Suchergebnisse

About the bicentennial is clear that at the time
of settlement where two cultures there is little
alternate; the two cultures meet, it happens that
one is imposed on another culture, not observed
values, not respecting people. Two hundred
years and has not changed the way we govern, we
are still oppressed, laws that arise are not commensurate
with the economic and social reality
experienced by our native peoples, pedagogy
of the oppressed by Paulo Freile is absent in the
Colombian process, models that we are follow
not ours, are brought from elsewhere

How do resource booms affect human capital accumulation? We exploit time and spatial variation generated by the commodity boom across local governments in Peru to measure the effect of natural resources on human capital formation. We explore the effect of both mining production and tax revenues on test scores, finding a substantial and statistically significant effect for the latter. Transfers to local governments from mining tax revenues are linked to an increase in math test scores of around 0.23 standard deviations. We find that the hiring of permanent teachers as well as the increases in parental employment and improvements in health outcomes of adults and children are plausible mechanisms for such large effect on learning. These findings suggest that redistributive policies could facilitate the accumulation of human capital in resource abundant developing countries as a way to avoid the natural resources curse.

The purpose of the article was to analyze the impact of armed violence on shaping the image of democracy, the image of foreign policy and the image of information policy of Ukraine. In the context of Russia's aggression against Ukraine, a real fact is the transformation of Ukraine's image in the perception of the world during the processes of European integration. Methodologically, dialectical, systematic, structural-functional, institutional, conflictological, political-cultural and axiological approaches were used in the study. It is concluded that the definition of state image presents many variants, since each scholar interprets this concept according to his or her subjective experience. However, the study of the image of a state in the context of international relations makes it possible to assume that the image of a state may arise under the influence of spontaneous (unconscious) factors, armed violence, geopolitical position and other characteristics; as well as a result of the selective influence of the mass media. A positive image of the state is formed through the proper functioning of three components: internal image, foreign policy image and information image.

The French today school was born with the French revolution, then with the establishment of the republic. It was for a long time in a good harmony with the French nation. The school was the guarantee for equality to accede to education. Yet, since some decades, French education evolution knows ups and downs, like other countries. Especially, the teacher training system is labouring to find the structure corresponding to the real needs of the school which must answer to several cultural and social challenges. Since 1989, the teacher training structure had been concerned with three reforms of first importance. With the coming of a left government in 2012, a new reform is coming very soon. The new political power seems to have understood that change for a better education will not pass through the only teacher training system reform, but through general structural reforms. Thinking over refondation of school is engaged since September of the present year. ; Née avec la révolution française puis l'établissement du régime républicain, l'école française actuelle a longtemps été en phase avec la nation française. Elle fut longtemps la garantie de l'égalité de l'accès à l'instruction. Cependant, depuis plusieurs décennies, l'éducation française connaît, comme la plupart des pays, une évolution chaotique de son système éducatif. Plus particulièrement, le système de formation des enseignants peine à trouver la structure qui répondrait aux besoins réels d'une école qui doit faire face à de nombreux défis culturels et sociétaux. Depuis 1989, le système de formation a connu trois réformes majeures en France. Avec l'arrivée d'un gouvernement de gauche au pouvoir en 2012, il s'apprête à connaître une quatrième réforme de fond. Le nouveau pouvoir politique semble avoir compris que l'amélioration de l'éducation ne passe pas par la seule solution de la formation des enseignants, mais par un ensemble de réformes structurelles. La réflexion sur la refondation de l'école s'est engagée dès septembre 2012.The French today school was born with the French revolution, then with the establishment of the republic. It was for a long time in a good harmony with the French nation. The school was the guarantee for equality to accede to education. Yet, since some decades, French education evolution knows ups and downs, like other countries. Especially, the teacher training system is labouring to find the structure corresponding to the real needs of the school which must answer to several cultural and social challenges. Since 1989, the teacher training structure had been concerned with three reforms of first importance. With the coming of a left government in 2012, a new reform is coming very soon. The new political power seems to have understood that change for a better education will not pass through the only teacher training system reform, but through general structural reforms. Thinking over refondation of school is engaged since September of the present year.

The purpose of the research was to reveal the process of becoming a person in the information society. The problem of personal formation in the modern conditions of growth of the role of information communication technologies becomes topical problems in the field of social studies. The volume of information, information resources and corresponding technologies significantly influence different sides of social life and processes of humans. The following methods were used in the study: analysis, synthesis, modeling, mathematical statistics and others. The tasks of the study included analyzing the approaches, ideas about the features of personality formation in the information society. It has been shown that the solution of this problem is associated with the formation of human information culture. The paper presents the process of perception of the essence of this category, as well as describes a number of concepts, the essence of which allows to specify the content of the concept of "information culture". These are the following categories: information, culture, information needs. Special attention was paid to the development of information needs in educational institutions.

La cultura política se ha constituido en los últimos cincuenta años (mitad del siglo XX), en una ruta paradigmática, que se ha desarrollado desde orientaciones teóricas instaladas en las sociedades occidentales, y especialmente, en los países entendidos como "desarrollados" e "industrializados". Es producto de una corriente académica de origen en la Ciencia Política estadunidense y europea (del norte), que entendió una manera de aconductar a las grandes masas poblacionales (fundamentalmente) urbanas, para que entendieran, atendieran y obedecieran los mandatos de un sistema político y de instancias administradoras del poder público, mediante una suerte de instructivos que conducirían al individuo a un tipo de actuación, en dirección favorable de aquellos intereses definidos como correctos para la sociedad del capital. En gran medida, aquellas orientaciones, estarían ajustadas a lo que las instancias normativas de las sociedades, definirían como lo que se debe hacer en el marco de la ley, al tiempo que la ley se asimila como la justicia - lo justo.

In this article it offers main characteristics, differences, resemblances and relationships of the training approaches of the human capital that day after day recover heyday in some regions of the world such as Europe and Latin America: training based on competencies and enterprising training, which are mostly applied either in the educational branch or in the business branch, and thus evolve according to the social, economical and political particularities of each nation. Further ahead there exposed theoretical and every day arguments on the training based on competences and the training of enterprising, and the enterprising competence in revealed as an integrating quality on the subjects, which emerges from the integration of both training approaches, it also proposed some suggestions for their training. ; En este trabajo se presentan características esenciales, diferencias, semejanzas y relaciones de los enfoques formativos de capital humano que cada día cobran auge en algunas regiones del mundo como Europa y América Latina: la formación basada en competencias y la formación de emprendedores, los cuales se aplican tanto en el sector educacional y empresarial, así como evolucionan de acuerdo con las particularidades sociales, económicas y políticas de cada nación. Más adelante se exponen argumentos teóricos y vivenciales acerca de la formación basada en competencias y la formación de emprendedores, y se revela la competencia emprendedora como cualidad integradora en los sujetos, la cual emerge de la integración de ambos enfoques formativos, así como se proponen algunas sugerencias para su formación.

The paper deals with the historic evolution of educational policies. It studies key pedagogues of the end of the 18th Century and beginnings of the 20th: José Austin Caballero, Félix Varela, José de la Luz y Caballero. Martí is central to this analysis too, as well as his followers during the Republican period. Special attention is given to these policies from 1959 to the present day. A proposal is made with a three-moment periodization related to the educational revolutions in Cuba, based on the regulation documents of the Cuban educational policy, with emphasis on the legislative body in charge of organizing teaching in the country. Alongside is analyzed professional formation, opening with a study of the influence of European thinkers on the schools of the territory, and closing with a deep look at the implementation of Marti's ideas and the Marxist-Leninist principle of linking study and work. ; En el presente trabajo se abordó la evolución histórica de la política educacional. Partiendo de los más importantes pedagogos de fines de siglo XVIII y comienzo de la siguiente centuria: José Agustín Caballero, Félix Varela y José de la Luz y Caballero. También en estos antecedentes fueron ubicadas las doctrinas martianas y las contribuciones de sus continuadores en la etapa republicana. Se dedicó especial atención a esta política después del período comprendido entre 1959 y la actualidad. Presentándose una propuesta de periodización con tres momentos vinculados a las Revoluciones Educacionales en Cuba. Para ello fueron examinados los principales documentos normativos de la política educacional cubana. Enfatizando en el cuerpo legislativo que dedica su oficio a organizar la enseñanza en la Isla. Paralelamente fue analizada la presencia de la formación laboral. Utilizando, en las página iniciales, un prismas de la influencia de pensadores europeos en las escuelas de nuestro territorio. Luego se observó detenidamente la presencia del principio marxista-leninista y martiano de la vinculación del estudio con el trabajo.

RESUMEN: El artículo presenta un balance sobre los procesos de formación ciudadana en Colombia. En primera instancia, realiza una reconstrucción de la formación ciudadana como una estrategia educativa con una larga tradición que ha estado presente en las propuestas de construcción de la nación desde el proceso de independencia y que aún sigue apareciendo como alternativa para la democratización del país. Posteriormente, se muestran los rasgos generales de la formación ciudadana, los énfasis puestos y los asuntos desatendidos u omitidos hasta la década del ochenta. El análisis se detiene en el decenio del noventa por considerarlo importante por el auge que cobró la figura del ciudadano con ocasión de la Carta Constitucional de 1991, la Ley General de Educación y los planes de cultura ciudadana. Finalmente, se puntualizan algunos aprendizajes y retos que tienen estos procesos en un contexto como el colombiano caracterizado por la desposesión de derechos, por la exclusión y por las dinámicas bélicas. ; ABSTARCT:This article shows a balance of the processes of citizen formation in Colombia. First it make a reconstruction of the citizen formation as an education strategy with long tradition, present in the national building designs since the process of the independence and that which still an alternative for the democratization of the country. Secondly, the paper shows the general features of citizen formation, the emphatizated and neglected aspects until the eighties, and highlights the nineties as an important decade because of the peak achieved by the citizen, as a result of the 1991 s Constitution, the Education General Law and the citizen culture plans. Finally the article states some treachings and challenges that these processes have in the Colombian context characterized by destitution of right, exclusion and the warlike dynamics, as the Colombia case.

By means of a documentary analysis methodology, the purpose of the article was to determine the main characteristics of the formation of military political leadership. The sources of the study are the classical works of Greek philosophers: Plato, Aristotle, and also the treatise "The Art of War", in which the famous Chinese general Sun Tzu stresses the need for self-control, emphasizes the possibility of avoiding confrontation without a prior in-depth analysis of the situation and one's own capabilities. In the process of research, the authors defined the concept of the military-political leader, as well as highlighted the fundamentals of the quality of the leader's personality. The authors come to the conclusion that the military manager is a professional leader, a person who has special knowledge, talent and also has some information about the news in the field of combat organization, the use of weapons and management of a military organization. He is also a person who not only knows how to influence subordinates to his will, but also knows how to organize teamwork and be responsible for his actions.

En 1945, 51 países firmaron la Carta de San Francisco, que dio nacimiento a las Naciones Unidas. Veinte eran latinoamericanos; catorce, europeos. En 2022, la ONU se ha expandido hasta abarcar a 193 miembros. Veinte son latinoamericanos, los mismos que en la fundación, pero hoy 51 son europeos. Este libro monumental pretende explicar, entre otras cosas, por qué los estados europeos viven fusionándose y dividiéndose mientras los latinoamericanos, una vez consolidados, duran para siempre – pero funcionan peor. Las causas, se aduce, hay que buscarlas un siglo y medio atrás…