Suchergebnisse

The closure of water circuits within pulp and paper mills has resulted in a higher contamination load of the final mill effluent, which must consequently be further treated in many cases to meet the standards imposed by the legislation in force. Different treatment strategies based on advanced oxidation processes (ozonation and TiO2-photocatalysis), and their combination with biological treatment (MBR), are herein assessed for effluents of a recycled paper mill and a kraft pulp mill. Ozone treatment achieved the highest efficiency of all. The consumption of 2.4 g O3 L−1 resulted in about a 60% COD reduction treating the effluent from the kraft pulp mill at an initial pH = 7; although it only reached about a 35% COD removal for the effluent of the recycled paper mill. Otherwise, photocatalysis achieved about a 20–30% reduction of the COD for both type of effluents. In addition, the effluent from the recycled paper mill showed a higher biodegradability, so combinations of these AOPs with biological treatment were tested. As a result, photocatalysis did not report any significant COD reduction improvement whether being performed as pre- or post-treatment of the biological process; whereas the use of ozonation as post-biological treatment enhanced COD removal a further 10%, summing up a total 90% reduction of the COD for the combined treatment, as well as it also supposed an increase of the presence of volatile fatty acids, which might ultimately enable the resultant wastewater to be recirculated back to further biological treatment.

Geographical and economic access barriers to health facilities (HF) have been identified as some of the most important causes of the low coverage of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) treatment. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness and coverage of SAM treatment delivered by community health workers (CHWs) in the Guidimakha region in Mauritania, compared to the HF based approach. This study was a nonrandomized controlled trial, including two rural areas. The control group received outpatient treatment for uncomplicated SAM from HF, whilst the intervention group received outpatient treatment for uncomplicated SAM from HF or CHWs. A total of 869 children aged 6–59 months with SAM without medical complications were included in the study. The proportion of cured children was 82.3% in the control group, and 76.4% in the intervention group, we found no significant difference between the groups. Coverage in the intervention zone increased from 53.6% to 71.7%. In contrast, coverage remained at approximately 44% in the control zone from baseline to end-line. This study is the first to demonstrate in Mauritania that the decentralization model of CHWs treating SAM improves acute malnutrition treatment coverage and complies with the international quality standards for community treatment of acute malnutrition. The non-randomized study design may limit the quality of the evidence, but these results could be used by political decision-makers as a first step in revising the protocol for acute malnutrition management.

Michael Mann's 'The Sources of Social Power', reviewed here, challenges Marxist historical materialism on its own ground by seeking to establish the ecological, logistical and ideological dimesions of power as they can be observed in human societies from the dawn of history to the early modern epoch. (CP)

In September, 2014, the University of Ottawa Education Research Unit, Making History / Faire l'histoire, hosted Canadian History at the Crossroads, a SSHRC-funded symposium in collaboration with the Canadian Museum of History in Gatineau, Québec. The symposium brought together multiple stakeholders, historians, history and museum educators, classroom teachers—including Governor General's award winners as well as teacher education and graduate students—to stimulate further public dialogue on pedagogies of history and the politics of remembrance. Building on some of the symposium's original contributions as well as other submissions, this Canadian Journal of Education Special Capsule advances current debates in history education, historical thinking, and historical consciousness, and forges new directions for collective understandings of the past, by connecting with everyday lived experiences in the present. The contributions range from discussions of how young people themselves understand their past to the link- ages between forms of remembering and conceptions of the nation itself.

This article distinguishes historical ills and historical injustices. It conceives of the latter as legalised natural crimes, committed by morally competent agents. A natural crime consists in the deliberate violation of a natural right. 'Legalised' means that the natural crime must be prescribed, permitted or tolerated by the legal system. I advocate an approach which assesses moral competence on the basis of an exposedness criterion, that is: a historical agent must not be blamed for failing to see the right moral reasons if his epoch and social world is utterly unacquainted with these reasons. However, an appropriate application of the exposedness criterion should take social factors and psychological mechanisms into account that obstruct access to the right reasons. I state a number of factors that seem to be auspicious for the development of moral competence.

This article addresses the issue of specificity in certain genres of Uzbek historical folklore, in particular, historical epics, historical narratives and historical songs.

Electronic version created 2017, University of Central Florida Libraries, State University System of Florida. ; Pensacola's Cast Iron Architecture by Cynthia Catellier -- New Deal Historic Preservation for Key West by Matthew G. Hyland -- The Hammer, the Sickle, and the Phosphate Rock: The 1974 Political Controversy over Florida Phosphate Shipments to the Soviet Union by Brad Massey -- Book Reviews -- End Notes -- Florida in Publications 2015 -- Index to Volume 94