Suchergebnisse

The basic competencies underlying the task of management are examined using the U S Merit Systems Protection Board's 1991 Federal First-Line Supervisors survey (based on the US. Office of Personnel Management's Management Excellence Inventory "job analysis") This paper tests whether male and female supervisors perceive the essential responsibilities of the managenal job similarly

Abstract An analysis of tree planting by women and men in two Zimbabwe villages demonstrates that women are significantly less likely than men to plant trees on homestead land where the security of their duration of tenure is uncertain due to the likelihood of change in marital status. However, men and women are equally likely to plant trees in community woodlots where the duration of their tenure is secure if they remain village residents. These findings demonstrate the importance of attention to gendered security of tenure at the sub‐household level.

This experiment recreates several features of a hiring decision in a professional field. The authors use ideas from expectation states theory to formulate predictions about the evaluation of applicants in a context where they are assessed one ata time. The variables examined are sex of applicant, sex of assessor, applicant's academic record, and type of decision (whether assignment of ability or allocation of rewards). Results show that academic record had a stronger effect than either sex of assessor or sex of applicant. Effects of the latter variable were noticeable in reward allocation but not in ability assignment, and they were affected by the applicant's record: Rewards showed bias against the female candidate when her record was average but not when it was outstanding. All three findings are in clear support of the proposed hypotheses. Sex-of-assessor differences were observed only in reward allocation, also as predicted, but they did not achieve the expected statistical significance.

Previous studies cite sex role stereotyping as a potential cause of discrimination and a barrier to women's movement into managerial ranks. This study explores the impact of mother's education and employment history on the pattern of sex role stereotyping by both male and female college and university students in Canada and the United States. No significant differences are found between national samples. Regardless of mother's background, male college students characterize the managerial job in distinctly masculine terms whereas female students do not.