Suchergebnisse

Gold mining in south-east Sulawesi Bombana is one of the potential natural resources in Indonesia. But nowadays the condition is due to lack of responsibility of the mining business to conduct post-mining reclamation in Bombana area, even though the mining activity has been carrying out mining business license. Post-mining activities are very important and must be done by the mining company, because it can minimize the destruction of natural environment in the mining site. The purpose of this research is to find out the mining conditions in the Bombana area as well as arrangements related to post-mine reclamation in the Bombana area. This study was written using the normative from data obtained by library research. Then related to the implementation of post-mining reclamation in Bombana is currently not carried out maximally, it is due to the uncertainty of regulations related to the post-mine reclamation obligations and the sanctioned rules that will be applied in the future still depend on local government regulations but the implementation is still not able to work effectively. So the steps that need to be taken in this case to avoid damage to the environment surrounding the mining site is necessary cooperation between the Government, the mining business actors and the community using soil conservation technology such as post-mining reclamation, which is regulated in a clear, transparent, accountable legislation.

Gold is frequently mined in rainforests that can provide either gold or forest benefits, but not both. This conflict in resource use occurs in Ghana, a developing country in the tropics where the capital needed for mining is obtained from foreign direct investment (FDI). We use a dynamic model to show that an ad valorem severance tax on gross revenue can be used to internalize environmental opportunity costs. The optimal tax must equal the ratio of marginal benefits from forest use to marginal benefits from gold extraction. Furthermore, the tax should increase (decrease) when adjusted net return on all other assets in the economy is higher (lower) than the growth in the price of gold. Empirical results suggest that the 3 per cent tax rate currently used in Ghana is too low to fully represent the external cost of extraction (i.e., lost forest benefits).

Gold mining in south-east Sulawesi Bombana is one of the potential natural resources in Indonesia. But nowadays the condition is due to lack of responsibility of the mining business to conduct post-mining reclamation in Bombana area, even though the mining activity has been carrying out mining business license. Post-mining activities are very important and must be done by the mining company, because it can minimize the destruction of natural environment in the mining site. The purpose of this research is to find out the mining conditions in the Bombana area as well as arrangements related to post-mine reclamation in the Bombana area. This study was written using the normative from data obtained by library research. Then related to the implementation of post-mining reclamation in Bombana is currently not carried out maximally, it is due to the uncertainty of regulations related to the post-mine reclamation obligations and the sanctioned rules that will be applied in the future still depend on local government regulations but the implementation is still not able to work effectively. So the steps that need to be taken in this case to avoid damage to the environment surrounding the mining site is necessary cooperation between the Government, the mining business actors and the community using soil conservation technology such as post-mining reclamation, which is regulated in a clear, transparent, accountable legislation.

In recent decades, Guyana's gold-rich interior has been the location of numerous, mostly low-latent, conflicts. In each case, groups of Afro and Indo-Guyanese originating from the country's coastal cities and towns - popularly referred to as 'Coast Landers' - have clashed with indigenous Amerindians over control of remote parcels of land containing gold deposits. Each appears to have a valid argument in support of its position: the former contend that they are legally entitled to work these lands, having obtained the requisite permits from the central government to mine for gold, whilst the latter maintain that such decisions constitute a breach of their human rights, and draw attention to key legislation in support of their case. This article broadens understanding of the dynamics of these conflicts by reflecting more critically on the arguments presented by both parties. Drawing heavily on research conducted in Mahdia-Campbelltown, one location where frictions between Coast Lander mining groups and Amerindians are particularly serious, it is argued that these disputes are not about control of gold riches as is popularly believed but rather a product of deeply-rooted ethnic tensions between these parties.

We examine the extent to which two of Africa's leading gold mining economies, Ghana and Tanzania, have adopted transformative local procurement policies to enhance backward linkages from the minerals sector. We assess the impact that evolving legislation in the gold industry has had on industrialization and development in each country. South Africa's gold mining investments in Ghana and Tanzania are used to illustrate policy impact and the state-capital relations that shape policy formulation and implementation. We conclude this study with concrete policy recommendations for host country governments and South African policy makers on how to deepen backward linkages emerging out of South African gold mining operations in each country. We propose that this research forms the beginning of in-depth assessments of the impact of South African mining investment on the continent and its potential role in realizing the minerals-based industrialization agenda of Africa's resource-rich economies.

Mercury‐dependent artisanal and small‐scale gold mining (ASGM) is the largest source of mercury pollution on Earth. In this practice, elemental mercury is used to extract gold from ore as an amalgam. The amalgam is typically isolated by hand and then heated—often with a torch or over a stove—to distill the mercury and isolate the gold. Mercury release from tailings and vaporized mercury exceed 1000 tonnes each year from ASGM. The health effects on the miners are dire, with inhaled mercury leading to neurological damage and other health issues. The communities near these mines are also affected due to mercury contamination of water and soil and subsequent accumulation in food staples, such as fish—a major source of dietary protein in many ASGM regions. The risks to children are also substantial, with mercury emissions from ASGM resulting in both physical and mental disabilities and compromised development. Between 10 and 19 million people use mercury to mine for gold in more than 70 countries, making mercury pollution from ASGM a global issue. With the Minamata Convention on Mercury entering force this year, there is political motivation to help overcome the problem of mercury in ASGM. In this effort, chemists can play a central role. Here, the problem of mercury in ASGM is reviewed with a discussion on how the chemistry community can contribute solutions. Introducing portable and low‐cost mercury sensors, inexpensive and scalable remediation technologies, novel methods to prevent mercury uptake in fish and food crops, and efficient and easy‐to‐use mercury‐free mining techniques are all ways in which the chemistry community can help. To meet these challenges, it is critical that new technologies or techniques are low‐cost and adaptable to the remote and under‐resourced areas in which ASGM is most common. The problem of mercury pollution in ASGM is inherently a chemistry problem. We therefore encourage the chemistry community to consider and address this issue that affects the health of millions of people.

AbstractThe value of a gold mine is shown to be a function of the return on gold, production costs, the level of gold reserves, and the proportion of assets unrelated to gold price risk. Assuming that forward gold prices are the market's unbiased expectations of future spot prices, a model is derived that estimates the theoretical gold price elasticity of gold mining stock. The model shows that if a company's primary business is gold mining, the gold price elasticity of the company's stock is greater than one. Using monthly data over the ten year period 1981 through 1990, the model is tested for a sample of 23 publicly traded gold mining companies.

Der Beitrag diskutiert die Relevanz des frontier (Siedlungsgrenze)-Begriffes im Hinblick auf die Einrichtung von Goldminencamps in Westafrika seit Mitte der 1990er Jahre. Am Beispiel des handwerklichen Goldbergbaus in Westafrika werden die wirtschaftlichen, sozialen und kulturellen Aspekte mobiler Bergbaugemeinschaften, ihre internen sozialen Beziehungen sowie Konflikte mit den lokalen Gemeinden und des Staates untersucht. Dabei werden drei Goldminenorte verglichen und ihre Situation vor dem Hintergrund klassischer sowie jüngerer anthropologischer Studien zu Migration, sozialer Innovation und lokalem Ressourcenmanagement in Westafrika analysiert. Der frontier-Begriff dient dabei als heuristische Kategorie, um die sehr heterogenen Kontexte und Konfliktsituationen miteinander vergleichen und in einen größeren räumlichen Zusammenhang setzen zu können. Ich nehme dabei den Ansatz von Igor Kopytoff zur Untersuchung historischer Siedlungsbewegungen in internen frontier-Räumen Afrikas auf, modifiziere diesen aber insofern, als ich Migranten der Goldgräber-frontier sowohl wirtschaftliche, politische als auch kulturelle Innovationspotenziale gleichermaßen zuschreibe. Schließlich werden Wege der Integration von Goldsuchern unterschiedlichster Herkunft in die entstehenden Bergbaugemeinschaften, nachgezeichnet, die sich trotz vieler in diesem Bereich herrschender Konflikte offenbaren.

Unlicensed Gold Mining (Penambangan Emas Tanpa Izin – PETI) is a mining business undertaken by an individual, or a group of people, or a legal entity incorporated in its operation without licenses and government agencies in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. PETI activities that do not follow the correct mining rules, have resulted in environmental damage, waste of mineral resources, and mine accidents. Besides that, PETI not only causes the potential revenue to decrease, but also the state/government must spend enormous funds to repair environmental damage.This research takes place in West Dumoga, Bolaang Mongondow District, North Sulawesi Province which has several points which become the location of unlicensed gold mining (PETI). The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of environmental damage caused by gold mining. Besides, this research will trace the socio-economic impact caused that harm the surrounding community. In accordance with the objectives to be achieved, this research using descriptive qualitative research method. The data was collected by conducting direct observation at the research site by interviewing and distributing questionnaires, and tracking the related documents. The results of this study are expected to provide a comprehensive argument of the phenomenon of PETI in West Dumoga, Bolaang Mongondow District, North Sulawesi Province along with the ecological, economic and social impacts. Furthermore, the results of this study is expected to be a contribution of thought to the Government of Bolaang Mongondow District in policy making and solving problems of PETI. This research is also expected to be a source of reference for related parties and society in general.

Plan wanting on National Library copy. ; Electronic reproduction. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; 44