Suchergebnisse

The author deals with the history of Croatian Home Guardsmen in the World War Two. The organization and the development of the Home Guard, or Croatian, armed forces is presented, with reference to the political, military and economic conditions. The author emphasizes the need for further studying the history of Croatian Home Guard in the Independent State of Croatia. Along these lines the author presents his views of the problem. (SOI : CSP: S. 583)

The author provides a short review of the most important events in Croatian history during the 20th century. He begins by emphasizing the importance of the burning of the Hungarian flag in Zagreb during the visit of emporer Franz Joseph in 1895. Other turning points of Croatian history in the 20th century were: declaration of the Rijeka resolution, which was the basis of the Croato-Serbian Coalition; the end of long term relations with the Habsburg monarchy, and the entry into a unified state with Serbia; the experience of Serbian domination in that state; the events of the Second World War; and the renewal of Yugoslavia under a communist dictatorship. The author has decided to publish this review as a model for a further historical study of this period. (SOI : CSP: S. 453)

Newspaper articles about Hungary on the pages of Vjesnik in the period between 1945 and 1950 were relatively numerous, but dealt exclusively with political circumstances and relations. Three basic stereotypes could be seen in the writings about Hungary, and it is indicative that they were formed in a relatively short period of four years and that they were radically opposite to each other. The first one, in the period from the end of the World War Two up to the establishment of complete communist command in Hungary in the Fall of 1947, when the defeated forces and civil political groups were ascribed negative aspects of Hungarian life and relationship with Yugoslavia, with affirmation of all the activities connected with national democratic, communist orientation. The other, in the short period between the Fall of 1947 and Summer of 1948, when the articles about Hungarian themes had solely positive characteristics. The third, after the resolution of Information Bureau of the Cominform in Summer of 1948, when the newspaper pages on Hungary were again full of negative articles, but this time Hungarian communist leadership was blamed for all the negativities. The picture about Hungary which one could get from the newspapers was generally incomplete, oriented primarily to the political events. It obviously depended on political and ideological orientations of Yugoslav ruling communist circles. The information was in the service of achieving exclusively political goals, not to give thorough and complete information to the readers. (SOI : CSP: S. 518)

The article represents a review of the most recent works on German minority (Volksdeutsche) history by the Serbian author S. Maricic. The author pays attention to the content of the book and points out factual mistakes, false quotations, and misrepresenting. (SOI : CSP: S. 343)

R. J. Kvaternik (1799-1851), professor of history at the Kings Academy of Sciences in Zagreb, had a great influence on several generation of Croatian intellectuals through his pedagogic work and his patriotic and liberal views. The Zagreb journal Südslawische Zeitung also reflected liberal and democratic views. The author compares Kvaternik's views, exposed in questions for public examinations in general and Hungarian History (positiones), with those expressed in the journal concerning actual political issues and institutional, economic, and cultural questions. In both cases, there is notable democratic orientation, inclination towards parlamentary system, and the need for education of the people as requirement for a general progress of the country. The ideas of equality, tolerance, and peaceful resolution of issues are fundamental to the views. S. Z. stands steadfastly to its views. The similarities between Kvaternik's views and those of S. Z. suggests that some of Kvaternik's disciples were contributors to the journal. Unfortunately, this remains only a presupposition, because articles in S. Z. were not signed. (SOI : CSP: S. 276)

In his first review of Korunic's position published in an earlier issue of the Journal, the autor tried to show how Korunic fails to base his assessment of the early Croat nationalism of the 19th century on historical sources and how he changes his appraisal of the ideology of yugoslavism and the ideas of federalism and confederalism in political programs of the Croatian Revival Movement (so-called Illyrian Movement) and the National Party. The author thinks that Korunic's methodology reflects a new not yet well established trend in historiography of basing historical evaluations on slightly modified sources. Thus, instead of discussing the complex problems of Croatian history, Korunic and other representatives of this new trend force the issue of establishing the exact factography and by singling out of certain authors create an unhealthy atmosphere in Croatian historiography. Korunic renounced his previously held assessment of the presence of Yugoslav idea in the Croatian history of the 19th century, which creates an atmosphere where it is not easy to begin a discussion about historiography in former Yugoslavia. (SOI : CSP: S. 514f.)

The author discusses the history of Croatian teaching in the Independent State of Croatia, a topic seldom written about up to now. For the first time a short review of the organization of the secondary school education in Zagreb during the World War Two is presented, and particularly the development of Croatian educational concepts and practice in the Independent State of Croatia. (SOI : CSP: S. 567)

Until their arrival to the territories they occupy today, Croats were greatly dependent on Danube, the region of their settlements, wars, and life in general. However, they were not the leading political group, and they were not merchants. These two facts made the great nations which decide on the world's fate to forget that Croatia was not only a maritime, but also a Danubian country, and that its future rested primarily on the development of its border-line position between East and West. From the rich history of Danubian region the author of the present paper offers a few ideas and several facts, not taking into account the whole scope of this problem in the present day and also in the history of Croats on the shores of Danube. This problem can and should be investigated multidisciplinary, confronting the actual economic analyses with the past events, which would allow to make at least some conclusions about the importance of Danube region for Croatia as an unavoidable determinant of Croatian state and its inalienable borders. (SOI : CSP: S. 308)

Croatia entered the World War Two with three different political options represented by Pavelic, Macek and the Communist Party of Croatia. The author presents the most important problems, evaluating them and emphasizing that in further researches on the history of the Independent State of Croatia the Ustasha, the German and the Italian documentation, besides the communist, are unavoidable. (SOI : CSP: S. 423)

In the present paper the author continues his critical evaluation of both historiographic and journalistic works published between the second half of 1978 and the end of February 1997 about the history of Freemasonry in Croatian terrritories. In the beginning of this period journalistic contributions were more numerous, but in recent years, with a few exceptions, the papers belonging to historiography are predominant. The authors of the latter papers are Josip Kolanovic, Ljubo Antic, Ante Duplancic and Ivo Pederin. (SOI : CSP: S. 286)

Although one of the youngest institutions on the territory of former Yugoslavia, the Zagreb Jewish Community grew in the period between the wars to become the richest and the strongest Jewish institution in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. With the except G. Schwartz's work, which covers the period prior to the mid - nineteenth cent history of this community is available. The materials for this article are drawn from paper published in Zagreb, "The Jew", and other publications of the Jewish community. (SOI : CSP: S. 53)

The author presents the basic directives, policy of and the situation in the Croatian Peasant Party (HSS) during the Independent State of Croatia. He deals with the most important questions from the history of the wartime HSS: separation of the pro-Ustasha wing from HSS, activities of the group around Farolli, Jancikovic and Tomasic, central leadership around Kolutic, the attitude towards the partisan movement, the attitude towards the Tito-Subasic agreement, HSS at the end of the war and emigrating of some of its officials, among them their leader Macek. (SOI : CSP: S. 459)

Much has been written about the human losses of Croatia in the World War Two and in the period following it, but a lot of these writings offers unfounded and contradictory information. The author refers to the previous manipulations with the number of the war victims and presents his own calculation of the losses in the World War Two (demographic losses, emigration, war losses). He deals especially with the problem of the victims in Jasenovac, of those massacred by the partisans near Bleiburg and of those who died on the "way of the cross" and later in the postwar period, but also generally with the problem of the Croatian, Serbian and Muslim victims during the period of the Independent State of Croatia. (SOI : CSP: S. 560)

Upon researching archival sources dating from the periods of Austro-Hungarian, Italian and Croatian rule, the author attempts to examine the condition of health and hygene in Istria between 1900-1950. He believes that these conditions were crucial in shaping urban and rural mentalities during a period which witnessed rapid industralization and urbanization. This study shows the difficult and constant struggle of a small number of enthusiasts, often outside of official institutions. It was a struggle against backwardness, prejudice and death. It is a tale of poverty, hunger, sickness and death, but it also speaks of the indestructability of the spirit in this region. The study will shed light on and important part of the social history of urban and rural Istria. (SOI : CSP: S. 545)

The author primarily studies the works of Croatian and non-Croatian theologians and historians puplished since the 1980s which deal with the cultural and political activities of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Croatia and Bosnia-Hercegovina. In the article's introduction, the author stresses that in recent times there has been a growth of interest in this topic because of the increased political activity of the Serbian Orthodox Church in the former Yugoslavia and its attitude toward Serbian aggression in Croatia and Bosnia-Hercegovina. He also cites publications written by Croatians and non-Croatians that were published from 1918 to 1982. The main issues of his analysis are the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate of Pec outside of the Ottoman Empire's borders; the problem of the union of churches during the 17th and 18th centuries; the role of the Serbian Orthodox Church in the process of Serbian national integration in Croatia and Bosnia-Hercegovina during the 19th and early 20th century; and finally, the problem of theological debates and political developments during the 20th century. Special emphasis is also placed on the behaviour of the Church during the course of the Second World War, when it collaborated with German occupational forces. After the war, the Serbian Orthodox Church not only kept silent about this, but it also made unsubstantiated claims about the wartime collaboration of the Croatian Catholic Hierarchy and the Croatian people. The author concludes by saying that further research is needed into these and other related topics so that new light may be thrown on the more than three hundred year long history of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Croatia. (SOI : CSP: S. 176)