Suchergebnisse

Gegenstand des vorliegenden Beitrags ist die Untersuchung der Anforderungen, Chancen sowie Risiken aktueller Markt- und Rahmenbedingungen für regionale Produktionssysteme. Es wird hierfür eine historische Betrachtung herangezogen, um auf deren Basis Analogien zur heutigen Zeit abzuleiten. Insbesondere wird die Bedeutung basaler Infrastruktur für die Entwicklung regionaler Wirtschaftsräume und darin befindlicher Produktionssysteme analysiert.
 
In this article the requirements, chances and risks of current market and framework conditions for regional production systems are examined. For this purpose a historical consideration serves as the basis to derive analogies. In particular, the importance of basic infrastructure for the development of regional economies and their production systems is analyzed.

Статья посвящена проблемам существования частной законодательной инициативы в истории России. Особое внимание уделено теоретическим вопросам выявления способов и процедур участия частных субъектов в законотворчестве, выделению периодов в развитии частной законодательной инициативы, обозначению исторических аналогий с современными составляющими законодательного процесса. ; The article is devoted to the existence of private legislative initiative in the history of Russia. Special attention is given to theoretical issues to identify ways and procedures of participation of private actors in the lawmaking process. Periods in the development of private legislative initiative are allocated. Historical analogies with modern components of the legislative process are designated.

Dmitry V. Shlapentokh, Thermidor or Mongol Empire: History as a political model in Russian émigré thought.
The article demonstrates that the Russian émigrés had been preoccupied with the historical analogies of the events which followed the Bolshevik Revolution. There were basically two historical models: French and Oriental. According to the "French model", the downfall of the Bolshevik regime would come about and the regime would suffer its Thermidor. On the other hand, according to the "Oriental model", the regime would enjoy its stability. While the French model had been popular shortly after the Bolshevik Revolution, the Oriental model became popular in émigré thought from the 1930's to the end ofthe 1950's.

Especially during Barack Obama's first campaign for the presidency, commentators and Obama himself noted several similarities between him and Abraham Lincoln. These comparisons became the premises for arguments from historical analogy. Such arguments can have several purposes, including making a direct comparison, using the past as a new frame of reference for the present, and suggesting teleology. Each of these uses has pitfalls as well as promises. Obama, however, used analogies to make a fortiori arguments, indicating that if Lincoln could surmount greater obstacles, we should be able to su

From Sectarianization to De-Sectarianization: How to Advance Human Security in the Middle East – Selective Arms Flows and Arms Control: Producing Insecurity in the Middle East … and Beyond – Insecurity, Order and Pluralism in the Middle East: An Agenda for a Critical Approach to Security Studies – Beyond Security and Stability – Contra-Identity: Psycho-Nationalism After the ‹Middle East› – Islamists and the Arab Counter-Revolutions – Dahlan vs Belhaj: The Maghreb in the Arab War of Narratives – Dialogues in New Middle Eastern Politics: On (the Limits of) Making Historical Analogies to the Classic Arab Cold War in a Sectarianized New Middle East – Whose Stability? Assessing the 'Iranian Threat' through History

Рассмотрены вопросы исторических аналогий применительно к текущим значимым геополитическим событиям в контексте развертывания дальнейших сценариев принятия политических решений. Показаны различия между западноевропейским и отечественным содержанием и формой правового мышления, базирующемся на практике судебного прецедента, признаваемого как источник права и лежащего в основе альтернативной правовой системы. Делается вывод о необходимости правового анализа актуальных политических проблем. ; There are considered the questions of historical analogies in relation to the current significant geopolitical events, the difference between the West European and domestic contents and form of legal thinking. The conclusion about need of the legal analysis of actual political problems is drawn.

Recent discussions about Iran's nuclear issue have not only raised questions about its present and future policies but also over the past. The aim of this study is to identify historical analogies employed on the nuclear issue of Iran from 2003 to 2016. It shows how some senior government officials in Iran dealing with the nuclear issue have been fighting analogical battles, in terms of comparing Iran's current situation with other historical events. Research findings suggest that "Hudaybiyya Peace Treaty," "Peace Treaty of Imam Hassan," "Treaty of Turkmenchay," "Nationalization of Oil," and "Resolution 598" are the episodes that different analogizers have used, as they present their agreement or disagreement with the negotiations over Iran's nuclear policy.

Abstract: In this article, the author scientifically analyzes and substantiates the historical and poetic features of the novel by the French writer Prosper Merimee "Chronicle of the reign of Charles IX". The choice of topic was, and in this case, internally connected with the acute, exciting problems of our time. The impetus for the emergence of the Jacquerie idea was the liberation struggle of the masses during the years of the Restoration regime. In the "Chronicle", Merimee depicts the social unrest unleashed by the ruling elite. This topic sounded no less topical in France in the late 20s of the XIX century. However, it would be a mistake to look in the Chronicle for straightforward analogies between the political struggle of the Restoration era and the historical reality of the 16th century. Comprehending the events of the distant past, Merimee did not adjust them to the present, but sought in them the key to the laws of the era that interested him, and thereby to the discovery of broader historical generalizations.

This introductory essay aims at highlighting some aspects concerning the connections between the Ostrogoths and Franks in the Middle Ages. To this end, cases from different contexts and chronologies have been examined: firstly, Giovanni Villani's chronicle, which conveys a polarized image of the Gothic and Carolingian worlds; and then some testimonies from the ninth century, that use the Ostrogothic model in connection with the present in a more complex and ambivalent manner. The various interpretations of the Gothic world are linked by a tendency to emphasize historical analogies, that leads to an overall and protracted disinterest in the specific forms of Ostrogothic society and in work that most documents it, Cassiodorus' Variae.

Based on historical analogies, we emphasize a connection between financial crises and technological shifts where the shift calls for a structural economic transformation. We discuss how political pressures related to this structural transformation pave the way for the return of a new form of Mercantilism. This time it is the competition for high-tech jobs that drives politicians to be more nationalistic. Our conclusion is that the race for jobs in a period of technology shift, coupled with experimental efforts by central banks, will lead to the need for a post-covid 19 reorganization of international companies' global logistics chain. The current pandemic will act as a catalyst to this very transformation.

Russians have a somewhat unique approach to history in which they constantly appeal to historical analogies in explaining particular political processes. Thus, some Soviet intellectuals see the Bolshevik Revolution as a follow-up to the French Revolution; this view makes Russian history globally & universally important. Such interpretation of the French Revolution has been shaped within an ideological mixture of Maoism, Trotskyism, & existentialism. A good example of this approach is found in the writings of Albert Soboul, a leading leftist historian of the Revolution. Soboul tried to demonstrate that the result of revolution in both the French & Russian cases was greatly affected by the bureaucratization of the revolutionary establishment. The views of Russian historians Viktor Dalin & A. Z. Manfred on analogies between the two revolutions are also explored. In employng images of the French Revolution, Dalin saw the solution to the USSR's political problems in a renewed Jacobinism, not in capitalist Thermidor. Manfred, in contrast, saw a Thermidor as the solution. However, it appears that in the wake of the Soviet breakup & the loss of Western ideological predominance in the world, the Bolshevik & French Revolutions have fallen back into their own historical contexts. M. Pflum

Bianca Maria Gerlich
It was the object of this article to discover possible historical traces of the basic structure of the novel-cycle Ciclo dei Pirati della Malesia by Emilio Salgari, in particular the historical existence of its chief protagonist Sandokan. Since historical facts corresponding to the setting of the cycle can in fact be found, it is clear that Salgari's novel should not be read as mere fictional literature but rather as literature with an historical background. Besides some rather general historical facts and circumstances, even some of the details turn out to be historical. The names of persons, places and constellations that were well-known in Europe such as "James Brooke", "Sarawak" and "Labuan" figure, but so do "Sandokan" and the "flag of the tiger" which were known at the time to a rather small group of people in Sabah. Salgari's dates are correct, too : Le Tigri di Mompracem starts at the end of 1849, and the original version La Tigre della Malesia in 1847 ; the battle of Malludu in fact took place in 1845. In the Yanez-passage we are informed that Sandokan was resident on the north coast of Borneo for a few years before he settled down in Mompracem.
Perhaps the fundamental messages of the cycle correspond more to historical reality than some reports by European contemporaries or historians do. The Sandokan' s fight for freedom against the European colonizers reflects historical reality. Salgari portrayed history from the perspective of the "losers" and not from that of the "winners", unlike what one finds in most European literature of the last century. His protagonist, who belongs to the weaker party, is positively valued, whereas in official British historiography Malludu is obviously viewed negatively.
However, it should be realized that only the basic structure of the novel coincides in part with historical events and persons, whereas vast parts - especially the immanent actions - belong to fiction. The cycle shows a form of virtual historical reality : Salgari worked his story out upon a historical frame, the polarity between "Sandokan" and "the British". The tension between this poles is essentially determined through the efforts of the colonizers. A detailed examination of historical analogies in the immanent parts of the cycle, or concerning Salgari's descriptions on Bornean customs, social relations and other aspects could bring forth further interesting results. The introductory question concerning the place of historicity in Salgari's Ciclo dei Pirati della Malesia can however be answered positively even on the basis of our preliminary examination. The three symbols "Mompracem", and the "flag of the tiger" and "Sandokan" did exist and were handed down orally and in writing. But more relevant perhaps is the connection between "Sandokan" and the "flag of the tiger" through Sandokan's native country Malludu. He lived there and was indeed very probably in a position of authority. The emblem of Malludu was the flag of the tiger. Malludu was mentioned by Salgari in what may be seen as a basically correct historical context. His fundamental historical message privileges the "Malay" and not the "European" side. Salgari's anti-colonial interpretation thus finds interesting echoes in the modern discussion of nineteenth-century colonial expansion in Southeast Asia.