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It is conventional to speak of voting as "habitual." But what does this mean? In psychology, habits are cognitive associations between repeated responses and stable features of the performance context. Thus, "turnout habit" is best measured by an index of repeated behavior and a consistent performance setting. Once habit associations form, the response can be cued even in the absence of supporting beliefs and motivations. Therefore, variables that form part of the standard cognitive-based accounts of turnout should be more weakly related to turnout among those with a strong habit. We draw evidence from a large array of ANES surveys to test these hypotheses and find strong support. Adapted from the source document.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 The Significance of Symbiosis -- Chapter 2 Evolutionary Origins and Fates of Organisms in Symbiosis -- Chapter 3 Conflict and Conflict Resolution -- Chapter 4 Choosing and Chosen: Establishment and Persistence of Symbioses -- Chapter 5 The Success of Symbiosis -- Chapter 6 Perspectives -- References -- Index

Cuba, an island 750 miles long, with a population of about 11 million, lies less than 100 miles off the U.S. coast. Yet the island's influences on America's cultural imagination are extensive and deeply ingrained. In this book the author probes the importance of Havana, and of greater Cuba, in the cultural history of the United States. Through books, advertisements, travel guides, films, and music, he demonstrates the influence of the island on almost two centuries of American life. From John Quincy Adams's comparison of Cuba to an apple ready to drop into America's lap, to the latest episodes in the lives of the "comic comandantes and exotic exiles," and to such notable Cuban exports as the rumba and the mambo, cigars and mojitos, the Cuba that emerges from these pages is a locale that Cubans and Americans have jointly imagined and inhabited. The book deftly illustrates what makes Cuba, as the author writes, "so near and yet so foreign."

International audience ; Le champ de recherche émergent des "Night studies" rassemble et croise des travaux d'historiens, d'urbanistes, de spécialistes de la culture visuelle et d'analystes des politiques locales et gouvernementales . Le nombre croissant d'histoires de la nuit montre à l'évidence que les significations que revêt la nuit sont loin d'être naturelles, elles sont bien plutôt profondément liées au changement de conditions économiques, géographiques et techniques.

International audience ; Le champ de recherche émergent des "Night studies" rassemble et croise des travaux d'historiens, d'urbanistes, de spécialistes de la culture visuelle et d'analystes des politiques locales et gouvernementales . Le nombre croissant d'histoires de la nuit montre à l'évidence que les significations que revêt la nuit sont loin d'être naturelles, elles sont bien plutôt profondément liées au changement de conditions économiques, géographiques et techniques.

A review essay on a book by Glenn C. Loury, The Anatomy of Racial Inequality (Cambridge: Harvard U Press, 2002). Loury focuses on discrimination & on the concepts of "stigma" & blackness as a "badge of dishonor." Though Campbell describes Loury's work as thought provoking, he argues that Loury is too ambivalent about affirmative action, disparages antidiscrimination laws, & fails to provide a workable strategy to promote structural transformation. Campbell concludes that Loury's work raises a number of important questions; however, it offers no conclusive answers. K. Larsen

Séfarades originaires d'Afrique du Nord, Chaldéens de Turquie, Antillais, Maghrébins, Pondichériens, Africains noirs... en tout, près d'une centaine de nationalités et d'origines se côtoient à Sarcelles. Bien plus que l'urbanisme, c'est cette diversité qui est aujourd'hui constitutive de l'identité sarcelloise. D'autant qu'à Sarcelles, une manière bien particulière de vivre ses origines culturelles et la citoyenneté française se fait jour, entre intégration individuelle, tentation communautaire, voire ethniciste, et vie
de la commune.