Suchergebnisse

Purpose: To evaluate folic acid quantity by spectrophotometrical method, in food supplements sold in Lithuania. Objectives: 1. Conduct a review on supply of notified folic acid supplements and registered medicaments in Lithuania. 2. Choose the conditions of spectrophotometric methodology for determintion of folic acid quantity in food supplements. 3. Compare the spectrograms of folic acid in food supplements. 4. Compare the quantities of folic acid in food supplements. Methods: Method of the research –spectrophotometric analysis. The spectrograms of six folic acid food supplements are analyzed. Three of these supplements are used to determine quantity of folic acid, the absorbance is measured at 283 nm wavelength. Data analysis was performed using microsoft office excel 2010. Results and conclusions: 1. According to SMCA and SFVS lists of products, review of folic acid preparations showed that majority of these preparations are made in European Union, most of these preparations are multicomplex and in tablet or capsule dosage unit, with Vit. B12 (78,38 % ), Vit. B6 (64,84 % ), Vit. C (43,24 % ) and iron (40,54 % ). Majority of folic acid preparations in market are sold as tablets or capsules, most common dosage in unit is 400 μg folic acid 2. A qualitative analysis of folic acid in food supplements has showed that spectrograms of three samples(no. 1, no. 2, no. 3 ) corresponds to spectrogram of folic acid standart. The spectrograms of other 3 samples (no. 4, no. 5, no. 6 ) did not correspond to spectrogram of folic acid standart, evaluation of these samples with Vit. B6 and potato starch showed that these substances in food supplement influence the quantity determination of folic acid 3. The Spectrophotometrical method is suitable for quantity determination of folic acid in single active component food supplements without starch 4. Quantitative spectrophotometrical analysis of food supplements with folic acid has been performed. The results shows: closest to declared quantity was in Sample no.1 – 97,06 % . and Sample no. 2 -95,47 %. Only Sample no. 3 , exceeded declared quantity by 13,16 %. Samples are in the range of tolerance and meets the requirements of European commision.

Purpose: To evaluate folic acid quantity by spectrophotometrical method, in food supplements sold in Lithuania. Objectives: 1. Conduct a review on supply of notified folic acid supplements and registered medicaments in Lithuania. 2. Choose the conditions of spectrophotometric methodology for determintion of folic acid quantity in food supplements. 3. Compare the spectrograms of folic acid in food supplements. 4. Compare the quantities of folic acid in food supplements. Methods: Method of the research –spectrophotometric analysis. The spectrograms of six folic acid food supplements are analyzed. Three of these supplements are used to determine quantity of folic acid, the absorbance is measured at 283 nm wavelength. Data analysis was performed using microsoft office excel 2010. Results and conclusions: 1. According to SMCA and SFVS lists of products, review of folic acid preparations showed that majority of these preparations are made in European Union, most of these preparations are multicomplex and in tablet or capsule dosage unit, with Vit. B12 (78,38 % ), Vit. B6 (64,84 % ), Vit. C (43,24 % ) and iron (40,54 % ). Majority of folic acid preparations in market are sold as tablets or capsules, most common dosage in unit is 400 μg folic acid 2. A qualitative analysis of folic acid in food supplements has showed that spectrograms of three samples(no. 1, no. 2, no. 3 ) corresponds to spectrogram of folic acid standart. The spectrograms of other 3 samples (no. 4, no. 5, no. 6 ) did not correspond to spectrogram of folic acid standart, evaluation of these samples with Vit. B6 and potato starch showed that these substances in food supplement influence the quantity determination of folic acid 3. The Spectrophotometrical method is suitable for quantity determination of folic acid in single active component food supplements without starch 4. Quantitative spectrophotometrical analysis of food supplements with folic acid has been performed. The results shows: closest to declared quantity was in Sample no.1 – 97,06 % . and Sample no. 2 -95,47 %. Only Sample no. 3 , exceeded declared quantity by 13,16 %. Samples are in the range of tolerance and meets the requirements of European commision.

Thesis research was based on state food and veterinary service veterinarians survey answers. After veterinarians of 32 districts were questioned, animal welfare situation in Lithuania, the most important problems with which veterinarians face during audits, most common companion animal welfare violations and measures which, in veterinarians' opinion, could improve state food and veterinary service work ensuring animal welfare were established. Also animal welfare legislation in Lithuania and Europe union was analysed in thesis, and some legalized measures to ensure animal welfare in other Europe countries.

Thesis research was based on state food and veterinary service veterinarians survey answers. After veterinarians of 32 districts were questioned, animal welfare situation in Lithuania, the most important problems with which veterinarians face during audits, most common companion animal welfare violations and measures which, in veterinarians' opinion, could improve state food and veterinary service work ensuring animal welfare were established. Also animal welfare legislation in Lithuania and Europe union was analysed in thesis, and some legalized measures to ensure animal welfare in other Europe countries.

The aim of the paper is to evaluate the use of hydrogenated fats in food production by analyzing the market, labelling and consumer attitudes. Methodology: the first part of this study consists of the analysis of the market. For this purpose various packages of margarine, spreadable fat mixes, buns, biscuits and cakes were collected and analyzed. The study was conducted in January – March 2017 in four supermarkets. During the study eighty-eight food packages were collected and analyzed. The second part of the study consists of a questionnaire – based survey conducted in February – March 2017. The questionnaire was published on a website www.apklausa.lt. 225 persons were interviewed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0, Microsoft Word and Excel. Results: the market analysis showed that almost all manufacturers comply with labelling requirements. However, there is a tendency that manufacturers who use hydrogenated fats in products do not always indicate them directly but, for example, indicate a use of margarine in the ingredients. The survey showed that the majority of respondents have not heard about hydrogenated fats but if they were indicated on the package, 80% of respondents would not buy such product at all or try to avoid them. Conclusions: the market analysis showed that the HN 119:2014 "Food Labeling Regulation" and Regulations (EU) No 1169/2011 of The European Parliament and of The Council requirements are partly met. The use of hydrogenated fat on the ingriedient list is reflected in the 15 % of analysed production. Only 45 % of respondents have heard about hydrogenated fat. The respondents noted that if the use of hydrogenated fats was indicated on the product packages, 80 % of respondents would not buy such products at all or try to avoid them.

The aim of the paper is to evaluate the use of hydrogenated fats in food production by analyzing the market, labelling and consumer attitudes. Methodology: the first part of this study consists of the analysis of the market. For this purpose various packages of margarine, spreadable fat mixes, buns, biscuits and cakes were collected and analyzed. The study was conducted in January – March 2017 in four supermarkets. During the study eighty-eight food packages were collected and analyzed. The second part of the study consists of a questionnaire – based survey conducted in February – March 2017. The questionnaire was published on a website www.apklausa.lt. 225 persons were interviewed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0, Microsoft Word and Excel. Results: the market analysis showed that almost all manufacturers comply with labelling requirements. However, there is a tendency that manufacturers who use hydrogenated fats in products do not always indicate them directly but, for example, indicate a use of margarine in the ingredients. The survey showed that the majority of respondents have not heard about hydrogenated fats but if they were indicated on the package, 80% of respondents would not buy such product at all or try to avoid them. Conclusions: the market analysis showed that the HN 119:2014 "Food Labeling Regulation" and Regulations (EU) No 1169/2011 of The European Parliament and of The Council requirements are partly met. The use of hydrogenated fat on the ingriedient list is reflected in the 15 % of analysed production. Only 45 % of respondents have heard about hydrogenated fat. The respondents noted that if the use of hydrogenated fats was indicated on the product packages, 80 % of respondents would not buy such products at all or try to avoid them.

Today, the growing importance takes on international trade and international relations. Sometimes there are certain contradictions between the countries. These contradictions usually occur through the restriction of international trade which affects not only the macroeconomic indicators of countries, but also the population of the country. One of the most common ways of limiting international trade is embargo. Since Russia announced an embargo on imports of foodstuffs in the EU countries, the exports of food products to Russia has significantly decreased in the EU countries. This decrease in exports has had a negative impact not only to the relations between the countries but also to the economies of the countries.

Today, the growing importance takes on international trade and international relations. Sometimes there are certain contradictions between the countries. These contradictions usually occur through the restriction of international trade which affects not only the macroeconomic indicators of countries, but also the population of the country. One of the most common ways of limiting international trade is embargo. Since Russia announced an embargo on imports of foodstuffs in the EU countries, the exports of food products to Russia has significantly decreased in the EU countries. This decrease in exports has had a negative impact not only to the relations between the countries but also to the economies of the countries.

Today, the growing importance takes on international trade and international relations. Sometimes there are certain contradictions between the countries. These contradictions usually occur through the restriction of international trade which affects not only the macroeconomic indicators of countries, but also the population of the country. One of the most common ways of limiting international trade is embargo. Since Russia announced an embargo on imports of foodstuffs in the EU countries, the exports of food products to Russia has significantly decreased in the EU countries. This decrease in exports has had a negative impact not only to the relations between the countries but also to the economies of the countries.

Today, the growing importance takes on international trade and international relations. Sometimes there are certain contradictions between the countries. These contradictions usually occur through the restriction of international trade which affects not only the macroeconomic indicators of countries, but also the population of the country. One of the most common ways of limiting international trade is embargo. Since Russia announced an embargo on imports of foodstuffs in the EU countries, the exports of food products to Russia has significantly decreased in the EU countries. This decrease in exports has had a negative impact not only to the relations between the countries but also to the economies of the countries.

Materials and products that interfere with food products not always are inactive, therefore, it is very important to identify the chemical substance and its amount to prevent health of customers and to evaluate the legislation that may be interrupted. This work has estimated materials, migration of chemical substances and factors of their stimulation etc. that contribute with food products. Many scientific publications about products and materials that interfere with food products and theory about chemical components that migrate from package to food have been analyzed in this final work of master degree. The practical part of this research was performed by using the data collection and analysis packages' methods.

Materials and products that interfere with food products not always are inactive, therefore, it is very important to identify the chemical substance and its amount to prevent health of customers and to evaluate the legislation that may be interrupted. This work has estimated materials, migration of chemical substances and factors of their stimulation etc. that contribute with food products. Many scientific publications about products and materials that interfere with food products and theory about chemical components that migrate from package to food have been analyzed in this final work of master degree. The practical part of this research was performed by using the data collection and analysis packages' methods.

In today's society, an increasing attention is being devoted to protect the environment surrounding us from pollution. Every year there is an increased concern about wastewater treatment and handling shown in the legislation. Although the largest amounts of discharged wastewater are in surface waters, the most polluting wastewater is industrial wastewater, which includes wastewater from meat. Such wastewater contains both biogenic and both mineral and organic pollutants. Also, various microorganisms – viruses and disease distributors [1]. More and more attention is being paid to the final cleaning of such sewage in order to minimize the consumption of water by using such sewage for a second time. The sewage for the experiment was taken from the UAB "Samsonas" butchery. The wastewater is biologically treated before being released to the environment. The sewage used for the experiment was taken at the time of discharge, after biological treatment. Biological treatment for butchery's wastewater alone is not enough to use them for the second time in order to minimise the usage of water. In pursuance to completely clean such wastewater and to reuse it, it is possible to adapt the advanced oxidation methods suitable for the system. The purpose of this work was to prepare biologically treated wastewater from the meat processing industry for second use.

In today's society, an increasing attention is being devoted to protect the environment surrounding us from pollution. Every year there is an increased concern about wastewater treatment and handling shown in the legislation. Although the largest amounts of discharged wastewater are in surface waters, the most polluting wastewater is industrial wastewater, which includes wastewater from meat. Such wastewater contains both biogenic and both mineral and organic pollutants. Also, various microorganisms – viruses and disease distributors [1]. More and more attention is being paid to the final cleaning of such sewage in order to minimize the consumption of water by using such sewage for a second time. The sewage for the experiment was taken from the UAB "Samsonas" butchery. The wastewater is biologically treated before being released to the environment. The sewage used for the experiment was taken at the time of discharge, after biological treatment. Biological treatment for butchery's wastewater alone is not enough to use them for the second time in order to minimise the usage of water. In pursuance to completely clean such wastewater and to reuse it, it is possible to adapt the advanced oxidation methods suitable for the system. The purpose of this work was to prepare biologically treated wastewater from the meat processing industry for second use.

In today's society, an increasing attention is being devoted to protect the environment surrounding us from pollution. Every year there is an increased concern about wastewater treatment and handling shown in the legislation. Although the largest amounts of discharged wastewater are in surface waters, the most polluting wastewater is industrial wastewater, which includes wastewater from meat. Such wastewater contains both biogenic and both mineral and organic pollutants. Also, various microorganisms – viruses and disease distributors [1]. More and more attention is being paid to the final cleaning of such sewage in order to minimize the consumption of water by using such sewage for a second time. The sewage for the experiment was taken from the UAB "Samsonas" butchery. The wastewater is biologically treated before being released to the environment. The sewage used for the experiment was taken at the time of discharge, after biological treatment. Biological treatment for butchery's wastewater alone is not enough to use them for the second time in order to minimise the usage of water. In pursuance to completely clean such wastewater and to reuse it, it is possible to adapt the advanced oxidation methods suitable for the system. The purpose of this work was to prepare biologically treated wastewater from the meat processing industry for second use.