Suchergebnisse

Part I: Overview -- 1. Introduction to the Handbook- Machiko Nissanke and Jose Antonio Ocampo -- 2. Critical Reflections on Globalisation and Development and Challenges Ahead- Machiko Nissanke and Jose Antonio Ocampo -- Part II: Methodological and Conceptual Issues in Development Economics -- 3. The History and Evolution of the Development Doctrine, 1950–2017- Erik Thorbecke -- 4. Structuralists, Structure, and Economic Development- Amitava Krishna Dutt -- 5. Development Economics and Public Economics: Emerging Analytical Interface and Practical Policy Implications- Valpy Fitzgerald -- 6. The Process of Development: The Contribution of Regulation Theory- Robert Boyer -- 7. Development as an Evolutionary Economic Process- Richard Nelson -- 8. Feminist Economist's Reflections on Economic Development: Theories and Policy Debates- Maria S. Floro -- Part III: Socio-Economic Development Processes: Structural Change, Inequality, Poverty, Institutions and Capabilities -- 9. The Recent Growth Boom in Developing Economies: A Structural-Change Perspective- Xinshen Diao, Margaret McMillan and Dani Rodrik -- 10. Income Inequality in Developing Countries: Past and Present- Rolph Van der Hoeven -- 11. The Distribution of Productive Assets and the Economics of Rural Development and Poverty Reduction- Michael R. Carter and Aleksandr Michuda -- 12. Institutions and the Process of Industrialisation: Towards a Theory of Social Capability Development- Ha-Joon Chang and Antonio Andoreoni -- 13. Capability Approach and Human Development- Sakiko Fukuda Parr and Ismael Cid Martinez -- Part IV: Finance, Labour, Technology and Ecology in Economic Development -- 14. Development Finance: Theory and Practice- Fernando Cardim de Carvalho, Jan Kregel, Lavinia Barros de Castro and Rogerio Studart -- 15. Critical Reappraisal of the Aid-Debt-Growth Debate: Retrospect and Prospects for Low Income Countries- Machiko Nissanke -- 16. Labour Institutions and Development under Globalisation- Servaas Storm and Jeronim Capaldo -- 17. Technology and Innovation for Sustainable Development- Raphael Kaplinsky -- 18. Ecological Sustainability, Intergenerational Resource Transfer and Economic Development- Edward B. Barbier -- Part V: Globalisation and Development: International Policy Agenda -- 19. Globalisation in Historical Perspective- Deepak Nayyar -- 20. Financial Globalisation and its Implications for Development- Ricardo Ffrench Davis and Stephanny Griffith-Jones -- 21. Trade and Investment in the Era of Hyperglobalisation- Elissa Braunstein, Piergiuseppe Fortunato and Richard Kozul-Wright -- 22. International Migration and Development- Hania Zlotnik -- 23. International Monetary Systems and Economic Development- Jose Antonio Ocampo -- 24. Global Public Goods and Governance for Addressing Sustainability- Inge Kaul

Introduction : sustainable development teaching : ethical and political challenges / Katrien Van Poeck, Leif Östman and Johan Öhman -- Four misunderstandings about sustainability and transitions / Thomas Block and Erik Paredis -- Tackling wicked problems in teaching and learning : sustainability issues as knowledge, ethical and political challenges / Thomas Block, Katrien Van Poeck and Leif Östman -- Principles for sustainable development teaching / Leif Östman, Katrien Van Poeck and Johan Öhman -- Sustainable development teaching in view of qualification, socialisation and person-formation / Katrien Van Poeck and Leif Östman -- Different teaching traditions in environmental and sustainability education / Johan Öhman and Leif Östman -- The ethical tendency typology : ethical and moral situations in environmental and sustainability education / Johan Öhman and Leif Östman -- A pragmatist perspective on value education / Johan Öhman and David O. Kronlid -- The political tendency typology : different ways in which the political dimension of sustainability issues appears in educational practice / Michael Håkansson, Katrien Van Poeck and Leif Östman -- Deliberation and agonism : two different approaches to the political dimension of environmental and sustainability education / Ásgeir Tryggvason and Johan Öhman -- A transactional theory on sustainability learning / Leif Östman, Katrien Van Poeck and Johan Öhman -- A transactional theory on sustainability teaching : teacher moves / Leif Östman, Katrien Van Poeck and Johan Öhman -- Ethical moves : how teachers can open-up a space for articulating moral reactions and deliberating on ethical opinions regarding sustainability issues / Katrien Van Poeck, Leif Östman and Johan Öhman -- Political moves : how teachers can open-up for and handle poignant experiences of the conflictual aspects of sustainability issues / Katrien Van Poeck and Leif Östman -- Classroom discussions : students' learning in argumentation about ethical and political aspects of sustainability issues / Karin Rudsberg and Johan Öhman -- Power and governance in environmental and sustainability education practice / Marie Öhman and Johan Öhman -- Teaching as a matter of staging encounters with literary texts in environmental and sustainability education / Petra Hansson -- Taking-up ethical global issues in the classroom / Louise Sund and Karen Pashby -- Students as political subjects in discourses on sustainable development : a glimpse from Sarah's classroom / Iann Lundegård -- Embodied experiences of "decision-making" in face of uncertain and complex sustainability issues / Pernilla Andersson -- Political emotions in environmental and sustainability education / Ásgeir Tryggvason and Andreas Mårdh.

Contents: 1. International trade and transportation: an introduction / Bruce A. Blonigen and Wesley W. Wilson -- Part I -- Modeling and estimating international trade patterns -- 2. Gravity, distance, and international trade / Scott L. Baier, Amanda Kerr and Yoto V. Yotov -- 3. International trade data and empirical patterns / Peter H. Egger and Yvonne Wolfmayr -- 4. Gravity models in air transport research: a survey and an application / Anming Zhang, Faqin Lin and Yahua Zhang -- Part II -- Transport costs and international trade -- 5. Trade costs and international trade flows: methodologies, data, and empirical evidence / Michael Moore -- 6. Transport costs, trade, and geographic concentration: evidence from Canada / Kristian Behrens and W. Mark Brown -- 7. Offshoring and transport costs / Holger Görg and Aoife Hanley -- 8. Transportation costs and trade for differentiated agricultural products / Dragan Miljkovic -- 9. Environmental issues in international trade and transportation / James J. Corbett and James J. Winebrake -- ParT III -- Agents of international trade -- 10. Firms in international trade / Federico J. Díez, Jesse Mora and Alan C. Spearot -- 11. Trade costs and the role of international trade intermediaries / Bernardo S. Blum, Sebastian Claro, and Ignatius J. Horstmann -- 12. Transportation cost and the geography of foreign investment / Laura Alfaro and Maggie X. Chen -- Part IV -- Logistics -- 13. Trade logistics and seaborne transportation / Wayne K. Talley and Sara Russell Riggs -- 14. Transportation and trade interactions: a trade facilitation perspective / Jerónimo Carballo, Georg Schaur and Christian Volpe Martincus -- Part V -- Transport infrastructure for international trade -- 15. DEA and transportation efficiency / Kevin Hyosoo Park and Young-Tae Chang -- 16. Trade costs, trade, and port efficiency / Bruce A. Blonigen and Wesley W. Wilson -- 17. Getting port governance right / Peter de Langen and Periklis Saragiotis -- 18. Vessel size, investments and trade / Lixian Fan, Xinlu Li, Sijie Zhang and Zimeng Zhang -- Part IV -- Transport networks in international trade -- 19. Trade and transport modes: the search for global connectivity through transport networks / Theo Notteboom -- 20. Benefits, challenges and trends for regional transport connectivity in Asia / Peter O'Neill -- 21. Euro-Asian overland transport links / Miroslav N. Jovanovi?, Jelena Damnjanovi?, and Jovan Njegi? -- 22. Panama canal / William W. Wilson and Javier D. Ho -- 23. Competition and the container liner shipping industry / Hilde Meersman, Christa Sys, Eddy Van de Voorde and Thierry Vanelslander -- Index.

Acknowledgments -- About the editors -- About the contributors -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Hedge fund fundamentals / H. Kent Baker and Greg Filbeck -- The economics of hedge funds / Shantanu Dutta, Arup Ganguly, and Lin Ge -- The life cycle of hedge funds : a new perspective / Mila Getmansky and Rachel (Kyungyeon) Koh -- Characteristics of successful hedge fund managers / Ashrafee T. Hossain, Samir Saadi, and Maxim Treff -- Structure of hedge fund -- Hedge fund organization / Douglas Cumming, Na Dai, and Sofia Johan -- Hedge fund governance / Lamia Chourou, Ashrafee T. Hossain, and Samir Saadi -- Activist hedge funds / Tony Calenda, Chris Milliken, and Andrew C. Spieler -- The tax framework of hedge funds / François-Serve Lhabitant and Michel Brocard -- Compensation and incentives in hedge funds / Garrett C. C. Smith and Gaurav Gupta -- Off shore hedge funds / Roberto J. Santillán-Salgado and Juan José García-Santos -- Investment strategies of hedge funds -- Directional equity strategies of hedge funds / Oreste Auleta and Filippo Stefanini -- Event driven hedge fund strategies / Caroline Farrelly and François-Serge Lhabitant -- Global derivatives hedge fund strategies / Christopher Barnes, Ehsan Nikbakht, and Andrew C. Spieler -- Relative value hedge funds strategies / George Dikanorov, Joseph McBride, and Andrew C. Spieler -- Multi-strategy hedge funds / Paul-Henri Bayart-De-Germont and Daniel Capocci -- Risks and regulation -- Risk measurement and management for hedge funds / Guillaume Weisang -- Hedge funds and systemic risk / Wulf A. Kaal and Timothy A. Krause -- Operational risk management for hedge funds / Claus Huber and Daniel Imfeld -- Hedge fund due diligence / Jason Scharfman -- Hedge fund regulation / Wulf A. Kaal and Dale Oesterle -- Hedge fund performance -- Issues in hedge fund research / Thuy Bui and Abhishek Ganguly -- Hedge fund pricing / David Hampton -- Evaluating hedge fund performance / David M. Smith -- Financial crises and evaporating diversification benefits of hedge funds / Monica Billio and Loriana Pelizzon -- Hedge fund replication / Paul Lajbcygier and Mikhail Tupitsyn -- Hedge funds and performance persisitence / Nan Qin and Ying Wang -- Benchmark and bias in hedge funds / Jeffrey S. Smith, Kenneth Small, and Phillip Njoroge -- Style analysis and consistency / William R. McCumber and Jyotsaana Parajuli -- Issues, trends, and future prospects of hedge funds -- Current hedge fund debates and controversies / Dianna Preece -- Trends and future prospects of hedge funds / Hunter M. Holzhauer -- Discussion questions and answers -- Index

Given the chronic power shortages faced by numerous developing countries, and the need everywhere to keep pace with demand, understanding the drivers of public private partnerships (PPPs) in energy is critical. While many private electricity projects have been delayed and financing costs have increased, the impact of the global financial crisis was less severe than that of previous crises that originated in developing countries. This resilience stems from developing countries - need to expand generation capacity, electricity sector reforms and better regulatory frameworks, and short-term solutions (such as rental power plants). The study reports the evidence from statistical analysis and a sample of case studies selected based. It proposes a novel analytical approach to model PPPs, using a two-stage procedure based on Heckman`s sample selection distinguishing between those factors that determine whether private investment in energy takes place, and those that influence the volume of investment. The results of the analysis provide the following conclusions: * Both general governance and regulatory instrument primarily affect investors` decisions to enter the various power sector markets, not the subsequent level of investment - indicating that investors seem to be adequately protected against risks. * Support mechanisms, like feed-in tariffs, are crucial for attracting investors in renewable generation, but they do not succeed in displacing fossil fuel investment and they could play a bigger role in affecting the level of investment in renewables. * There is a significant trade-off between effectiveness and efficiency of alternative instruments for deploying renewables. Feed-in tariffs tended to be quite effective but to be set on the high side, reducing incentives to cut costs and posing significant strains on already stripped national budgets. Competitive auctions, on the other hand have tended to be efficient but initially low and not always the most effective instrument. * Countries can scale up renewables following different paths. For Brazil, the move from feed-in tariffs to auctions enabled it to both reduce costs and deploy additional capacity. Peru followed in Brazil`s path, opting for auctions instead of introducing feed-in tariffs. On the other hand, China`s move from competitive tenders to feed-in tariffs allowed for discovery effects to determine the right level of prices to attract private investment in renewables.

Preliminary Material /Laurence Roulleau-Berger and Li Peilin -- Introductions European and Chinese Sociologies: A New Dialogue /Laurence Roulleau-Berger -- Societies, Modernities and Globalization Modernity and Modernization /Alain Touraine -- The Economical Status and Social Attitudes of Migrant Workers in China /Li Peilin and Li Wei -- The Crisis of 'Organised Modernity' /Robert Castel -- Transition Sociology Trends and New Prospects /Sun Liping -- Multiple Modernities, Inequalities and Intermediate Spaces /Laurence Roulleau-Berger -- Neither Global nor National: Novel Assemblages of Territory, Authority, and Rights /Saskia Sassen -- Class, Individual and Society Social Mobility and Social Class in China: A Comparative Study of Intragenerational Mobility Models Before and After the Economic Reforms /Li Chunling -- The Rise of the 'Middle Classes' or the Moyennisation of Society in Contemporary France: A Difficult Debate /Catherine Bidou-Zachariasen -- Individualism, Autonomy, Social Institution: How to overcome the Dichotomy between the Individual and Society /Alain Ehrenberg -- Social Existence of Chinese Middle Class in Contemporary China: Class Cognition and Political Consciousness /Li Lulu -- Guanxilization and Categorization: Theoretical Considerations Based on Two Case Studies /Yang Yiyin -- State, Democraty and Citizenship Conflict, Trust and Democracy in Eastern Europe /Anna Krasteva -- Civil Society in Community Governance: The Experience from China /Li Youmei -- Testing Recognition: New Injunctions and Disjunctions of Democracy in Western Europe /Jean-Paul Payet -- A New Economy of Legality and the Process of Legitimization in Contemporary Societies /Jacques Commaille -- Folk Society and Ritual State /Guo Yuhua -- Dual integration of Social Order: Analysis of a Case of Property Right Dispute /Zhang Jing -- Ethics, Legitimacy and Vulnerability in Europe /Patrick Pharo -- Housing Transforms China: The Homeowners' Rights Campaign in B City /Shen Yuan -- Economic Transformations and New Social Inequalities Employment Regulation in the Wake of Globalisation /Michel Lallement -- Is There a Future for Industrial Democracy? /Catherine Paradeise -- Industrial Relations and Inequalities in Western Europe: Questions for the Evolution of Chinese Labour Markets /David Marsden -- Three Types of Discrimination against Migrant Workers in the Labor Market and Logical Consequences /Liu Shiding -- Dualism and Diversity: A Comparative Analysis of Unemployment in Italy /Enzo Mingione and Jonathan Pratschke -- Three Decades of Chinese Women. State, Family, Women: Comments on the Last Two Decades of Women or Gender Related Sociological Studies /Tong Xin -- Conclusion /Michel Wieviorka -- Bibliography /Laurence Roulleau-Berger and Li Peilin -- Index /Laurence Roulleau-Berger and Li Peilin.

Darfur and beyond : what is needed to prevent mass atrocities / by Lee Feinstein -- Zimbabwe : the limits of influence / by Princeton N. Lyman -- Avoiding conflict in the Horn of Africa : U.S. policy toward Ethiopia and Eritrea / by Terrence Lyons -- U.S. interest in democracy and human rights promotion : excerpted from Independent Task Force Report -- China ups the ante in Africa / by Princeton N. Lyman -- China, Africa, and oil / by Esther Pan -- U.S. interest in democracy and human rights promotion : excerpt from More than humanitarianism -- South Africa in retrospect : (paper by Princeton N. Lyman for presentation to the conference "Africa and prospects for hope," University of Oklahoma, International Programs Center, September 14, 2006) -- Toward an Angola strategy : prioritizing U.S.-Angola relations : an independent commission report by the Center for Preventive Action -- Nigeria : elections and continuing challenges / Robert I. Rotberg -- Somalia's terrorist infestation / by Eben Kaplan -- Zimbabwe : the limits of influence / Princeton N. Lyman -- Darfur and beyond : what is needed to prevent mass atrocities / Lee Feinstein -- Blowing the horn / by John Prendergrast and Thomas Colin-Jensen -- How to rebuild Africa / by Stephen Ellis -- Strengthening African leadership / by Robert I. Rotberg -- The challenge of global health / by Laurie Garrett -- Was the year for Africa, but we missed the point : excerpted from independent task force report

Setting the scene foreword / Helmut Anheier -- Introduction: a new "new" philanthropy : from impetus to impact / Susan D. Phillips and Tobias Jung -- The roots of and impulses for philanthropy vignett E: (g)local philanthropy : local ideas, global potential : the shorefast foundation / Natalie Slawinski -- The multi-layered history of western philanthropy / Hugh Cunningham -- Approaching philanthropy from a social theory perspective / Frank Adloff -- What motivates people to give their own private resources for the public good? / Cathy Pharoah -- Women and philanthropy / Debra Mesch and Andrea Pactor -- Charity communications : shaping donor perceptions and giving / Sally Hibbert -- The geographies and scales of philanthropy vignette : philanthropy in India / Emily Jansons and Femida Handy -- Regional differences in philanthropy / René Bekkers -- Philanthropy at the community level : supporting community empowerment / Michael D. Layton -- Indigenous philanthropy : challenging western preconceptions / Shauna Mottiar and Mvuselelo Ngcoya -- The globalization of philanthropy : trends and channels of giving / Hillel Schmid and Hanna Shaul Bar Nissim -- The role of philanthropy in disaster relief / Naim Kapucu -- The intersections of philanthropy and public policy vignette : muddy waters : difficulties in the relationship between philanthropy, the private and the public sectors / Diana Leat -- The evolving state relationship : implications of "big societies" and shrinking states / John Healy and Gemma Donnelly-Cox -- Public policy for philanthropy : catching the wave or creating a backwater? / Susan D. Phillips and Steven Rathgeb Smith -- Minding the pennies : global trends in the regulation of charitable fundraising / Oonagh Breen -- The fiscal treatment of philanthropy from a comparative perspective / Calum M. Carmichael -- Philanthropy in Asia : evolving public policy / Mark Sidel -- The darker side of philanthropy : how self-interest and incompetence can overcome a love of mankind and the public interest / David Horton Smith with Sharon Eng and Kelly Albertson -- The institutions and expressions of philanthropy vignette : philanthropy as boundary spanning : reaching in and out for a qatar-based charity / Aisha Faleh Al Thani -- Private and family foundations / Diana Leat -- Community foundations : agility in the duality of foundation and community / Jenny Harrow, Tobias Jung and Susan D. Phillips -- Hybridity and philanthropy : implications for policy and practice / Steven Rathgeb Smith -- Entrepreneurial philanthropy / Jillian Gordon, Charles Harvey, Eleanor Shaw and Mairi Maclean -- Venture philanthropy : when philanthropy meets social entrepreneurship / Jacques Defourny, Marthe Nyssens and Severine Thys -- Financialization of philanthropy : the case of social investment / Ekkehard Thümler -- The contested terrain of corporate philanthropy and social responsibility : theories, approaches and challenges / Michael Moran and Elizabeth Branigan -- The management of philanthropy vignette : parents and children together : using social return on investment (sroi) to move from story-telling to strategic change and greater impact / Jim Clifford -- Good governance in philanthropy and nonprofits / Elena Romero-Merino and Íñigo García -- Achieving philanthropic mission : directing and managing grantmaking / Peter Grant -- The current landscape of fundraising practice / Richard D. Waters -- Wiring a new social economy : reflections on philanthropy in the digital age / Lucy Bernholz -- Building the market for impact / Tessa Hebb with Sean MacKinnon -- Measuring impact and recognizing success / Georg von Schnurbein -- Accountability in 4-d : changing approaches in contemporary philanthropy / Jenny Harrow -- Conclusion: the future for philanthropy research and practice vignette : reflections from a life as a philanthropist / Putnam Barber -- Concluding thoughts : the "ubers" of philanthropy and future disruptions / Susan D. Phillips and Tobias Jung

Half the world's population is now urbanised and cities are assuming a larger role in debates about the security and sustainability of the global food system. Hence, planning for sustainable food production and consumption is becoming an increasingly important issue for planners, policymakers, designers, farmers, suppliers, activists, business and scientists alike. The rapid growth of the food planning movement owes much to the unique multi-functional character of food systems. In the wider contexts of global climate change, resource depletion, a burgeoning world population, competing food production systems and diet-related public health concerns, new paradigms for urban and regional planning capable of supporting sustainable and equitable food systems are urgently needed. This book addresses this urgent need. By working at a range of scales and with a variety of practical and theoretical models, this book reviews and elaborates definitions of sustainable food systems, and begins to define ways of achieving them. Four different themes have been defined as entry-points into the discussion of 'sustainable food planning'. These are (1) urban food governance, (2) integrating health, environment and society, (3) urban agriculture (4) planning and design. 'This is an important compilation on a timely topic. It brings together the work of planners and designers from both sides of the Atlantic, and challenges us to think about how to create food systems that deliver healthy, just, and sustainable communities and vital places. The book moves dexterously between the grassroots and policy halls and draws valuable lessons for theory and practice.' Dr. Kami Pothukuchi, Department of Urban Studies & Planning, Wayne State University 'To address the problems of urban food production we need to look at the city in a completely different way. This timely book will act as an important source for those who have an ethical interest, not only in food, but in improving the quality and justice of life in our city communities.' Prof. Flora Samuel, School of Architecture, University of Sheffield and member of Royal Institute of British Architects Research and Development Committee 'This publication provides a lot of "food for thought", not just for persons professionally involved in the food sector and officials dealing with national food policies, but especially for local and regional authorities, urban planners and architects, NGOs and community based organisations, health and environmental officers and concerned consumers. Against the background of the growing awareness of the elevated social, health and ecological costs of the mainstream globalized agri-food system, this book analyses the emergence of a new vision and many initiatives that seek to reconnect (sustainable) production with (sustainable) consumption .... Hence, the book delivers what is promised in its title: it discusses new concepts related to food and sustainable urban/regional planning based on a critical review of innovative practices at various levels.' Ir. Henk de Zeeuw, Director RUAF Foundation 'For those who work to address the future challenges facing city development, this book is a must. Why? Because today practitioners and professionals are being asked to understand urban food production within a social, economic and ecological context. This book shows us how these connections are being made. The chapters are accessible and fascinating and will help beginners and experts to deal with food production in their everyday work.' Dr. Carlo W. Becker, bgmr Landscape Architects Berlin/Leipzig and Technical University Cottbus

Frontmatter -- Color Plates -- Section I: Defining the Problem. Part Introduction -- Tackling the Water Crisis: A Continuing Need to Address Spatial and Social Equity / Jay Graham -- Sanitation and Hygiene: Taking Stock After Three Decades / Jay Graham -- Water and Health: The Demographic Background / Robert Wyman -- Water and War: Averting Armed Conflict and Protecting Human Rights / Barry S Levy, Victor W Sidel -- Section II: Water and Sanitation-Related Diseases. Part Introduction -- Infectious Diarrhea / Sean Fitzwater, Aruna Chandran, Margaret Kosek, Mathuram Santosham -- Malnutrition and Undernutrition / Jeffrey K Griffiths -- Soil-Transmitted Helminths:, and Hookworm Infections / Brian G Blackburn, Michele Barry -- Toxic Cyanobacteria / Ian Stewart, Wayne W Carmichael, Lorraine C Backer -- Dengue: A Water-Borne Disease / Scott B Halstead -- Dracunculiasis (Guinea Worm Disease): Case Study of the Effort to Eradicate Guinea Worm / Donald R Hopkins, Ernesto Ruiz-Tiben -- Onchocerciasis / Adrian Hopkins, Boakye A Boatin -- Reassessing Multiple-Intervention Malaria Control Programs of the Past: Lessons for the Design of Contemporary Interventions / Burton H Singer, Marcia C Castro -- Schistosomiasis / Pascal Magnussen, Birgitte Jyding Vennervald, Jens Aagaard-Hansen -- Trachoma / Joseph A Cook, Silvio P Mariotti -- Shigellosis / Michael L Bennish, M John Albert -- The Zimbabwe Cholera Epidemic of 2008₆2009 / Edward Dodge -- Infectious Disease Control in Ghana: Government's Interventions and Challenges to Malaria Eradication / Julius N Fobil, Juergen May, Alexander Kraemer -- Section III: Water Resources. Part Introduction -- Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage in Low-Income Countries / Thomas F Clasen -- Informal Small-Scale Water Services in Developing Countries: The Business of Water for Those without Formal Municipal Connections / Laura Sima, Menachem Elimelech -- Section IV: Sanitation and Hygiene. Part Introduction -- The Sanitation Challenge in India / Bindeshwar Pathak -- Successful Sanitation Projects in Thailand, Malaysia, and Singapore / Jay P Graham -- Household-Centered Environmental Sanitation Systems / Bindeshwar Pathak -- Section V: Environmental Factors of Water Pollution. Part Introduction -- Naturally Occurring Water Pollutants / Lorraine C Backer, Jonathan K Kish, Helena M Solo-Gabriele, Lora E Fleming -- Anthropogenic Sources of Water Pollution: Parts 1 and 2 / Kerry L Shannon, Robert S Lawrence, Danielle McDonald -- The Hudson River: A Case Study of PCB Contamination / David O Carpenter, Gretchen Welfinger-Smith -- Other Water Pollutants: Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria / Amy R Sapkota -- Section VI: Current and Future Trends in Preventing Water Pollution. Part Introduction -- Controlling Water Pollutants / Jeffery A Foran -- Global Substitution of Mercury-Based Medical Devices in the Health Sector / Joshua Karliner, Peter Orris -- Addressing Sources of PCBs and Other Chemical Pollutants in Water / Gretchen Welfinger-Smith, David O Carpenter -- Additional Measures to Prevent, Ameliorate, and Reduce Water Pollution and Related Water Diseases: Global Water Governance / Nikhil Chandavarkar -- Section VII: Emerging Issues in Ecology, Environment, and Disease. Part Introduction -- Changing Geographic Distribution of Disease Vectors / Mary E Wilson -- Malaria in the Brazilian Amazon / Marcia C Castro, Burton H Singer -- Ecosystem Services, Water Resource Development, and Human Infectious Disease / Uriel N Safriel -- Ocean Pollution: Health and Environmental Impacts of Brominated Flame Retardants / Susan D Shaw, Kurunthachalam Kannan -- Section VIII: Conclusion. Part Introduction -- Assessment of Progress in Meeting the UN Millennium Development Goals / Gretchen Loeffler Peltier, Unni Krishnan Karunakara, Anson Elisabeth Wright -- Extending the Right to Health Care and Improving Child Survival in Mexico / Julio Frenk, Octavio G̤mez-Danťs -- Using Kinship Structures in Health Programming--An Example of Preventive Measures and Successful Interventions / Moses N Katabarwa -- Index.

"Descending from survivors of Ottoman-era atrocities, the Kurdish and Christian minorities in northern Syria were once again faced with annihilation when the Islamic State surged into their homelands. Joining forces, they formed an unlikely alliance even before the United States had entered the fray, leading a Global Coalition. Within a few years, the Kurdish-led outlawed militia known as the YPG/YPJ evolved into a multi-ethnic, multi-religious force in which the diverse peoples of the region were represented: Arabs from every tribe, Assyrian and Syriac Christians, Armenians, Yezidis, Circassians, Syrian Turkmen, and Kurds joined the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), fighting side-by-side to defend their land and defeat the Caliphate. One grueling battle at a time, the SDF expanded far beyond the Kurdish heartland known as Rojava into Arab-majority population centers. By the time the Islamic State was vanquished in March 2019, over 11,000 young SDF fighters laid buried in cemeteries. But their triumph over ISIS is only half the story. In defiance of the Assad regime, the Islamic State, and Turkey, the peoples of Northeast Syria created a de-facto state. While the SDF's battle against ISIS was supported by the Global Coalition against Daesh, including some 85 member countries and partners, the statelet they created is recognized by no one. That is the paradox this book seeks to explain. In 2012 the forces of Bashar al-Assad withdrew from the north of Syria to turn their guns on rebels in the south. Into the vacuum stepped the Syrian offshoot of the PKK. As the "Arab Spring" protests in Damascus and elsewhere descended into a brutal civil war, the Kurds in the north set up a rudimentary Self-Administration in three cantons: Afrin, Kobani, and Jazira. They were surrounded by enemies. The cantons that declared self-rule were not even connected to each other. Their chances of survival were slim. Then the Islamic State took over large chunks of Syria. While ISIS carried out beheadings on the main square of Raqqa, the Kurds audaciously promoted women into the most powerful positions of their Autonomous Administration. These women were the vanguard of a new kind of social experiment: the "Rojava Revolution." Instead of demanding the fall of Assad's regime, they wanted autonomy from the regime. Eight years later, they controlled one-third of Syria and two-thirds of its resources. They then had to govern it. And so they built a statelet. This local government has changed names over the years, and is now known as the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (AANES). Their experiment in self-rule is more inclusive, and does more to give real power to women and minorities, than any other region of Syria. Fractured by a decade of war, Syria is currently divided into four zones of control: the Assad regime, whose family has now ruled the country for half a century, still maintains a grip over the southern and western parts of Syria, the US-backed SDF holds the ground in the northern and eastern regions, Turkey and its proxies have carved out a swath of territory along the border, while an assortment of rebel and jihadist groups control Idlib. Each of these four zones manifest divergent forms of governance. Bashar al-Assad, having inherited the presidential palace from his father, Hafez al-Assad, showed little interest in making even nominal concessions to the citizenry who rose up to demand democracy and human rights starting in the spring of 2011. After Russia and Iran stepped in to support him in 2015, his willingness to compromise was diminished even further. Assad now claims to have won the war, although he only controls about 60% of the country"--

Chapter 1. India Gets through the Waves of the Pandemic: Public Policies and Self-Care Interventions on Health at the Crossroads -- Chapter 2. Sustainable Green Resilience and Globalization or De-Globalization in a Post-COVID World -- Chapter 3. Income Insecurity, GDP and the Future of Human Development: An Analysis for COVID-19 Period -- Chapter 4. Impact of COVID-19 and Responses to It: A Comparative Study of SAARC Countries in Light of Global Experiences -- Chapter 5.The COVID-19 Pandemic and Socio-spatial Inequality: A Study from the Metropolitan Area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil -- Chapter 6. Women in Pandemic: The Realities of the COVID-19 in the Darjeeling Himalayan Region -- Chapter 7. Exacerbated Digital Education Divide and the Marginalized: Experiences from India -- Chapter 8. Human Resource Management during the Pandemic Period: Emerging Challenges for the Public Sector Employees in India -- Chapter 9. Pandemic Outbreak and the Future of Poverty and Inequality Scenario: Indian Perspective -- Chapter 10. Healthcare Expenditure and Economic Development Dynamics in India: Lesson from Recent Pandemic -- Chapter 11. Mapping linkages between the Agriculture sector, Informal economy and Inequality amid Pandemic -- Chapter 12. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Informal Labour Market in India -- Chapter 13. New Pandemic in India: Emerging Challenges to Governance and Responses to Overcome -- Chapter 14. Employment Dynamics and Labour Mobility amidst COVID-19 Pandemic in India: A Critical Appraisal of ILO Recommendations. Chapter 15. India's Tryst with the Second Wave of COVID-19: Politics and Policies at the Crossroads -- Chapter 16. Beekeeping Livelihood at Stake amidst the Pandemic Outbreaks: A Study on the Migratory Beekeepers in West Bengal -- Chapter 17. Struggle of Apiculture Sector in West Bengal, India during COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysing the Demand and Supply Sides -- Chapter 18. The Importance of Public Expenditure on Crop Production and Exports in India: An Econometric Analysis in the Pandemic Trapped Era -- Chapter 19. A Study on the Impact of COVID-19 on Indian MSMEs -- Chapter 20. Indian Tourism Sector Under Siege of the COVID-19 Pandemic -- Chapter 21. Invasion of the Pandemic in Indian Economy and the Government: A General Equilibrium Approach -- Chapter 22. Rural Livelihood Options during the Pandemic in India: Finding Avenues for Revival -- Chapter 23. COVID-19 and Lockdown: Key Constraints & Surviving Strategies for the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) -- Chapter 24. Where Classical Ends, Keynes Proceeds: Arguments under the Perspective of Reviving India from the Impact of COVID-19.

Introduction: COVID-19 and Small Island States -- Public Health and Political Imperatives: Balancing Lives, Livelihoods, and Democracy in Jamaica's COVID-19 Experience -- COVID-19 in Pacific Islands People of Aotearoa/New Zealand: Communities Taking Control -- Coronavirus and CARICOM: The Benefit of a Regional University in a Coherent Pandemic Response -- Caribbean Economies and COVID-19: Impact and Prospects for 2021 and beyond -- Did French Polynesia cope with COVID-19? Intrinsic Vulnerabilities and Decreased Resilience -- A Magnifying Glass for Local Political and Economic Issues -- Double Jeopardy: Distance and Decentralisation in Tuvalu -- Learning from the Past? Sovereign Space and Recreating Self-Reliance in Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia -- Healthcare Denied? COVID-19 and Kiribati's Shrinking Transnational Space -- Small and Isolated Vava'u, Tonga: From Weakness to Strength during COVID-19? -- Tourism Policy Within a Pandemic: The Case of Bahamas -- An Industry in Crisis: How Vanuatu's Tourism sector is Building for Economic Recovery -- Vaccination for Vacation: Assessing the Resilience of the Jamaican Hospitality Industry in a Pandemic -- Tourism in a World of Disorder: A Return to the Vanua and Kinship with Nature in Fiji -- COVID-19 and Transnational Remittances in Samoa: Maintaining Family Ties in the Face of Crisis -- Pacific Labour Mobility on Pause: the consequences of temporary immobility during the COVID-19 pandemic -- From Face to Face to Meeting in Space: The Impact of COVID-19 on the Events Industry in Trinidad and Tobago -- Challenging the idea of work: Assessing the impact of COVID-19 on the future of work, health and well-being of the Jamaican workforce -- COVID-19 and Food Security in Fiji's Urban Areas: The Rise of Urban Farming and Home Gardening as a 'New Way of Life' -- Catching fish in COVID-19 currents: food security and governance in rural communities in Solomon Islands -- Of Isolation and Atolls: Coping with COVID-19 in Manus, Papua New Guinea -- COVID-19: The impact of a complex disaster on household food security in Caribbean SIDS -- God and the Virus in Papua New Guinea: Outsourcing Risk, Living with Uncertainty and (Re)creating a Niupela Pasin -- Igat wei bilong lukautim mipela yet istap (We can look after ourselves):Community-based Organisations Responding to COVID-19 in Papua New Guinea -- Safeguarding Human Rights in a Global Pandemic: Reflections on the Caribbean's Response to COVID-19 -- To Comply or not to Comply. State Resistance and Exceptions to COVID-19 Rules and Regulations -- Towards a resilient, inclusive and green recovery in the Caribbean -- Aftermath: Towards a 'New Normal'.

'Scholars have waited long and keenly for a book-length treatment of the subject of caste panchayats. Their expectations could not have been more substantially fulfilled. This is a work that combines real historical depth of learning with acute theoretical analysis. It is highly instructive and illuminating not only on the nature and function of caste panchayats, but on the wider details of caste's relation to politics and, quite generally, on the claims of Indian political modernity.' –Akeel Bilgrami, Sidney Morgenbesser Professor of Philosophy, Professor, Committee on Global Thought, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA 'The volume makes an important contribution in analytical understanding of castes and their historical formation in Panchayats. More importantly, the research work maps out the role these panchayats have been playing in consolidating both property as well political power relations. The author offers a careful account of complex phenomena such as caste panchayats.' —Gopal Guru, Former Professor, Centre for Political Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University; Editor, EPW, India The book refutes the dominant understanding about caste panchayats as mere dispute resolution bodies that are vestiges of the past. In tracing the long career and evolution of intra-caste governance from 300 BC to the present, it challenges several orthodoxies in the caste scholarship. Most prominently, it questions the assumptions of modernization theory that became internalized in the very definition of caste based political organisations as caste became a subject of study in politics in the 1960s and 70s. In doing this, the book reflects in some detail on the uncomfortable question of the persistence of caste-based conservatism despite the current dominance, so to say, of caste-based democratization in the Indian polity. It tries to make visible the limitations of 'caste politics from below', as it is being imagined today, making a plea for a radical re-imagination of caste as an identity that does not require a self-perpetuation of the primordial aspects of caste to purse the opportunities offered by modern democracy, but one that can facilitate the empowerment of caste through the pursuit of the ameliorations on offer as well as the annihilation of caste, as eventually mutual goals. Anagha Ingole teaches at the Department of Political Science, University of Hyderabad, India. She has been a Fulbright-Nehru Post-Doctoral Fellow at Columbia University New York, where she wrote a large part of this book. She started her work on caste panchayats while working with BARTI, Pune and has written on the topic since, in national and international publications.