Suchergebnisse

This article is closed access. ; This article reviews the development of sport policy in Hong Kong. The focus is on the sport development in Hong Kong after it returned to China's sovereignty in 1997, including its largely independent international status as a legitimate non-sovereignty sporting participant which combines both the legacy of British colonisation and increasing interaction with Mainland China. In this article, Hong Kong's, to some extent, unique political system in particular its relationship with Mainland China under the Basic Law, government involvement in sport and its sports organisational structure and funding are introduced. In addition, its policy priorities and the balance between elite sport, the hosting of sporting events and mass sport, elite sport achievements and emerging issues, most notably civil society's 'division', regarding the relationship with Mainland China and the function of sport in Hong Kong's identity shaping, social integration and its relationship with Beijing are discussed.

Includes index ; A straightforward text for beginners on the law of contract in Hong Kong ; published_or_final_version ; General Editor's Foreword pvii ; Preface pix ; Table of Legislation p179 ; Table of Cases p181 ; Index p187 ; 1 What Contracts Do p1 ; 2 What the Law of Contracts Does p5 ; 3 How Contracts Are Made p17 ; 4 How Contracts Are Interpreted p45 ; 5 Defective Contracts p65 ; 6 Discharge p89 ; 7 Remedies p101 ; 8 Restrictions On Remedies p117 ; 9 Parties to Contractual Rights p147 ; 10.Illegality and Public Policy ; 11 Deeds, Formalities and Capacity p171 ; 1.1 Contracts and Other Obligations p1 ; 1.2 The Functions of Contract p2 ; 1.3 The Basis of Contract p3 ; 2.1 Introduction p5 ; 2.2 Is There a Contract? p6 ; 2.3 What Is the Effect of the Contract? p8 ; 2.4 Defective Contracts p10 ; 2.5 Whom Does the Contract Concern? p12 ; 2.6 What Happens If the Contract Is Broken? p13 ; 3.1 Intention to Create Legal Relations p17 ; 3.2 Agreement p21 ; 3.3 Offer p22 ; 3.4 Termination of Offer p24 ; 3.5 Acceptance p27 ; 3.6 Tenders p31 ; 3.7 Consideration p32 ; 4.1 Seeking the Meaning p45 ; 4.2 Statements p45 ; 4.3 Puff or Representation? p46 ; 4.4 Representation or Term? p46 ; 4.5 Written Contracts: Special Rules p48 ; 4.6 Conditions Precedent and Subsequent p49 ; 4.7 Construction of a Contract p50 ; 4.8 Collateral Contract p51 ; 4.9 The Relative Importance of Terms p52 ; 4.10 Implied Terms p56 ; 4.11 The Battle of the Forms p61 ; 5.1 Vitiating Factors p65 ; 5.2 Misrepresentation p66 ; 5.3 The Remedies p70 ; 5.4 Mistake p74 ; 5.5 Rectification p81 ; 5.6 Duress and Undue Influence p81 ; 5.7 Unconscionable Bargains p84 ; 6.1 Methods of Discharge p89 ; 6.2 Performance p89 ; 6.3 Agreement p92 ; 6.4 Accord and Satisfaction p93 ; 6.5 Acceptance of Breach As Repudiation p93 ; 6.6 Frustration p95 ; 7.1 The Range of Remedies p101 ; 7.2 An Action in Debt or For the Price p104 ; 7.3 Damages p105 ; 7.4 Equitable Remedies p110 ; 7.5 Tort p112 ; 7.6 Quasi-contract p112 ; 7.7 Loss of Remedy p113 ; 8.1 Remedies Fixed By the Parties p117 ; 8.2 Liquidated Damages Clauses, Penalty Clauses and Deposits p117 ; 8.3 Liquidated Damages, Penalty and Limitation Compared p120 ; 8.4 The Nature of Exemption Clauses p120 ; 8.5 Construction of Exemption Clauses p122 ; 8.6 Has the Clause Been Incorporated Into the Contract? p122 ; 8.7 Is the Clause Worded Clearly Enough to Cover the Damage? p132 ; 8.8 Fundamental Breach p133 ; 8.9 Other Problems of Construction of Exemption Clauses p135 ; 8.10 Can Legislation Help? p137 ; 8.11 The Passage of Time p141 ; 9.1 Privity p147 ; 9.2 Exceptions to the Privity Rule p150 ; 9.3 Agency p152 ; 9.4 Assignment p153 ; 10.1 Introduction p161 ; 10.2 The Scope of Illegality p161 ; 10.3 Illegal By Ordinance p162 ; 10.4 Illegal As Formed or Performed p162 ; 10.5 Illegality and Public Policy p163 ; 10.6 Public Policy p166 ; 10.7 Restraint of Trade p166 ; 10.8 One-sided or Two-sided Illegality p168 ; 11.1 Deeds p171 ; 11.2 Written Evidence p171 ; 11.3 Capacity p174

Characterizing Hong Kong's international status can be a hazardous endeavour.As a British colony and not a sovereign state, the territory has not been seen asan independent actor on the international stage. Attempts to identify theterritory's status have been further complicated by the 1984 Sino-British agreementto transfer Hong Kong's sovereignty from Britain to China in 1997. WhenHong Kong becomes a Special Administrative Region (SAR) with a 'highdegree of autonomy' under Chinese sovereignty after 1997, it will continue to bea non-sovereign territorial entity in international terms. Nonetheless, under the'one country; two systems' formula it has been granted extensive authority andpower in its internal governance, and the scope of autonomy in its externalrelations as agreed upon between the British and Chinese governments isextensive.

THE 26th HONG KONG INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL (27 March - 7 April 2002) marked the first time the event was solely organized by the Hong Kong Arts Development Council, a statutory body beyond the direct bureaucratic control of the HK government. After absence caused by the recent administrative turmoil, many of the festival's former programmers have returned to their posts, with the aim of giving the festival a new look and direction. The festival also managed to bring off a coup with the help of the Hong Kong Film Archives which organized a nostalgic retrospective of Mandarin film classics made by Cathay in the 1960s titled "Back to Dreamland: Cathay Showcase". The screenings were extended past the closing of the festival. With budget constraints, however, the usual 16-day event was trimmed to 12 days with over 200 films, instead of more than 300. Happily, the quality of films, particularly.

Who were the Hong Kong British, and where did they live? This question sat at the heart of anguished and angry debates prompted by the colonial government's edict in June 1940 ordering the evacuation to Australia of all women and children of 'pure European descent'. In this article, I focus on thematic strands in the debate on Hong Kong British identity, such as race, class, legal domicile, reputation and migration, to explore the complex character of such British communities outside the Dominions. This article aims to characterise what it meant to be British in the wider empire, and deepen our understanding about the place of such communities in the picture of colonial migration.

This article aims to put Hong Kong on the map of East Asia's biotech studies by identifying the major themes of biotech innovation specific to the city- state's colonial past and postcolonial present and future. I provide evidence of a concerted effort led by biologist-entrepreneurs to promote the biotech industry in postcolonial Hong Kong. Through assessing scientific literature, media represen- tations, business strategies, and programmatic visions of key scientist-entrepreneurs in Hong Kong's biotech enterprise, I highlight how factors such as local history and geopolitical considerations shape the emerging "Hong Kong's bioscience dream." Using the recent discovery of a new recombinant anticancer drug, pegylated human recombinant arginase (BCT-100), as a case in point, I explore how biotech research and applications are marketed and interpreted in relation to Hong Kong's unique historical, political, and cultural context, thus making it distinct from other Asian Tigers. My analysis of the featured recombinant drug reveals a set of uniquely Hong Kong–centered cultural meanings attributed to biopharmaceutical research and benefits. This case reflects how genetic engineering and biotech research are configured and imagined within the context of the postcolonial Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. ; postprint

Hong Kong exemplifies a special case in which the notions of `bilingual education' and `dominant language background' take on non-conventional meanings. First, only the immersion approach to bilingual education is officially accepted and bilingual classroom practices have been discouraged by the Hong Kong government as educationally unsound (Education Commission 1990, 1994, 1995). Government policies notwithstanding, Cantonese-English bilingual classroom practices are prevalent, albeit officially illegitimate, in what are nominally English medium secondary schools/universities. Second, although Cantonese is the mother tongue and the dominant, daily life, language of the majority of people in Hong Kong, English is the politically and socioeconomically dominant language. ; postprint

Modem states, democratic ones in particular, have grown to prefer the use of more subtle, or at least less visible, police surveillance to open confrontation in a courtroom, where the state itself may be scrutinised in public. Well-equipped national security agencies enable the state to respond to potential security threats before they mature. Hong Kong's political police unit, the Special Branch, was indispensable to Hong Kong's colonial political order. Although it was disbanded before the handover of Hong Kong to China in 1997, political policing and monitoring probably continue under the new legal order. This article examines the historical origin of political policing in Hong Kong, including the establishment of the Special Branch and its initial focus on communist activity in Hong Kong. It then traces the demise of the Special Branch prior to the handover, examines the role played by the Independent Commission Against Corruption, and explores the relevance of political policing to contemporary society. ; published_or_final_version

Au Loong Yu gives a detailed account of the development of the Hong Kong rebellion while focusing on the role of the different protestors' camps, as well as on the contribution of the labour movement to the mobilizations. Despite Hong Kong society's deeply entrenched conservatism and belief in the market, the massive demonstrations have facilitated the participation of large sections of the population hitherto relegated to the political margins. The recent Hong Kong elections saw the opposition win a landslide victory, possibly showing the limits of China's grip over the island.

by Lu Hai-biao, Shi Hong-lan. ; Includes questionnaire in Chinese. ; Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 74-75). ; ABSTRACT --- p.ii ; TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii ; LIST OF TABLES --- p.v ; ACKNOWNLEDGEMENT --- p.vi ; Chapter ; Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 ; Purpose of the Study --- p.2 ; Scope of the Study --- p.3 ; Research Methodology --- p.4 ; Limitations --- p.5 ; Chapter II. --- HISTORY OF THE CHINA ENTERPRISES IN HONG KONG --- p.6 ; Classification --- p.6 ; History --- p.8 ; Recent Development --- p.12 ; Chapter III. --- ROLES OF THE CHINA ENTERPRISES IN HONG KONG --- p.15 ; Economic Relations between Hong Kong and China --- p.15 ; Trading Partners --- p.15 ; Source of Non-trade Income --- p.16 ; Source of Investment Capital --- p.16 ; Roles of the China Enterprises --- p.17 ; Profit Motivation --- p.17 ; Attracting Foreign Funds and Technology into China --- p.18 ; Maintaining Prosperity and Stability --- p.19 ; "Active Involvement in Hong Kong Economy Undertaking the Responsibility A ""Window"" for Mainland China" --- p.21 ; Political Force --- p.22 ; Chapter IV. --- FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS --- p.24 ; Respondents' Profile --- p.24 ; General Background of Enterprises --- p.26 ; Time of Registration --- p.26 ; Ownership --- p.28 ; Public Company --- p.29 ; Business Scope --- p.29 ; Joint Investment in Hong Kong --- p.32 ; Investment in Mainland China --- p.35 ; Expansion into Overseas Market --- p.35 ; Organization Structure --- p.36 ; Size --- p.36 ; Administration Structure --- p.36 ; Local Employees in Organization --- p.39 ; Tenures of the Top Leaders --- p.41 ; Decision Making Process --- p.41 ; Operation --- p.43 ; Business Objectives --- p.43 ; Main Market --- p.44 ; Perception of Respondents about Current Performance and Prospect --- p.46 ; Future Investment --- p.46 ; Perception of Respondents about Competition Environment and Competitiveness --- p.48 ; Human Resource Management --- p.50 ; Educational Level of Executives --- ...

published_or_final_version ; abstract ; Public Administration ; Master ; Master of Public Administration