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In 1986, 585 out of 5,686 members of the Association of American Geographers declared their allegiance to the Historical Geography Specialty Group; among 50 AAG specialty groups, the historical geographers ranked 7th. Yet one prominent human geographer regards historical geography as "overdetermined," an "empty concept" conveying "few (if any) significant analytical distinctions" (Dear 1988: 270). Dear's argument is that, by definition, all geography should be historical, since "the central object in human geography is to understand the simultaneity of time and space in structuring social process." So the only subdisciplines of human geography which have any intellectual coherence are those focused on distinct processes—political, economic, social. To me, even this distinction is unrealistic and impracticable for research purposes. But Dear does not go so far as to argue that historical geography or other "overdetermined," "multidimensional," or "peripheral" subdisciplines are wrong, merely that they are incidental to geography's "intellectual identity."

By Definition, an Encyclopaedia is "A Work that Aims at Giving a comprehensive summary of all branches of knowledge… Encyclopaedias usually consist of articles on separate subjects arranged in dictionary or alphabetical order to facilitate use… ." A more differentiated view is given by the New Encyclopaedia Britannica, which describes encyclopaedias as follows: "Today most people think of an encyclopaedia as a multivolume compendium of all available knowledge, complete with maps and a detailed index, as well as numerous adjuncts such as bibliographies, illustrations, list of abbreviations and foreign expressions, gazetteers, and so on…"Unlike the Encyclopaedia Americana or the Encyclopaedia Britannica, whose primary goals have been and still are to serve as comprehensive and always up-to-date works of reference of general knowledge, the Encyclopaedia Iranica would fall under the category of specialized encyclopaedias "that have deliberately been planned for a special purpose" or even better: encyclopaedias of countries and regions "dealing with a single country and region."

The analysis and management of ecosystems rely increasingly on sound geographical knowledge. Ecosystem Geography is a landmark contribution which brings the geographer's tools - maps, scales, boundaries, and units - to the study of ecosystems. The author, a senior geographer and program manager with the U.S. Forest Service, has distilled more than two decades of research on ecosystem mapping and classification. His work has had a growing influence on how government and academic scientists are using ecological data to monitor biodiversity, manage land holdings, and interpret the results of climatic change. Ecosystem Geography features spectacular graphics, including diagrams, photographs, and abundant maps. It will be welcomed by ecologists, geographers, land and resource specialists, and anyone involved in the study of ecosystems

Political Geography acquaints readers with the major issues and conceptual problems that have dominated the discipline over the past two to three decades. Besides discussing and assessing current themes, Agnew provides a historical analysis of the emergence of modern political geography from the 1890s onwards, identifies and discusses the three "waves" of the revival of political geography during the last three decades, and discusses evidence for a new coherence to the discipline, centering around issues of geographical scale, place and politics, etc

` Written with conviction and good humour, Doing Cultural Geography is a hands-on guide that students will love, taking them through the various stages of selecting a topic, drawing on different theoretical frameworks to ask rigorous research questions, choosing appropriate methods, putting them into practice, interpreting the results and writing them up.. [The book] is an invitation to take the insights of cultural geography beyond the classroom and to use of experience of everyday life to enrich the research process. It is an invitation that readers will find hard to resist' - Professor Pete