We study the role of the most primitive institution in society: the family. Its organization and relationship between generations shape values formation, economic outcomes and influences national institutions. We use a measure of family ties, constructed from the World Values Survey, to review and extend the literature on the effect of family ties on economic behavior and economic attitudes. We show that strong family ties are negatively correlated with generalized trust; they imply more household production and less participation in the labor market of women, young adult and elderly. They are correlated with lower interest and participation in political activities and prefer labor market regulation and welfare systems based upon the family rather than the market or the government. Strong family ties may interfere with activities leading to faster growth, but they may provide relief from stress, support to family members and increased wellbeing. We argue that the value regarding the strength of family relationships are very persistent over time, more so than institutions like labor market regulation or welfare systems.
NEW TO THIS EDITION: Key themes and theoretical orientation have been expanded to reflect developments in the field including the concept of ambivalence and increased attention to how what happens inside families relates to what happens outside them. Each chapter begins with questions to consider to guide readers' their learning as they pay attention to the critical issues. New discussion of current issues on research and policy. Chapters have been reorganized for emphasis and to bring clarity to the flow of ideas. The long-term intimate ties of middle-aged and older persons - spouse or partner, gay or straight - are explored in Chapters 3 and 4. The chapter on transitions in intimate relationships is now two chapters: Chapter 5 on transitions in intimate ties and Chapter 7 on new opportunities for intimacy in later life. Other intimate relationships and opportunities, including cohabitation, LAT (living apart together) and dating are discussed in Chapter 7. The growing complexity of family ties over the life course and the changing realities of what it is to be single or childless are examined. Discussion of the family lives of gay and lesbian middle-aged and older persons throughout in order to be deliberately inclusive regarding all aspects of family life rather than isolating the family ties of gay and lesbian persons in a separate chapter. Updated discussion of a range of research and policy issues as they relate to understanding and supporting complex and diverse family ties in the later stages of life. KEY FEATURES: Weaves the vast range of information about the many facets of family relationships and aging into a critical, comprehensive, and integrated whole. Explores a range of intimate relationships, what happens when they end, and pathways to intimacy in old age. Emphasizes diversity in terms of gender, age, class, race, ethnicity, and sexual orientation throughout to help readers learn about similarities and differences in family relationships as we age. Links the discussion of various family relationships in mid- and later life to current and future directions for research, practice, and policy. Chapters and sections end with a summary and conclusion, and quotes from various sources are used throughout to bring concepts to life.
The family and the family ties it creates shape the attitudes and behavior of a person who grows in it. They also have a decisive influence on the character of the family that they will start in the future. The values acquired in the family home will enable him to build and strengthen family ties, largely based on his own and family experiences.
The context of the research was the modern family, which, despite the many transformations that have occurred within it as a result of cultural and civilization changes, is still an inseparable element of human life, with a leading and leading role in the development of a child, at the same time defining its worldview as an adult.
The aim of the research was to show the changes occurring within the mutual relations between the family and the individual from the time perspective from the period defined by the so-called "Late modernity" or "postmodern society" up to the present (postmodernity). The author shows that the current shape of the family, which many researchers refer to as its crisis or even collapse, is the result of a long process involving changes in mutual obligations and at the same time the desire for individual development of members of that family. This leads to the rejection of existing forms and ties, the loss of traditional beliefs, knowledge and norms, and the creation of a new type of social bond.
The scientific method was applied in the form of multi-station ethnography (Marcus 2003), which is a method of conducting research in conditions of discontinuity of cultural formations, when supra-local factors influence the situation in a given locality, causing various "practices, anxieties and ambiguities" (Marcus 2003, p. 170).
The conclusions from this study were that the family, despite the weaknesses shown, is still an important institution for the individual. It is also the only institution that is able to defend an individual against negative aspects resulting from postmodernity. Therefore, in the policy of the state, it is necessary and necessary to pay more attention to the transformations of the family bond in the constantly changing socio-cultural conditions, in which the role of the traditional family is diminishing.
Explores the international effects of capital accumulation & the restructuring of labor markets with emphasis of the loss of family ties & ethnic solidarity of Fuzhounese illegal immigrants smuggled into New York City. Families on the Chinese mainland have unrealistic beliefs regarding US prosperity that are kept alive by the "snakehead" smugglers who prey on their business. Therefore, an offspring is sent ahead only to face debt, harsh poverty, & exploitation. The snakeheads & sweatshop owners manipulate family ties & ethnic solidarity to force the undocumented immigrants into superexploitative work. Global economic forces, international smugglers, weak US labor enforcement, & a declining organized labor movement have overcome kinship ties & family strategies, resulting in poverty & desperation rather than the building of a bridge for family immigration to prosperous conditions in the US. L. A. Hoffman
Abstract We study the relation between nuclear family ties and corruption. Our theoretical model shows that the population share of people who desire close ties with their families (i.e. the extensive margin) has an ambiguous effect on the level of corruption, due to the presence of conflicting mechanisms. However, the strength of this desire among people who want close family ties (i.e. the intensive margin) has an unambiguously negative effect on corruption. The latter outcome finds support from our empirical analysis: Using micro-level data, we show that, in contrast to conventional wisdom and cross-country reflections, stronger family ties are negatively correlated with a broad set of activities that measure corruption.
We establish an inverse relationship between family ties, generalized trust and political participation. The more individuals rely on the family as a provider of services, insurance, transfer of resources, the lower is civic engagement and political participation. The latter, together with trust, are part of what is known as social capital, therefore in this paper we contribute to the investigation of the origin and evolution of social capital over time. We establish these results using within country evidence and looking at the behavior of immigrants from various countries in 32 different destination places.
