Suchergebnisse

In the paper ethnic identity, concepts of ethnic identity and strategies of those concepts in Lithuanian Exile are analysed. Usually in Lithuanian Exile surveys ethnic and national identities are handled as systematized and relatively stable forms of nationalism. In this paper ethnic identity is analysed on the basis of internal contradictions within diaspora and power relations (on the basis of gender, racial, ethnic groups' relations). In the paper we predicate that forms and practices of national collectivity are and can not only be transferred to emigrant community but are constantly transformed while changing boundaries and carrying other shifts in relation to other ethnic communities, and is a part of political formation of identity. In ethnic identity surveys collective identity and ethnic culture were handled as coherent unity, whereas ethnic identity is a part of constantly constructed and shifting processes. Hence in the topic not acculturation theory is chosen either but broader analytical model – through discursive practices, taking into account newspapers' analysis and organizational network in diaspora. Empirical material in the survey chosen is diaspora press and institutions in diaspora. Analytical model – newspapers' content analysis, analysis of strategies, making presumption that linguistic meanings and structural realization are bound together, analysis of practises of implementation – through diaspora institutions and family model. Tasks in the paper – to identify existing perceptions of Lithuanian identity, narratives and discourses of "lithuanianess", to analyse dominant strategies and forms (practices of exclusion and admission of group members, internal group contradictions). Particular attention is committed to youth organizations and role of women in Lithuanian diaspora in implementing political identity formation strategies. The paper conclusion is that Lithuanian intelligentsia had an access in constructing ethnic identity, on the basis of conservative discourse constructed by intellectuals complete social network of diaspora was established which functioned for implementing ethnic identity and ethnic culture. To sustain collective ethnic identity mechanisms of excluding group members were employed, as a result – ethnic continuity was not preserved.

In the paper ethnic identity, concepts of ethnic identity and strategies of those concepts in Lithuanian Exile are analysed. Usually in Lithuanian Exile surveys ethnic and national identities are handled as systematized and relatively stable forms of nationalism. In this paper ethnic identity is analysed on the basis of internal contradictions within diaspora and power relations (on the basis of gender, racial, ethnic groups' relations). In the paper we predicate that forms and practices of national collectivity are and can not only be transferred to emigrant community but are constantly transformed while changing boundaries and carrying other shifts in relation to other ethnic communities, and is a part of political formation of identity. In ethnic identity surveys collective identity and ethnic culture were handled as coherent unity, whereas ethnic identity is a part of constantly constructed and shifting processes. Hence in the topic not acculturation theory is chosen either but broader analytical model – through discursive practices, taking into account newspapers' analysis and organizational network in diaspora. Empirical material in the survey chosen is diaspora press and institutions in diaspora. Analytical model – newspapers' content analysis, analysis of strategies, making presumption that linguistic meanings and structural realization are bound together, analysis of practises of implementation – through diaspora institutions and family model. Tasks in the paper – to identify existing perceptions of Lithuanian identity, narratives and discourses of "lithuanianess", to analyse dominant strategies and forms (practices of exclusion and admission of group members, internal group contradictions). Particular attention is committed to youth organizations and role of women in Lithuanian diaspora in implementing political identity formation strategies. The paper conclusion is that Lithuanian intelligentsia had an access in constructing ethnic identity, on the basis of conservative discourse constructed by intellectuals complete social network of diaspora was established which functioned for implementing ethnic identity and ethnic culture. To sustain collective ethnic identity mechanisms of excluding group members were employed, as a result – ethnic continuity was not preserved.

The article investigates the peculiarities of application of gender discourse to the visual propaganda of war by analysing the representations of gender roles in World War II posters and leaflets. It was necessary for propaganda intended to raise the military spirit of solders and increase productivity at home front, to highlight the symbolic boundaries between own and others (enemies) and to develop it for both war and home spaces. The article reveals dual application of gender as discursive means in war propaganda. The first part of the article discloses the analysis of gender discourse as a mobilising tool: discussing the demand for a new woman as an active war actor, identity development determined by economical decline caused by war, and analysing the use of visual images of traditional femininity in constructing hegemonic masculinity relevant to militaristic myth, and in enemy feminisation processes. The second part is dedicated to the analysis of psychologically destabilising impact of sexual images widely used in leaflets on enemy army.

The article investigates the peculiarities of application of gender discourse to the visual propaganda of war by analysing the representations of gender roles in World War II posters and leaflets. It was necessary for propaganda intended to raise the military spirit of solders and increase productivity at home front, to highlight the symbolic boundaries between own and others (enemies) and to develop it for both war and home spaces. The article reveals dual application of gender as discursive means in war propaganda. The first part of the article discloses the analysis of gender discourse as a mobilising tool: discussing the demand for a new woman as an active war actor, identity development determined by economical decline caused by war, and analysing the use of visual images of traditional femininity in constructing hegemonic masculinity relevant to militaristic myth, and in enemy feminisation processes. The second part is dedicated to the analysis of psychologically destabilising impact of sexual images widely used in leaflets on enemy army.

Contemporary culture, politics and new developments in theatre form, institutions and technologies have redefined alternative theatre and its relationship to the mainstream. That alternative theatre both reflects and reacts against mainstream obsessions is apparent in its concern with spectacle, new technologies, the body, performance/performativity, the notion of 'event', but there are also shared interests in terms of issues, such as multi-culturalism and globalisation, environmentalism, gender, nationalism/nationhood, identity, disaffection with traditional politics and questions around bodily modification and interventions, cybernetic and virtual bodies.

Contemporary culture, politics and new developments in theatre form, institutions and technologies have redefined alternative theatre and its relationship to the mainstream. That alternative theatre both reflects and reacts against mainstream obsessions is apparent in its concern with spectacle, new technologies, the body, performance/performativity, the notion of 'event', but there are also shared interests in terms of issues, such as multi-culturalism and globalisation, environmentalism, gender, nationalism/nationhood, identity, disaffection with traditional politics and questions around bodily modification and interventions, cybernetic and virtual bodies.

Contemporary culture, politics and new developments in theatre form, institutions and technologies have redefined alternative theatre and its relationship to the mainstream. That alternative theatre both reflects and reacts against mainstream obsessions is apparent in its concern with spectacle, new technologies, the body, performance/performativity, the notion of 'event', but there are also shared interests in terms of issues, such as multi-culturalism and globalisation, environmentalism, gender, nationalism/nationhood, identity, disaffection with traditional politics and questions around bodily modification and interventions, cybernetic and virtual bodies.