil war studies, and suggests that the competitiveness ofthe executive power can be a useful measure for quantitative conflict research. The paper alsoanalyses, by means of statistical regression, the relationship between the competitiveness in theexecutive recruitment and civil war incidence from 1976 to 2000. The findings indicate that bothsingle-candidate and multi-party elections reduce the incidence of civil war. Furthermore, theresults lend support to the hypotheses put forward by recent literature that ethnic fractionalisation,mountainous terrain, large population and centralised political systems significantly heighten therisk of incidence of civil war, while high GDP per capita and economic growth decrease the likelihoodof internal conflicts.

The objective of this essay is to analyze the polls conducted before the twenty four elections for local executives (Governors or Government's Head) in Mexico in the period of 2016-2018, by comparing their estimates against the results, using tools of political, statistical and demoscopic analysis. This exercise of joint evaluation of polls, never before done, provides many surprises that make it necessary to question old assumptions and risk new explanatory hypotheses about the reasons that favor accuracy in measurements; provisional hypotheses that must be compared with the data that bring new electoral events. In a central way, the results force to assume that the competition format in each election is the determining factor in the accuracy
observed by the polls.

The article discusses the definition and correlation of the concepts of "conflict" and "competence" and provides various expert opinions on this. In the methodology it is an analytical research based on documentary. In modern scientific literature, the clash of the rules of criminal law is called conflict of laws, using the definitions indicated as identical concepts. However, the authors point to the controversial nature of such an interpretation of those concepts. The causes of conflicts in the rules of Russian law are analyzed. Thereis also a detailed analysis of conflicts in the rules of domestic criminal law and criminal executive law. In the context of the topic studied, the authors refer to the categories of criminal law and criminal executive law as the principles of criminal law. It emphasizes by way of conclusion that the conflicts identified are not an exhaustive list, simply the authors of this work managed to consider only some aspects of the subject, therefore the conclusions and suggestions are not indisputable. In any case, the discussion of these issues is important to achieve coherence in the rules of criminal law and criminal executive law.

The purpose of this investigation is to analyze the role of the Administration in the context of a modern Administrative State, by offering a conceptual scheme that might be more suited for the better understanding of what the Administrative Office entails, and by commenting on some of the problems facing the basic theories that are usually cited for this purpose. What is ultimately argued is that western jurisprudence has usually favoured an understanding of the State that is centered on the liberal ideal of Rule by Law. Under this paradigm, the role of the Administration is limited to a mere executor of legislated mandates, minimizing its role in the search for the general interest. ; El objetivo de esta investigación es resituar conceptualmente a la Administración del Estado en el contexto de un Estado Administrativo moderno, ofreciendo un marco conceptual más adecuado para su correcta inteligencia y poniendo de relieve algunos déficits de las teorías trabajadas por la doctrina para dar cuenta de la actividad de intervención de la Administración. Lo anterior, con el propósito de mostrar que la tradición jurídica occidental ha sido reacia a aceptar configuraciones del Estado donde prevalezca la idea de Estado social, otorgando preeminencia al Estado de derecho liberalmente concebido. Bajo este paradigma, el lugar que corresponde a la Administración es el de un mero ejecutor de normas, no el de un Estado construido en torno a un propósito común: el interés general.