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The Family and the Firm -- One The Family and the Firm Some Observations on Commerce and Banking in the Late 18th Century -- Baltic Affairs Swedish, Polish And Russian Loans -- Two Swedish Prelude -- Three Money for the Turkish War -- Four Polish Interlude -- Five A Dutch Broker at the Russian Court -- Six The Great Conversion -- Seven 'Les Traites du Nord' and Operation R. M. -- Eight Per Aspera ad Astra From the Suspension of Payments to the Arrangement of 1815 -- Iberian Affairs Silver, Diamonds and Cochineal -- Silver -- Nine Early Loans to Spain -- Ten The Franco-Spanish Financial Crisis -- Eleven Account 'X' -- Twelve Between Satellites and Napoleonites -- Thirteen The Spanish Morass -- Diamonds -- Fourteen The Portuguese Diamond Loan -- Cochineal -- Fifteen Cochineal in the Patriotic Era A Speculation which Went Awry -- Illustrations -- Appendices -- A. Annual Turnover -- B. The Henry Hope Collection of Pictures -- C. Swedish Loans -- D. Russian Loans -- E. The Portuguese Diamond Loan -- F. Cochineal -- G. Capital and Profit -- Sources and a list of Works Cited -- Sources -- A List of Works Cited -- Notes -- List of Illustrations and Table of Contents -- List of Illustrations.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- List of Tables and Graphs -- Forward -- Preface -- PROLOGUE: WORLD ECONOMY BETWEEN WARS -- Economic Aftermath of War -- Gold-Plated Standard -- World Depression -- Departure from Gold -- Defaulting Debtors -- Economic Autarchy and Rearmament -- Recession and World War -- I . DESCENT AND DEFICIT -- Stock Market Collapse -- Whistling in the Dark -- Fluctuations during Depression -- Public Purse Flattened -- Economy Enjoined -- New Deal Deficit Financing -- Deeper into Debt -- Recession and Renewed Spending -- Defense as Object of Spending -- Defense Deficits Accepted -- Response in Heavy Industries and Employment -- II . HOOVER' DEPRSESSION POLICIES -- America's Part in World Depression -- Restricted Imports Lessened Dollar Exchange -- Farm Relief Badly Needed -- Bumper Crops or Drought, but Always Mortgages -- Abortive Efforts of Farm Board -- Injurious Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930 -- Reconstruction Finance Corporation -- Unwelcome Publicity for Big Borrowers -- III . EVOLUTION OF RELIEF -- Embarrassing Reputation -- Bread Line for Business -- Scholars Had Few Solutions -- Counts of the Unemployed -- Basis of Unemployment Estimates -- Voluntary and Decennial Censuses -- Character of Unemployment -- Bankruptcy of Private Philanthropy -- Disappointed Reliance on Local Relief -- Starving in the Midst of Surplus -- Rural Idyll -- Shame of Anacostia Flats -- Portentous Forecast -- Hoover's Inhibited Public Works -- Save or Spend? -- IV. BANKING AND CURRENCY CRISIS -- New Deal "Brains Trust" -- Phenomenal Bank Failures -- Bank Paralysis -- Measures to Meet Financial Crisis -- Preparation for Inflation -- World Economic Conference Scuttled -- A Discomfited Messenger -- William Jennings Bryan Redivivus -- Domestic Intent Political, Worl dEffects Pernicious

The experience of the Economic Advisory Council provides the relevant policy background to the Keynesian revolution in economic theory, and to the adoption of the principles of economic management in Britain during the Second World War. This study of this pioneering advisory institution against the inter-war setting of depression, financial crisis and recovery is based on government records, supplemented by other contemporary sources. The book deals with the political and economic origins of the E.A.C. in the post-1918 decade; the role of the Council and its committees of inquiry as the world slump began to make an impact on an already depressed British economy; and the part played by individual economic advisers in the dramatic events which led to the fall of the second Labour Government and Britain's departure from the gold standard in 1931. Throughout the nineteenthirties the work of the Council was carried on by the Committee on Economic Information, which helped to provide the National Government with solutions to the complex and novel problems of a post-gold standard world. In addition to assessing the significance of the E.A.C. experiment, the book reprints a number of reports and gives a guide to the relevant documents in the public archives

Cover Page -- Half-title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Plates -- Author's Note -- Introduction: The Approach -- Prologue: The Strange Events of 1875 -- Part I: The Background -- 1. Russian Opinion and the War with Turkey -- 2. Franco-Russian Relations, 1879-1880 -- 3. New Tsar-New Alliance -- 4. A Bit About Personalities -- Part II: The Bulgarian "Gdchis -- 5. Complications in Bulgaria -- 6. The Unification of Bulgaria -- 7. The Aftermath of Unification -- 8. The Estrangement of 1886 -- 9. Katkov's Attack -- 10. The End of Battenberg -- 11. The Break Repaired -- Part III: The Reinsurance Treaty: Giers vs. Katkov -- 12. France in the Spectrum of Russian Finance -- 13. Bismarck's Anxieties -- 14. The Tsar's Crisis of Decision -- 15. France and the Russo-German Crisis -- 16. Russian Winter, 1887 -- 17. The Crisis Survived -- Part IV: The Demise of the Bismarckian System -- 18. The Aftermath of the Reinsurance Treaty -- 19. The Ferdinand Documents -- 20. The Deteriorating Three-Emperor Relationship -- 21. Financial and Military Stirrings -- 22. 1889. The Russian Break with Germany -- Conclusions -- Notes -- Bibliographical Essay -- Index.

As economic adviser and manager of the Central Reserve Bank of Peru, Pedro-Pablo Kuczynski observed at first hand the crisis that preceded the overthrow of the Belaúnde administration on October 3, 1968. His role in the economic policies of that era enables him to provide an insider's view and analysis of the financial and economic problems besetting a democratic regime in a developing country. The author pays particular attention to the reasons for the difficulties of the administration after a promising beginning. He considers the main actors during the period 1966-1968, their central motives, the role of the opposition-controlled Congress, the government's efforts to cope with economic and financial problems, and the role of U.S. foreign policy. The initial successes of the administration in areas such as social participation depended on the initiative of a few key figures-a dependence that contributed to the crisis of 1966-1968.Originally published in 1977.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

1. The Reasons for Self-Criticism of the Unidad Popular Government -- 2. General Considerations on the Chilean Economic Structure -- 1. Antecedents in the Structure of Chile's Economy -- 2. The Economic and Political Antecedents of the Economic Situation -- 3. Some General Considerations -- Notes -- Tables -- Statistical Appendix -- 3. Structural Transformations in Chile's Economy and in its System of External Economic Relations -- 1. From the Structural Crisis to the Transformation Crisis -- 2. The Legacy of the Capitalist Economic Structure -- 3. The Nature and Extent of the Structural Changes -- 4. The Internal Economic Effects of the Changes -- 5. The Reaction of Other Countries to the Chilean Structural Changes -- 6. The External Stranglehold -- 7. The External Financing Policy and the Deficit -- 8. Conclusions -- Notes -- Tables -- 4. The Foreign Policy of the Unidad Popular Government -- 1.–12. -- Notes -- 6. The External Sector and the Policies of the Unidad Popular Government -- 1. The Chilean Economy during the 1960s -- 2. Foreign Trade Policy -- 3. Some Considerations on the Economic Blockade during the 1970–73 Period -- Notes -- Tables -- 6. Nationalization of Copper in Chile and its International Repercussions -- 1. Chile and the U.S. Copper Companies, 1920–70 -- 2. Nationalization of Copper in 1971 -- 3. The Development of the International Conflict on Chilean Copper: the Causes and Consequences -- 4. Conclusions -- Notes -- Tables -- 7. The Industrial Sector: Areas of Social and Mixed Property in Chile -- 1. National and Foreign-Owned Monopolies in the Urban-Industrial System -- 2. The APSM in Industry -- 3. The Formation of the APSM in Industry -- 4. The APSM and Domestic Financial Problems -- 5. The Internal Organization of the APSM in Industry -- 6. Industrial Production in the APSM and External Difficulties -- Notes -- Tables -- 8. Nationalization of the Banking System in Chile -- 1. Characteristics of the Banking and Financial System in 1970 -- 2. The UP Government's Policy of Nationalizing Banks -- 3. How the Nationalized System Worked -- 4. The Features of Nationalized Banking in Chile -- 5. Conclusions -- Notes -- 9. Inflation in Chile and the Political Economy of the Unidad Popular Government -- 1. Inflation and Economic Disequilibria -- 2. Determinants of the Economic Evolution during 1971–73 -- 3. A Description of the Inflationary Process during 1971–73 -- 4. The Dynamics of Economic Disequilibria -- 5. Conclusions -- Notes -- Tables -- 10. The Process of Transformation and the Role of International Cooperation: an Observer#x2019;s View -- 1. The UP's Economic Programme -- 2. The Transformation Process and the Role of Foreign Assistance -- 3. Chile's Development and Foreign Assistance -- 4. International Cooperation for Development -- Notes -- Table.