Suchergebnisse

Examines the move towards a global society in relation to changes in the politics of different countries; 7 articles. Based on papers presented at a conference sponsored by the Société Québécoise de Science Politique, Montreal, Spring 1992. Topics include the evolution of the European Union, formation of the North American economic bloc, and the influence of special interest groups on government policies.

The 1990s marked the emergence of the "new politics of American trade." A large coalition of labor, environmental and consumer organizations fought to broaden the narrow economic scope of American trade policy and change the rules of globalization. More than fifteen years after their first legislative battle against the North American Free Trade Agreement, what is the legacy of their political mobilization? What factors constrained their progress? Drawing from interviews with political actors, lobbying materials from labor, environmental and business organizations, and congressional records, this dissertation analyzes the clash between "fair" and "free" traders in five major legislative battles from 1991 to 2005. It reveals that the "special relationship" between the business community and the executive branch was the key obstacle to the achievements of the "blue (collar)-green" alliance from the beginning to the end of the policy process. Not only did the private sector enjoy privileged access to the negotiations phase, but the president also assisted free trade coalitions in their lobbying efforts, allowing them to win most legislative battles. ; Aux Etats-Unis, les années 1990 ont été marquées par l'émergence de nouveaux débats politiques sur le libre-échange. Une large coalition de syndicats et d'organisations pour la protection de l'environnement et des consommateurs s'est pour la première fois mobilisée dans le but de redéfinir les règles de la politique commerciale américaine. Quel est le bilan de leurs activités politiques, près de quinze après leur première bataille législative contre l'Accord de libre-échange nord-américain (ALENA) ? Ce travail de recherche s'appuie sur une série d'entretiens avec des acteurs politiques, des documents internes de groupes d'intérêts (syndicats, écologistes, patronat, etc.) et les registres du Congrès pour analyser les conflits entre les défenseurs du libre-échange et les partisans d'une « équité des échanges » à travers cinq études de cas entre 1991 et 2005. L'analyse ...

Examines US motives in advocating a social clause that seeks to guarantee fundamental labor rights under trade and financial agreements the US has signed since the late 1980s; focuses on NAFTA and the proposed Western Hemisphere Free Trade Area. Summary in English.

Developments in economic and financial relations between the European Union and South Africa, since the South African elections of Apr. 1994. Summary in English. Includes proposal for a free trade agreement, South African adhesion to Lomé Convention IV, governing aid to African, Caribbean, and Pacific (ACP) countries, and implications of the southern Africa's regional economic groups.

the EU has established itself as both a major trading partner on the international scene, as well as a champion for the promotion and the respect of fundamental rights. the EU concludes trade agreements with third countries, and these agreements have since the early nineties included human rights considerations. however, the EU's human rights objectives in its trade policy have been accused of ineffectiveness and promoting dou- ble standards. this paper looks at the different human rights mechanisms that are embedded in the EU's trade policy (human right impact assessments, human rights clauses, sustainable development chapters) and proposes to interpret the obligations stemming from them in light of the EU Charter of fundamental Rights, an interpretation that both allows the EU to uphold high human right standards in its relation to the wide world, as well as respect its own constitutional obligations. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Examines major issues affecting Canada's foreign policy, 1984-93, in context of economic globalization; includes Canada's decision to join the Organization of American States (OAS), the 1988 Canada-US Free Trade Agreement, and involvement in maintenance of international peace and security. Summary in English.

This thesis aims to analyze the impact of the creation of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), a regional trade agreements (RTAs) example on the dynamics of trade and development in this area. It analyzes the process of real convergence and examines opportunities to strengthen the integration process. The first chapter focuses on the impact of integration on reducing disparities in per capita income between member countries. Measured by the standard deviation of per capita GDP at constant prices of 2005, these analyzes revealed that the WAEMU countries are experiencing a real convergence between 1970 and 2010. However, according to our analysis, the creation of teh WAEMU has not significantly improved living conditions in memeber countries. The idea expressed in the first chapter is a regional trade agreements (RTAs) which brings together more or less equal partners and aims not only to promote trade themselves, but also and especially the integration and developemnt, may be a useful adjunct for multilateralism in the sense that it allows to correct inefficiencies and absorb its impact. On the other side, some RTAs can pose serious threats to the multilateral trading system from the moment they generate imbalances and reinforce inequalities between those who sign them. This is the case of many RTAs involving developing and developed countries. The second chapter focuses on one example of this type of RTAs and proposes a strategy to reduce the negative effects and to enable developing countries to reap the benefits of free trade. The analysis is done on the macroeconomic implications of economic partnership agreements(EPAs) between the countries of the European Union and those of the African Caribbean and Pacific. We show, using data from Côte d'Ivoire that, with productive public spending, developing countries can reudce the negative effects of short-term EPA. Developing countries are so small and too weak to cope with foreign competition that they implement protectionist policies such as the ...

This thesis aims to analyze the impact of the creation of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), a regional trade agreements (RTAs) example on the dynamics of trade and development in this area. It analyzes the process of real convergence and examines opportunities to strengthen the integration process. The first chapter focuses on the impact of integration on reducing disparities in per capita income between member countries. Measured by the standard deviation of per capita GDP at constant prices of 2005, these analyzes revealed that the WAEMU countries are experiencing a real convergence between 1970 and 2010. However, according to our analysis, the creation of teh WAEMU has not significantly improved living conditions in memeber countries. The idea expressed in the first chapter is a regional trade agreements (RTAs) which brings together more or less equal partners and aims not only to promote trade themselves, but also and especially the integration and developemnt, may be a useful adjunct for multilateralism in the sense that it allows to correct inefficiencies and absorb its impact. On the other side, some RTAs can pose serious threats to the multilateral trading system from the moment they generate imbalances and reinforce inequalities between those who sign them. This is the case of many RTAs involving developing and developed countries. The second chapter focuses on one example of this type of RTAs and proposes a strategy to reduce the negative effects and to enable developing countries to reap the benefits of free trade. The analysis is done on the macroeconomic implications of economic partnership agreements(EPAs) between the countries of the European Union and those of the African Caribbean and Pacific. We show, using data from Côte d'Ivoire that, with productive public spending, developing countries can reudce the negative effects of short-term EPA. Developing countries are so small and too weak to cope with foreign competition that they implement protectionist policies such as the ...

The 1990s marked the emergence of the "new politics of American trade." A large coalition of labor, environmental and consumer organizations fought to broaden the narrow economic scope of American trade policy and change the rules of globalization. More than fifteen years after their first legislative battle against the North American Free Trade Agreement, what is the legacy of their political mobilization? What factors constrained their progress? Drawing from interviews with political actors, lobbying materials from labor, environmental and business organizations, and congressional records, this dissertation analyzes the clash between "fair" and "free" traders in five major legislative battles from 1991 to 2005. It reveals that the "special relationship" between the business community and the executive branch was the key obstacle to the achievements of the "blue (collar)-green" alliance from the beginning to the end of the policy process. Not only did the private sector enjoy privileged access to the negotiations phase, but the president also assisted free trade coalitions in their lobbying efforts, allowing them to win most legislative battles. ; Aux Etats-Unis, les années 1990 ont été marquées par l'émergence de nouveaux débats politiques sur le libre-échange. Une large coalition de syndicats et d'organisations pour la protection de l'environnement et des consommateurs s'est pour la première fois mobilisée dans le but de redéfinir les règles de la politique commerciale américaine. Quel est le bilan de leurs activités politiques, près de quinze après leur première bataille législative contre l'Accord de libre-échange nord-américain (ALENA) ? Ce travail de recherche s'appuie sur une série d'entretiens avec des acteurs politiques, des documents internes de groupes d'intérêts (syndicats, écologistes, patronat, etc.) et les registres du Congrès pour analyser les conflits entre les défenseurs du libre-échange et les partisans d'une « équité des échanges » à travers cinq études de cas entre 1991 et 2005. L'analyse conclut que la « relation spéciale » entre le patronat et l'exécutif a été l'un des principaux obstacles aux progrès de l'alliance entre syndicalistes et écologistes depuis l'origine du processus de décision jusqu'à la ratification au Congrès. Non seulement les institutions américaines ont limité l'influence des groupes de la société civile à l'origine des négociations commerciales, mais le président a également fortement assisté les organisations patronales dans leurs efforts de lobbying, leur permettant de remporter la plupart des batailles législatives entre 1991 et 2005.