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In the modern epoch many countries, including China and Russia, have developed market economies of differing types. This work provides an analysis of the laws of market regulation, state regulation and proportional development, as well as an analysis of the relations between them, all of which are of exceptional scientific and political significance. The law of proportionality is a universal law of social production and of the national economy. The law of market regulation (the law of value) represents an important mechanism for implementing the law of proportionality in a commodity economy, and has played a decisive role in the application of this latter law from the time when the simple commodity economy was transformed into a capitalist commodity economy. The law of state regulation (the law of planning) is the means of realisation of the law of proportionality in collectivised production and in a state-regulated national economy. In China's socialist market economy the law of state regulation (the law of planning) and the law of market regulation (the law of value) are combined into an organic whole with fruitful, mutually reinforcing functions and synergetic effects, in order to bring the law of proportional development into play and to banish the old economic problem of disproportions in economic development. Through these methods, a larger mass of production can be achieved with a smaller expenditure of resources, while obtaining maximum benefit and bringing about a high level of economic and social well-being.

Planning law is defined and its historical development in Nigeria from the Town Improvements Ordinance Order 1863 onwards is described. The Land Use Act 1978, legislation directed towards tenure regulation, and its implementation are discussed. Procedures for compliance with planning law are explained, together with development control and enforcement provisions. The divergence between planning law in theory and practice is discussed. (DSE)

Empirical studies of the dynamics of law have fixed the "growth points" of new directions in its evolution, characterizing the general vector of development, largely due to the hybridization of the legal landscape. It is formed by the so­cially significant interaction of a person adapted to an unusual environment, in­cluding through his own technological upgrade, hybrids of nature and culture (quasi-objects, "subject-objects"), which are overcoming the boundaries between culture and nature, the actor and the material. Theoretical understanding of the obtained data leads to the conclusion about the formation of a new "paradigm" of the evolution of law, which determines its hybridization as a result of conver­gence with technological innovations and practices; transformation from a norm­ative to an automated normative-cognitive system; convergence of the content and form of law, normative and individual legal regulation; modification of a number of its features, such as normativity and formal certainty; revision of the ideological foundations of law, its fundamental principles – humanism, free will, equality and justice. The depth of the corresponding transformations de­pends on what place the ideas that make up the content of these principles will occupy in the value system of the new society.

Economic regulation as an administrative activity has become one of the quintessential subjects in modern Colombian administrative law. Despite the fact that Colombian law uses a fairly restrictive, organic, approach to economic regulation, few studies have analysed that connection between economic regulation and Government agencies. Without taking sides with that restrictive approach, this article tries to show the inconsistencies and difficulties to regulate properly in Colombian law, because of that connection between that administrative activity and those special agencies: the regulation commissions.

This book encapsulates in detail the principles pertaining to legal and regulatory aspects of aerodromes. As the title denotes, it discusses the various aspects of the structure and functioning of an aerodrome and the complexities involved. It focuses on the law and regulation of aerodrome certification and planning, aerodrome services, financial and economic planning, security, management and governance.The airport industry is one of the fastest growing within the aviation industry, requiring innovation and creativity in management. This in turn has called for an increased focus on advanced management programmes for airport managers and lawyers. The Airport Management Professional Accreditation Programme (AMPAP) offered worldwide by the International Civil Aviation Organization and Airports Council International, and the Angkasa Pura II Airport Management Excellence Programme of Indonesia are two such initiatives which give airport professionals a sound grounding on the principles and techniques of management and law.