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International audience ; This paper examines the notion of gated communities and more generally, privately governed urban neighborhoods. We do this by reviewing the idea that they are an innovative built-environment genre that has spread globally from a diverse set of roots and influences. These include the mass growth of private urban government in the USA over the past 30 years; rising income inequalities and fear in big cities; the French Condominium law of 1804; and many other locally and culturally specific features of urban history. We contrast the popular notion that gated communities are simply an American export with the idea that they have emerged in various forms for different reasons in different places. We contrast supply-side and demand-side explanations, focusing on the idea that much of their appeal comes from the club-economy dynamics that underpin them. We examine the social and systemic costs – territorial outcomes – of cities made up of residential clubs, considering in particular, the issue of segregation. We conclude with a reflection on the importance of local variations in the conditions that foster or inhibit the growth of a gated community market in particular countries.

International audience ; This paper examines the notion of gated communities and more generally, privately governed urban neighborhoods. We do this by reviewing the idea that they are an innovative built-environment genre that has spread globally from a diverse set of roots and influences. These include the mass growth of private urban government in the USA over the past 30 years; rising income inequalities and fear in big cities; the French Condominium law of 1804; and many other locally and culturally specific features of urban history. We contrast the popular notion that gated communities are simply an American export with the idea that they have emerged in various forms for different reasons in different places. We contrast supply-side and demand-side explanations, focusing on the idea that much of their appeal comes from the club-economy dynamics that underpin them. We examine the social and systemic costs – territorial outcomes – of cities made up of residential clubs, considering in particular, the issue of segregation. We conclude with a reflection on the importance of local variations in the conditions that foster or inhibit the growth of a gated community market in particular countries.

International audience ; This paper examines the notion of gated communities and more generally, privately governed urban neighborhoods. We do this by reviewing the idea that they are an innovative built-environment genre that has spread globally from a diverse set of roots and influences. These include the mass growth of private urban government in the USA over the past 30 years; rising income inequalities and fear in big cities; the French Condominium law of 1804; and many other locally and culturally specific features of urban history. We contrast the popular notion that gated communities are simply an American export with the idea that they have emerged in various forms for different reasons in different places. We contrast supply-side and demand-side explanations, focusing on the idea that much of their appeal comes from the club-economy dynamics that underpin them. We examine the social and systemic costs – territorial outcomes – of cities made up of residential clubs, considering in particular, the issue of segregation. We conclude with a reflection on the importance of local variations in the conditions that foster or inhibit the growth of a gated community market in particular countries.

International audience ; This paper examines the notion of gated communities and more generally, privately governed urban neighborhoods. We do this by reviewing the idea that they are an innovative built-environment genre that has spread globally from a diverse set of roots and influences. These include the mass growth of private urban government in the USA over the past 30 years; rising income inequalities and fear in big cities; the French Condominium law of 1804; and many other locally and culturally specific features of urban history. We contrast the popular notion that gated communities are simply an American export with the idea that they have emerged in various forms for different reasons in different places. We contrast supply-side and demand-side explanations, focusing on the idea that much of their appeal comes from the club-economy dynamics that underpin them. We examine the social and systemic costs – territorial outcomes – of cities made up of residential clubs, considering in particular, the issue of segregation. We conclude with a reflection on the importance of local variations in the conditions that foster or inhibit the growth of a gated community market in particular countries.

L'articolo esplora l'evoluzione delle forme del vivere urbano, attraverso l'espansione delle tecnologie di sicurezza privata e la diffusione dellein Brasile, negli Stati Uniti e in Italia. Nell'analisi si procede mettendo in luce dimensioni diverse dei processi di separazione e reclusione su una base spaziale (orizzontale e verticale) e temporale (velocitÀ). Sullo sfondo permane il tema della paura del diverso e della difficoltÀ di confrontarsi con le differenze nei nuovi contesti urbani.

"Eine augenfällige und medial viel beachtete Form städtischer Grenzziehungen sind 'gated communities'. Der Blick alleine auf Zäune und Mauern greift jedoch zu kurz. Weniger sichtbar werden derzeit beispielsweise auch mit neuen Projekten innerstädtischen Luxuswohnens soziale Grenzen definiert." (Autorenreferat)

Das Immobilienprodukt Gated Community ist in den 1980er Jahren in den USA entstanden und hat sich als Verteidigungs- und Abschreckungsanlage (Mauern mit Stacheldraht) mit zum Teil sehr hochentwickelter Technologie wie Kameras mit Gesichtserkennung oder Körperscanner ab Anfang der 1990er Jahre in ganz Lateinamerika verbreitet. Parallel dazu nahmen in einigen Ländern des Subkontinents wie Kolumbien, Brasilien und Mexiko die Verbrechensrate und die am Drogenmarkt partizipierende organisierte Kriminalität in dramatischem Maße zu. Wie schwer wiegt das Lokale im Vergleich mit dem Globalen, wenn Stadtmodelle, Konsumprodukte und Lebensstile über den ganzen Planeten verbreitet werden? Was bedeuten diese Veränderungen für die Stadtkulturen? Diese Fragen stehen im Mittelpunkt des Forschungsinteresses. Es werden die gegensätzlichen Traditionen, Geschichten, Repräsentationen und Imaginarios dieses Immobilienprodukts in zwei lateinamerikanischen Großstädten untersucht. Diese Städte liegen an den beiden Enden des Subkontinents, eine in Nord-, die andere in Südamerika: der Großraum Mexiko-Stadt und der Großraum Buenos Aires. Es wird die These vertreten, dass die Gated Community die Widersprüche des Mythos der Integration der lateinamerikanischen Moderne enthüllt, indem sie die Umkehrung der Bedeutungen und Werte der beiden Pole städtischer Räumlichkeit provoziert: die Stadt als Grenzen und Ausschluss produzierende Maschine, die sowohl dazu diente, die große Mehrheit (die so genannten "Mittelschichten") gesellschaftlich zu integrieren wie auch die "unerwünschten" Bevölkerungsteile unsichtbar zu machen und auszugrenzen. (ICB2)

Gated Communities provides a historic, socio-political and contemporary cultural perspective of gated communities. In doing so it offers a different lens through which to view the historical vernacular background of this now global phenomenon. The book presents a collection of new writing on the issue by an international and interdisciplinary group of contributors. The authors review current thinking on gated communities and consider the sustainability issues that these contemporary 'lifestyle' communities raise. The authors argue that there are links that can be drawn between the historic gat.

Gated histories: an introduction to themes and concepts / Samer Bagaeen and Ola Uduku -- Opening the gates : an East-West transmodern discourse? / Ziauddin Sardar -- Gated urban life versus kinship and social solidarity in the Middle East/ Samer Bagaeen -- Gating urban spaces in China : inclusion, exclusion and government / Luigi Tomba -- Lagos: 'urban gating' as the default condition / Ola Uduka -- Gated minds, gated places : the impact and meaning of hard boundaries in South Africa / Karina Landman -- Latin American gated communities : the latest symbol of historic social segregation / Sonia Roitman and Mónica Adriana Giglio -- Gated communities in Mexico City : a historical perspective / Diana Sheinbaum -- Production and social sustainability of private enclaves in suburban landscapes: French and US long-term emergence of gated communities and private streets / Renaud Le Goix and Delphine Callen -- Barriers and boundaries : an exploration of gatedness in New Zealand / Ann Dupuis and Jennifer Dixon