Suchergebnisse

The purpose of this essay is to analyze the impact of foreign trade upon the state and civil society in the first decades of Mexican independence. It will focus both on socioeconomic and political aspects of that impact. First, it examines the foreign trade at the end of the colonial period and the first decades of independence by reviewing available data. Second, it gives a brief description of some of the most outstanding consequences of this trade in respect to distribution of the imported goods, and unemployment related to the overflow of foreign products, especially textiles. Third, the essay outlines two types of state reaction: a more defensive reaction, pointing out certain aspects of fiscal and customs policy concerning foreign trade (protective tariffs); and a more offensive reaction by the state which promoted industrialization in order to become more independent from imports. This last aspect of industrialization, however, is discussed only in terms of foreign contribution (import of machinery, skilled workers/technicians, investment of "foreign" capital) to the process of modernization. Finally, the essay concludes by trying to provide an answer to the question of why the early attempts at industrialization failed.

De Wetenschappelijke Raad voor het Regeringsbeleid (WRR) bepleit in zijn rapport Aan het buitenland gehecht een nieuwe aanpak van het buitenlandbeleid. De wereld om ons heen is onderhevig aan veranderende machtsverhoudingen, wordt bevolkt door andere spelers dan in het verleden, en wordt gekenmerkt door een sterkere verknoping van nationale en internationale vraagstukken. Dit vraagt om nieuwe antwoorden, om een heroriëntatie op het buitenlandbeleid. Het rapport wordt op 30 november namens de regering in ontvangst genomen door de minister van Buitenlandse Zaken, dr. U. Rosenthal. Het rapport st

The breakup of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1991 had significant repercussions on Chinese politics, foreign policy, and other aspects. In this book, Jie Li examines the evolution of Chinese intellectual perceptions of the Soviet Union in the 1980s and 1990s, before and after the collapse. Relying on a larger body of updated Chinese sources, Li re-evaluates many key issues in post-Mao Chinese Sovietology, arguing that the Chinese views on the Soviet Union had been influenced and shaped by the ups-and-downs of Sino-Soviet (and later Sino-Russian) relations, China's domestic political climate, and the political developments in Moscow. By researching the country of the Soviet Union, Chinese Soviet-watchers did not focus on the USSR alone, but mostly attempted to confirm and legitimize the Chinese state policies of reform and open door in both decades. By examining the Soviet past, Chinese scholars not only demonstrated concern for the survival of the CCP regime, but also attempted to envision the future direction and position of China in the post-communist world

Chile and its foreign policy: Trance and transition from the Great War to the Cold War (1914-1964) is a collective book that brings together the advances and results of research related to the main problems that characterized Chile's international relations at the regional level. , continental and global from the vision that the Chilean political leaders and diplomats projected as part of a strategy of greater ties with the region and the world in a complex period of transition for Latin American countries. These States had to make decisions that impacted both politics and the economy, this being the main challenge that had to be faced during the time frame considered in the book, where the end of the belle époque, the development and consequences of the I World War, the emergence of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the birth of the League of Nations, the consolidation of European totalitarianism and American hegemony in America, the crisis of 1929, the outbreak of World War II and its end , brought with it the transition to a critical stage for the world, such as the emergence of the Cold War with bipolarity, political and military conflicts, and the latency of nuclear destruction.

"Collection of insightful articles analyze the features of Venezuela's foreign policy, its foundations, and decision-making processes. Discusses future prospects and recommends changes in the context of a more general process of State reform. Includes concise but well-documented studies of the evolution of Venezuela's foreign policy, its institutional complexity and economic aspects, the role of the military, and characteristics of the foreign service and diplomatic corps. Important contribution"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 57

Intro -- الفهرس -- الباب الأول : علاقات إسرائيل مع الأميركيتين -- الباب الثاني : علاقات إسرائيل مع القارة الأوروبية -- الباب الثالث : علاقات إسرائيل مع دول ومناطق آسيا -- الباب الرابع : علاقة إسرائيل مع إفريقيا والعالم العربي -- الباب الخامس : علاقات إسرائيل مع أستراليا ونيوزلندا والباسيفيك -- الباب السادس : علاقات إسرائيل مع المنظمات الدولية، وتجارتها الدولية -- المشاركون -- الخرائط