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Florence Nightingale is famous as the ""lady with the lamp"" in the Crimean War, 1854-56. There is a massive amount of literature on this work, but, as editor Lynn McDonald shows, it is often erroneous, and films and press reporting on it have been even less accurate. The Crimean War reports on Nightingale's correspondence from the war hospitals and on the staggering amount of work she did post-war to ensure that the appalling death rate from disease (higher than that from bullets) did not recur. This volume contains much on Nightingale's efforts to achieve real reforms. Her well-known

"This is the first biography told from a post-feminist perspective, about one of the world's most famous women. Born into Victorian Britain's elite, a brilliant, magnetic teenager decided to devote her life to becoming a nurse. By creating a career for women that empowered them with economic independence, Florence Nightingale stands among the founders of modern feminism"--

Cover -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Dramatis Personae -- List of Illustrations -- Florence Nightingale: A Précis of Her Life -- An Introduction to Volume 16 -- The Need for Hospital Reform -- The Pavilion Principle -- Nurses' Working and Living Conditions -- Germ Theory, Contagion and Infection -- Chronology of Nightingale's Work on Hospital Reform -- Key to Editing -- Notes on Hospitals -- Notes on Hospitals, 1st and 2nd editions 1858 and 1859 -- [Sixteen Sanitary Defects in the Construction of Hospital Wards] -- Note on the Hospital Plans -- Notes on Hospitals, 3rd edition 1863 -- 1. Sanitary Condition of Hospitals -- 2. Defects in Existing Hospital Plans and Construction -- 3. Principles of Hospital Construction -- 4. Improved Hospital Plans -- 5. Convalescent Hospitals -- 6. Children's Hospitals -- 7. Indian Military Hospitals -- 8. Hospitals for Soldiers' Wives and Children -- 9. Hospital Statistics -- B. Proposal for Improved Statistics of Surgical Operations -- Nomenclature of Operations -- Appendix on Different Systems of Hospital Nursing -- Distribution, Reviews and Response to Notes on Hospitals -- Military Hospitals: Letters, Notes, Articles and Reports -- Military Hospitals: Letters, Notes, Articles and Reports -- Nightingale's Articles on Netley -- A Contribution to the Sanitary History of the British Army -- Gordon Boys' Home, 1885-90 -- Civil Hospitals: Letters and Notes -- Civil Hospitals: Letters and Notes -- List of Civil Hospitals on which Nightingale Advised -- The Lisbon Children's Hospital, 1859-60 -- Glasgow Royal Infirmary, 1859-61 -- ''Hospital Statistics and Hospital Plans'' -- ''Winchester Infirmary,'' Hampshire County Hospital, 1858-64 -- Midlands Hospitals, 1860-67 -- Buckinghamshire Infirmary, Aylesbury, 1859-69 -- Malta Civil Hospitals, 1862-65 -- Swansea General Hospital, 1864-65 -- Derby Infirmary, 1864-69.

Volume 9: Florence Nightingale on Health in India is the first of two volumes reporting Nightingale's forty years of work to improve public health in India. It begins with her work to establish the Royal Commission on the Sanitary State of the Army in India, for which she drafted questionnaires, analyzed returns, and did much of the final writing, going on to promote the implementation of its recommendations. In this volume a gradual shift of attention can be seen from the health of the army to that of the civilian population. Famine and epidemics were frequent and closely interrelated occur

Mysticism and Eastern Religions, the fourth volume in the Collected Works and the third on Nightingale's religion, begins with the publication for the first time of Florence Nightingale's Notes on Devotional Authors of the Middle Ages, translations from and comments on the medieval (and some later) mystics who nourished her own life of faith. Next come her annotations of and comments on the Imitation of Christ, a book to which she turned in times of distress. The largest part of the volume consists of her Letters from Egypt, written 1849-50, a significant period in her own intellectual and s

Acknowledgments; Dramatis Personae; List of Illustrations; Florence Nightingale: A Précis of Her Life; Introduction to Volume 10; Key to Editing; Implementing Sanitary Reform; Village and Town Sanitation; Land Tenure and Rent Reform; Reform in Credit, Co-operatives, Education and Agriculture; The Condition of Women in India; Social and Political Evolution; Nightingale's Last Work on India and a Retrospective; Appendix A: Biographical Sketches; Appendix B: British Officials in Nightingale's Time; Appendix C: Spelling of Indian Place Names; Glossary; Bibliography; Index

Social Change in India shows the shift of focus that occurred during Florence Nightingale's more than forty years of work on public health in India. While the focus in the preceding volume, Health in India, was top-down reform, notably in the Royal Commission on the Sanitary State of the Army in India, this book documents concrete proposals for self-government, especially at the municipal level, and the encouragement of leading Indian nationals themselves. Famine and related epidemics continue to be issues, demonstrating the need for public works like irrigation and for greater self-help meas.

Richard A. Goldthwaite, a leading economic historian of the Italian Renaissance, has spent his career studying the Florentine economy. In this magisterial work, Goldthwaite brings together a lifetime of research and insight on the subject, clarifying and explaining the complex workings of Florence's commercial, banking, and artisan sectors. Florence was one of the most industrialized cities in medieval Europe, thanks to its thriving textile industries. The importation of raw materials and the exportation of finished cloth necessitated the creation of commercial and banking practices that extended far beyond Florence's boundaries. Part I situates Florence within this wider international context and describes the commercial and banking networks through which the city's merchant-bankers operated. Part II focuses on the urban economy of Florence itself, including various industries, merchants, artisans, and investors. It also evaluates the role of government in the economy, the relationship of the urban economy to the region, and the distribution of wealth throughout the society. While political, social, and cultural histories of Florence abound, none focuses solely on the economic history of the city. The Economy of Renaissance Florence offers both a systematic description of the city's major economic activities and a comprehensive overview of its economic development from the late Middle Ages through the Renaissance to 1600

"Dress became a testing ground for masculine ideals in Renaissance Italy. With the establishment of the ducal regime in Florence in 1530, there was increasing debate about how to be a nobleman. Was fashionable clothing a sign of magnificence or a source of mockery? Was the graceful courtier virile or effeminate? How could a man dress for court without bankrupting himself? This book explores the whole story of clothing, from the tailor's workshop to spectacular court festivities, to show how the male nobility in one of Italy's main textile production centres used their appearances to project social, sexual, and professional identities. Sixteenth-century male fashion is often associated with swagger and ostentation but this book shows that Florentine clothing reflected manhood at a much deeper level, communicating a very Italian spectrum of male virtues and vices, from honour, courage, and restraint to luxury and excess. Situating dress at the heart of identity formation, Currie traces these codes through an array of sources, including unpublished archival records, surviving garments, portraiture, poetry, and personal correspondence between the Medici and their courtiers. Addressing important themes such as gender, politics, and consumption, Fashion and Masculinity in Renaissance Florence sheds fresh light on the sartorial culture of the Florentine court and Italy as a whole"--

Volume 15 of the Collected Works of Florence Nightingale, Wars and the War Office, picks up on the previous volume's recounting of Nightingale's famous work during the Crimean War and the comprehensive analysis she did on its high death rates. This volume moves on to the implementation of the recommendations that emerged from that research and to her work to reduce deaths in the next wars, beginning with the American Civil War. Nightingale's writings describe the creation of the Army Medical School, the vast improvements made in the statistical tracking of disease, and new measures for soldiers' welfare. Her role in the formulation of the first Geneva Convention in 1864 is related, along with her concern that voluntary relief efforts through the Red Cross not make war "cheap." Nightingale was decorated by both sides for her work in the Franco-Prussian War. While much of her work concerned the mundane sending out of supplies, we see also in her writing her emerging interest in militarism as the cause of war. Her opposition to the Afghan War (of her time) and her work to provide nursing for the Egyptian campaigns, the Zulu War, and the start of the Boer War are also included