Suchergebnisse

Promotion of domestic companies interests abroad is the main task of economic diplomacy. Promotion of domestic goods and services in foreign markets ensures the coun- try's stable position in the world economy and economic stability within the state. Following economic boost, world trade and especially export growth may ensure not only country's economy growth, but also citizens welfare through mechanisms for reallocating funds. Value-added exports development in Russia has been brought to the rank of one of the key government goals. Russia has an export promotion institutions system. Some institu- tions have long history. Others have been created recently and based on foreign practices. The Russian government has developed the national project "International cooperation and export", it sets the goal to ensure export growth through effective interaction of existing institutions. The article reviews the foreign and domestic practices of export support through financial and non-financial instruments. They include market analysis tools, exhibition support, popu- larizing exports within the country, various export credit and insurance instruments pro- tecting the exporter from political risks in foreign markets. Author analyzes the legislative framework of key support measures and possible ways to improve efficiency by eliminating duplication in various institutions functions. It should provide a synergistic effect boosting their efficiency. The methodology of the study is based on a comprehensive analysis of the modern export promotion institutions system in Russia and abroad, a regulatory analysis of fundamental documents and a comparative analysis of export support measures. The extensive research subject has provided the usage of an interdisciplinary approach covering economic and po- litical research.

Hong Kong is facing an ageing population and increased life expectancy. However, Hong Kong does not have a universal pension system and the income security of older people is therefore increasingly discussed. The main income sources of older people are earnings from employment and from savings and investments, as well as government welfare, and financial support from their families. However, income from employment, savings and investments are limited. Also, social policy in Hong Kong follows the residual model that it is the duty of a family to provide support to their family members, and government financial support plays a minor role. In other words, since the structure of the population is changing and limited support from other income sources, it is important to take a closer look at upward financial support. The major objective of this study is to examine which model of motivation best explains upward financial transfer in the Hong Kong context. Three theories of motivation of intergenerational support are selected to explore which model(s) could be suitable for use in Hong Kong. These are the Power and Bargaining Model, the Mutual Aid Model and the Altruism Model. Cross-sectional data was collected from surveys of 200 older people in elderly centers. Respondents were asked whether they received financial support from their children or not. The primary aim was to discover the dominant motivation for upward financial support. The dominant model was found to be the Altruism Model. The Altruism Model is based on parents' economic needs. In other words, this study reveals that supporting parents' needs is a crucial motivation for intergenerational financial support in HK. Meanwhile, the findings also reveal that having more children, living together with children, having a closer relationship with children, and children with higher education are significantly associated with upward financial support. These findings have valuable implications. The findings enrich our theoretical understanding of the motivation of upward financial support in Hong Kong. Also, the findings contribute some suggestions for elderly social policy making. ; published_or_final_version ; Social Work and Social Administration ; Master ; Master of Philosophy

After the launch of governmental financial support for the development of a regional suicide prevention programme, &lsquo ; Emergency Fund to Enhance Community-Based Suicide Countermeasure&rsquo ; in 2009, suicide mortality rates in Japan have decreased from 25.7 (in 2009) to 16.5 (in 2018) per 100,000 population. Therefore, to explore the effects of governmental financial support on suicide mortality rates in Japan, the present study determined the relationship between the trends of empirical Bayes standardised Mobile Ratio of suicide mortality ratio in all 47 Japanese prefectures (EBSMR-RR) and the execution amounts of 10 sub-divisions of &lsquo ; Emergency Fund to Enhance Community-Based Suicide Countermeasure&rsquo ; using stepwise multiple regression analysis. The female EBSMR-RR was only significantly/inversely related to the municipal &lsquo ; development of listeners and leaders&rsquo ; whereas male EBSMR-RR was significantly/inversely related to prefectural &lsquo ; enlightenment&rsquo ; and &lsquo ; intervention models&rsquo ; but significantly/directly related to prefectural &lsquo ; personal consultation support&rsquo ; . The present findings suggest the inverse relationship between financial support and the suicide mortality rates in Japan. Furthermore, the independent factors in the reduction of suicide mortality rates between males and females provide important information for planning a scientifically evidence-based and more cost-effective regional suicide prevention programmes.

Mestrado em Ensino Superior ; Este estudo procura analisar as percepções dos administradores de acção social em relação às políticas de apoio financeiro aos alunos, nomeadamente: "Government Scholarship Schemes, Student Loan Fund Schema (SLF) e Income Contingent Loan Scheme (ICL)". Estes sistemas são providenciados aos alunos de formação inicial através das instituições de ensino superior. Foi elaborado e administrado um questionário a todos os administradores cujos dados foram submetidos a análise quantitativa e qualitativa. Dos 141 questionários distribuídos 73 foram devolvidos o que representa uma taxa de resposta de 52%. Os dados revelam a existência de um forte consenso nos administradores relativamente aos assuntos em análise. Em geral, os administradores reconhecem a importância das políticas e os seus efeitos na sociedade, no sistema e nas instituições. A análise revela a existência de percepções positivas em relação aos resultados das políticas e desejos para melhorar a concepção administrativa. Os sistemas de apoio aos alunos foram percepcionados como possuindo papéis e características distintas. Entre estes, o SLF é percepcionado como o mais adequado para o sistema de ensino superior Tailandês, enquanto o ICL corresponde ao que tem níveis menos satisfatórios para estes administradores. As percepções dos administradores foram reveladas tanto com base em questões fechadas como abertas tratadas com base em análise quantitativa e qualitativa. ABSTRACT: This study explores the perceptions of student affair administrators concerning the role of three student financial support policies consisting of: Government Scholarship schemes, Student Loan Fund scheme (SLF), and Income Contingent Loan scheme (ICL) which Thai government provided for undergraduate students and their implementation in the higher education institutions. A survey instrument was developed and administered for quantitative and qualitative analysis. 73 of the possible 141 surveys distributed were returned for an overall response rate of 52%. ...