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The Virgin Islands are located in the Caribbean. The arc of Caribbean islands begins off the coast of Florida and extends all the way to South America. When the Revised Organic Act of 1954 was established, the United States Congress declared the U.S. Virgin Islands to be an unincorporated territory of the United States. The Virgin Islands government consist of three branches that are known as Judicial, Executive , and Legislative branch. There are some major challenges in Virgin Islands. Some of them are: several hurricanes in recent years, frequent and severe droughts and floods, and occasional earthquakes. With that being said the most severe challenge is heart disease and stroke. Over 80 percent of Virgin Islanders report having at least one major risk factor for heart disease. Heart disease symptoms can be easy to notice. They include shortness of breath, irregular heart beats, a faster heartbeat, weakness or dizziness, nausea, or sweating. This short report will discuss general information about the Virgin Islands, and also give one insight on heart disease in the Virgin Islands.

This public health brief draws attention to the issue of ischemic heart disease that is currently plaguing Panama. Due largely to the dietary culture of the country, ischemic heart disease remains the number one health-related killer of Panamanians. Over the past few decades, there has been a stark increase in the amount of processed foods that are becoming a large part of the diets of western nations, and Panama has become no stranger to this trend. Although there have been great strides made in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, Panama still has a long road ahead of itself before the disease is eradicated. With joint efforts between the Panamanian government and its people, ischemic heart disease can soon become part of the country's history.

Ever since the Registrar General began to give mortality rates for different marital condition groups, it has been observed that, in every age group and for both sexes, the widowed have higher mortality rates than the married. In his 1959 Annual Statistical Review, the Registrar General made some analysis of this differential in terms of causes of death. The excess mortality as compared with the married appeared to affect the diseases listed in Table 1. The Registrar General's commentary asked 'Leaving aside the question of possibility of error (in statements of marital condition) is it possible that the effect of death of a spouse is such as to increase the likelihood of death in the surviving member of the partnership? Here the basis of discussion has little factual support but it seems right to suppose that in the period immediately following bereavement the general state of 'shock' indeed is such as to increase likelihood of death. In the majority of young and middle-age widowed persons, however, this period passes and adjustment takes place, often followed by remarriage. There will be some selection here similar in many respects to that affecting the decision whether single persons should marry. With the older person, however, adjustment is more difficult to attain, remarriage is less common and the surviving partner, particularly the man, may live under relatively unfavourable conditions.'

This article focuses i on the broad aviation medicine considerations that are required to optimally manage aircrew ii with suspected or confirmed congenital heart disease (both pilots and non-pilot aviation professionals). It presents expert consensus opinion and associated recommendations and is part of a series of expert consensus documents covering all aspects of aviation cardiology. This expert opinion was born out of a 3 year collaborative working group between international military aviation cardiologists and aviation medicine specialists, as part of a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) led initiative to address the occupational ramifications of cardiovascular disease in aircrew (HFM-251) many of whom also work with and advise civil aviation authorities.