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The COVID-19 pandemic presents an opportunity to address existing gender inequalities through social protection. Program designs should be adjusted to account for gender, in a manner informed by existing analysis, while taking a long-term approach. Related issues of political economy, coordination, and financing that have gender considerations should be explored in future guidance. Because these are complex issues and unintended consequences of programming are possible, more research is needed on intersections of social protection, gender and pandemics, where ethically feasible. At a minimum, monitoring statistics should be sex- and age-disaggregated and, where possible, data should be collected to ensure risks to beneficiaries do not increase. Taken together, these policy adjustments and new evidence can lay the groundwork for more gender-sensitive social protection systems in LMICs both during the crisis and beyond. ; Non-PR ; IFPRI4; CRP2 ; PHND; PIM ; CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM)

The existence of gender differences in public attitudes has long been debated and it is maintained that women and men have different attitudes towards certain policy areas. One of those areas is the use of force in foreign policy. Women are less supportive of the use of force in foreign policy than men. The reasons for these differences have been tried to be explained through the impact of the factors such as partisanship or ideology; economic marginalization; political marginalization; negative responses to war casualties; feminist consciousness; motherhood; socialization; issue salience. While public opinion surveys have been regularly conducted on foreign policy in Turkey, the gender dimension is rather understudied. In this article, I first argue that there are gender differences in public perceptions towards the use of force in Turkey and I aim to explore the reasons for these differences based on two sets of focus group discussions data gathered in 2021 and 2022.

In this research note, I examine a set of two interrelated questions about the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) methods institutes. First, I assembled and analyzed a novel dataset that tracks every QCA related training worldwide from 2002 to 2018. My examination finds that although QCA trainings are becoming more popular in Europe, the US is still the single most frequent host country for such events. Secondly, I examine the extent to which gender gap exists among QCA instructors. My findings show that female QCA instructors are severely under-represented, which likely limits their academic and professional opportunities. Thus, the QCA research community appears to be marked by the same structural challenges to diversity and gender equality as other areas of political science. Overall, this paper should of interest to scholars interested in the impact of academic infrastructures on future research trajectories as well as those concerned about gender equality in academia.

Die Autorin untersucht das Verhältnis von "Biographie und Geschlecht" am empirischen Beispiel lebensgeschichtlicher Erzählungen von Frauen aus verschiedenen proletarischen Milieus. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit werden einige Hauptlinien der wissenschaftlichen Diskussion über "weibliche Biographien" nachgezeichnet. Der empirische zweite Teil beginnt mit einer Explikation der methodologisch-theoretischen Voraussetzungen, wobei besonders auf die Funktion des biographischen Erzählens eingegangen wird. Anhand einer Fallstudie wird einerseits die Interpretationsmethode transparent gemacht, andererseits werden die entwickelten Generalisierungen und Hypothesen beispielhaft im Material "verankert". Anschließend werden Hypothesen auf allgemeiner Ebene formuliert, welche die Matrix für die vergleichenden Analysen mit anderen Fällen bilden. Weitere Fälle werden vorgestellt und die Perspektive der doppelten Vergesellschaftung von Frauen in Beruf und Familie kontrastiert. (prb)

This article explores the ways couples making the transition to parenthood think about, practise, and assess 'gender equality'. The analysis draws on data from two qualitative, longitudinal projects in the UK with 36 mixed-sex couples, grounded in the sociology of intimacy and parenting culture respectively. Both projects explore gender relations at the transition to parenthood, with recent changes in UK parental leave as a backdrop, to interrogate couples' ideals and practices. In this article, we outline four configurations of equality articulated by couples: 'symmetry', 'breaking gender stereotypes', 'fairness', and 'equality as respect', which were developed through collaborative analysis. We explore how different configurations shape gendered practices in early parenthood. The analysis provides novel insights into the ways in which 'gender equality' is differentially defined and practised; shaped by the political and cultural context in which parents live; and relational in nature – thereby contributing to debates around equality in gendered divisions of paid and unpaid work.

Researchers have focused on the role of managerial gender on attitudes toward diversity issues mainly in either the public or private sector, but there is little research that compares managerial attitudes on diversity across the public, private, and nonprofit sectors. This article identifies important distinctions among the sectors that may influence gender differences in managerial priority placed on diversity. Using a national survey of nearly 1,000 top-level managers in public, private, and nonprofit hospitals in the United States, we analyze how managerial gender combined with cross-sector differences shape managerial priority on diversity. We find female managers place a higher priority on diversity than their male counterparts in nonprofit and private organizations compared with managers in public organizations. The differing effects of managerial gender on the priority placed on diversity are shaped by the organizational contexts of the three sectors. This research provides systematic evidence of sector differences in the patterns of managerial priorities regarding diversity.

Though research on drug and driving under the influence (DUI) courts increased significantly in the past two decades, very little has focused on women's participation in these programs and how gender may have influenced clients' performance, despite the call of feminist criminologists that entry into crime and substance abuse is different for women. Based on data collected from Tulsa County DUI and Drug programs in Oklahoma, this study examines the impact of gender on clients' performance in both programs. In addition to identifying associations between clients' gender and demographics, criminal history, addiction problems, and other medical and mental health problems, this study explores gender's impact on both program progress (e.g., program length, use of sanctions, relapse) and final outcome (termination vs. graduation). Data show that different factors are associated with female entry into drug and DUI courts and successful completion of the program compared with men, which calls for gender tailored treatment for women.

This article is a critical reappraisal of the understandings of gender and the location of women within theories of late modernity. These theories, as articulated by Anthony Giddens and Ulrich Beck, have gained a wide use, not the least since they claim to account for changes in intimate relations. We will use four major feminist interventions for our argument — the problematization of the public-private divide, feminist theorizing of kinship, feminist understandings of labour, and the heterosexual matrix. We argue that the late-modern story is made through violently created presences — of the reinvention of the heterosexual matrix, the private sphere as the location of women/gender, reproduction coupled to biology, and gender as an intimate relation between women and men — and absences of analysis of reproductive and productive labour, of the role of the state, and of gender as a social relation constituted through and within other social inequalities.

The recent process of deinstitutionalization of the psychiatric treatment system, in both Denmark and other European countries, has relied heavily on the involvement in treatment and recovery of cohabitant relatives of diagnosed people. However, political objectives regarding depression and involvement rely on a limited body of knowledge about people's ways of managing illness-related problems in everyday life. Drawing on a discursive notion of gender laid out by Raewyn Connell, the aim of the article is to elucidate how the involvement of relatives is guided by an extra-individual rationale about gender and caregiving, and how this gendered discourse might frame different challenges and burdens, depending on the gender of the diagnosed person and the cohabitant relative. Drawn from a larger, multisited field study on involvement processes in Danish psychiatry, the article is based on field notes and 21interviews with seven heterosexual couples. The analysis shows that gender works as a decisive premise for the division of caregiving labour among the couples, and clarifies how the couples' gendered institution is disrupted after the onset of depression.The article argues that gender-blind involvement strategies could produce divergent treatment outcomes and varying social effects in relation to couples' everyday family lives.

The field of sports has traditionally been a domain that practices and reinforces masculinity. However, in contemporary literature, observations and experiences of males in sports have expanded their ideas on masculinity as well as gender identity. Furthermore, there is an increase in males participating in non-orthodox masculine physical activities, most of which are known as "gender appropriate" for females such as cheerleading, dance, gymnastics, etc. Recently, pole dance – a stigmatized female-oriented activity – has become a newly introduced activity in the sports scene and one in which males are gradually engaging in worldwide. In the case of Korea, the phenomenon of men taking part in female-concentrated activities is not common; however, there are a rising number of male pole dancers visible through national competitions and media sources. Therefore, this study explores the experiences of Korean male exotic pole dance practitioners to understand how they define gender identity whilst participating in a highly female-oriented activity. It was found that research participants articulated beyond their biological sex and practice not to conform to social gender roles, and rather emphasized their manifested identity of individual self. Despite Korea's cultural and traditional aspects of gender norms, this study establishes a broader segment of gender ideas and expands the understanding of various identities spoken among male polers.

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the gender diversity of top management teams (TMTs) on the financial performance (FP) of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. This paper also examines the moderating effect of family control on this relationship.


Design/methodology/approach
Using a sample of SMEs in Vietnam, this paper uses descriptive statistics and balance panel regression with random effect to analyse 5,160 firm-year observations of family- and non-family-owned SMEs between 2011 and 2015.


Findings
The findings demonstrate that gender diversity in TMTs shows a negative relationship with the FP of family-controlled SMEs and no significant impact on FP of non-family SMEs. This study also illustrates a positive curvilinear relationship between the female manager rate in TMTs and firms' FP in family SMEs.


Research limitations/implications
This research study is limited to data from Vietnamese SMEs. Future studies could investigate these relationships with larger firms and in a broader geographical context.


Originality/value
This study provides a better understanding of the impact of TMT gender diversity on FP in Vietnamese SMEs while considering the moderating effect of family control. The findings support some theories relating to managerial gender diversity and the effect of family control on this diversity in family SMEs.

Many transgender and gender-expansive young people live outside of mainstream society, due to structural barriers that limit access to employment, health care, education, and public accommodations, as well as prejudice and discrimination within their families and communities. These structural barriers can be understood as cisgenderism. Though a growing body of research examines lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth homelessness, gaps in knowledge about the specific experiences of transgender and gender-expansive homeless youth remain. This phenomenological qualitative investigation explored aspects of transgender and gender-expansive youth's experiences related to homelessness. This article focuses on participants' understanding of their pathways into homelessness.