The article demonstrates how Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) geographic headings for the Southern Levant mirror the political investment of Congress and the American public in Middle East politics over the last thirty years. The headings' evolution as well as Library of Congress rules governing their creation is charted in detail. These LCSH headings contrast markedly with those established in other national libraries (BnF, DNB) and independent value vocabularies (TGN, GeoNames), and global opinion regarding the legal status of the occupied territories. I sketch the historical context of their formation and offer suggestions as to how libraries can "decolonize" their metadata in service of Sanford Berman's "access and equity."
Since the 1980s, the evolution of the French medical demography has led to an uneven distribution of practitioners across the national territory. These imbalances are partly linked to shortages of practitioners in hospitals in secondary urban hubs and to strategies to avoid certain disadvantaged or rural urban areas by new generations of doctors. This problem has thus created an opportunity for practitioners with qualifications outside the European Union to come to work in France, in order to overcome dramatic deficits in hospital structures. The aim of this research is to study the situation of PADHUE in the Poitou-Charentes region, which is affected by the "partial medical shortage". She wondered about the geographical distribution and conditions of practice of these doctors and about the migration paths and plans of these highly qualified migrants who work in a key sector: that of the hospital. ; International audience ; Since the 1980s, the evolution of the French medical demography has led to an uneven distribution of practitioners across the national territory. These imbalances are partly linked to shortages of practitioners in hospitals in secondary urban hubs and to strategies to avoid certain disadvantaged or rural urban areas by new generations of doctors. This problem has thus created an opportunity for practitioners with qualifications outside the European Union to come to work in France, in order to overcome dramatic deficits in hospital structures. The aim of this research is to study the situation of PADHUE in the Poitou-Charentes region, which is affected by the "partial medical shortage". She wondered about the geographical distribution and conditions of practice of these doctors and about the migration paths and plans of these highly qualified migrants who work in a key sector: that of the hospital. ; Depuis les années 1980, l'évolution de la démographie médicale française engendre une inégale distribution des praticiens sur le territoire national. Ces déséquilibres sont en partie liés à des ...
The EC has requested Research Infrastructures and RI Projects to respond how they can set up possible actions that can be oriented towards the objective to create a European data platform for COVID-19 related information exchange . Our goal is to remove barriers that hinder high-quality, reproducible science leading to evidence-based interventions, such as Non-availability of relevant data – over countries, from various sources. Some data might be lost forever if they are not collected in due course. Need for a data panel to collect actions, attitudes and behaviours of citizens. We need a coordinated, web-based platform to collect data of citizens. This must be done in multiple countries (languages, cultural differences). Limited accessibility of data. Some data require security or privacy-protection measures and can only be accessed by remote access techniques. Difficulties of finding the data (by humans and machines),There is a massive data lake on social behaviour. Depending on the type of the crisis we need to filter out relevant data quickly. This is hindered due to lack of standardised descriptions (metadata) and physical spread of the data over countries and locations. Extensive efforts needed to combine data (over countries, over types of data), Multilinguality and differences in data types hinder data comparison and data integration, and would require large and time consuming efforts by researchers. The Data Portal should be designed to become a Scientific Commons and Virtual Collection on all the relevant (non-medical) social and political/policy data on the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences. It should cover data and research from the multiple disciplines that are relevant (e.g. demography, economics, linguistics/natural language processing, media and communication studies, migration studies, political science, psychology, sociology, urban studies, etc.). It should incorporate the great variety of data formats (official statistics, surveys, registers, social media, qualitative, multi-media data, ...
Even though in Argentina we have immigrants from Sub Saharan Africa arriving at the end of the Nineteenth Century and beginning of the Twentieth Century such as those from South Africa and Cape Verde, this new immigration from Senegal, Nigeria, Cameroon, Ghana, among other countries, during the last decade of the Twentieth Century and first decade of the Twenty-first Century appears in a different historical and political context. This new migration is facing legal regimes and increasingly restrictive administrative by-laws, framed in the growing economic globalization.This work is part of the first results of a research on this migration from an anthropological perspective. This study, which began in 2009, takes into account contributions made by history, political sciences, demography, among other disciplines, making use of articles written by African and Non-African social scientists. We are convinced that in this exchange of views our limitations may be overcome. ; Si bien en la Argentina poseemos una inmigración desde el África subsahariana a partir de fines del siglo XIX y principios del XX, como la de los sudafricanos y los caboverdeanos, esta nueva inmigración, de la última década del siglo XX y la primera del XXI, que llega desde Senegal, Nigeria, Camerún, Ghana, entre otros países, aparece en un contexto histórico y político diferente, enfrentada a regímenes jurídicos y estatutos administrativos cada vez más restrictivos, enmarcada en la creciente globalización de la economía.Este trabajo constituye una parte de los primeros resultados de la investigación iniciada en el año 2009 sobre esta migración desde una perspectiva antropológica, sumando los aportes que nos brindan la historia, la ciencia política y la demografía –entre otras disciplinas–, haciendo uso de los materiales producidos por científicos sociales africanos y no africanos, con el convencimiento de que en el diálogo de miradas se pueden superar las propias limitaciones. Para acceder al Artículo utilice el link: ...
Despite its reputation as technical and unexciting discipline, the subject of a study of demography, the population, is one of the most complex, controversial, ideologised and, of course, exciting people that may find themselves (we are not in vain the 'population'). Few data are presented here, for the most part as a statistical annex, but the aim is to provide a summary and historical picture of the world's demographic situation and, above all, of how it has been analysed and understood, and of the policies undertaken during the 20th century to change its foreseeable evolution. As will be seen, the asepsia and technical nature of the discipline almost always conceals a very large number of political and economic interests that have inextricably marked the technical, thematic and institutional development of the discipline itself. ; Peer reviewed ; Despite its reputation as technical and unexciting discipline, the subject of a study of demography, the population, is one of the most complex, controversial, ideologised and, of course, exciting people that may find themselves (we are not in vain the 'population'). Few data are presented here, for the most part as a statistical annex, but the aim is to provide a summary and historical picture of the world's demographic situation and, above all, of how it has been analysed and understood, and of the policies undertaken during the 20th century to change its foreseeable evolution. As will be seen, the asepsia and technical nature of the discipline almost always conceals a very large number of political and economic interests that have inextricably marked the technical, thematic and institutional development of the discipline itself. ; Pese a su reputación de disciplina técnica y poco emocionante, el objeto de estudio de la demografía, la población, es uno de los más complejos, polémicos, ideologizados y, por supuesto, apasionantes que puedan encontrarse (no en vano la "población" somos nosotros). Se presentan aquí pocos datos y, en su mayor parte, como anexo ...
International audience Predicting the effect of a changing environment, e.g., caused by climate change, on realized niche dynamics, and consequently, biodiversity is a challenging scientific question that needs to be addressed. One promising approach is to use estimated demographic parameters forpredicting plant abundance and occurrence probabilities. Using longitudinal pinpoint cover data sampled along a hydrological gradient in the Marais poitevin grasslands, France, the effect of the gradient on the demographic probabilities of colonization and survival was estimated. Theestimated probabilities and calculated elasticities of survival and colonization covaried with the observed cover of the different species along the hydrological gradient. For example, the flooding tolerant grass A. stolonifera showed a positive response in both colonization and survival to flooding, and the hydrological gradient is clearly the most likely explanation for the occurrence pattern observed for A. stolonifera. The results suggest that knowledge on the processes of colonization and survival of the individual species along the hydrological gradient is sufficient for at least a qualitative understanding of species occurrences along the gradient. The results support the hypothesis that colonization has a predominant role for determining the ecological success along the hydrological gradient compared to survival. Importantly, the study suggests that it may be possible to predict the realized niche of different species from demographic studies. This is encouraging for the important endeavor of predicting realized niche dynamics.
See also: "The modal share of public transport in cities around the world: an analysis of the UITP database on urban transport systems in 100 cities around the world/Iragaël Joly; Sophie Masson; Roman Petiot [Research Report]. — 2003'. The study presented in this article is based on the database set up by the International Union of Public Transport (UITP), The Millenium Cities Database. This database provides an overview of urban transport systems in 100 agglomerations. The data cover, among others, demography, urban structure, transport networks, mobility, environmental effects, etc. The analysis makes it possible, as a first step, to develop a number of agglomeration profiles, which leads to a marked divide between "European mobility" and "American mobility". Secondly, it explores possible relationships between the market share of public transport and, on the one hand, geographical and economic conditions, on the other hand, the characteristics and performance of transport systems. As a third step, an econometric approach makes it possible to test the statistical validity of previously identified relationships. ; The determining factors in the modal part of public transport in 100 towns around the world. - A survey introduced in this article draws upon the database assembled by the UITP (International Association of Public Transport), « The Millennium Cities Database ». This database provides an overview of urban transport systems in 100 urban areas. The data concerns among other things demographic factors, urban structure, transport networks, mobility and environmental effects, etc. The analysis of this information makes it possible to draw up several profiles of urban areas, highlighting a marked division between a « European-style mobility » and an « American-style mobility ». It subsequently explores the possible relationships between the market share of public transport systems and considers on the one hand the geographical and economic conditions, and on the other hand the characteristics and performance ...
In Europe, and in the Mediterranean area, large predators' populations (such as bear, wolf, lynx, or birds of prey) either disappeared or greatly regressed during the 19th and first part of 20th century due to their eradication. Their reappearance, as a result either of conservation of remainder populations, spontaneous migrations or active reintroduction, and their protection under the Bern Convention framework, has repercussions on wildlife as well as on human activities. On one hand, large predators contribute to the balance of the ecosystem by their place in the trophic chain and the regulation of the demography of other species, as well as they may enhance the attractiveness of the region. On the other hand, they may be perceived as direct threats by the population, as competitors by the hunters, or as predators of the livestock by the farmers, and particularly by sheep and goat breeders, the consequences on the livestock varying depending on the local context and sheepherding techniques. This situation results in conflicts between the different stakeholders, which are often unresolved. This paper examines the underlying values (well-being, autonomy, justice) supported by the different stakeholders (small ruminants, breeders, rural population, hunters, ecologists, urban population, authorities, ecosystem, predators), on the basis of an ethical matrix, and explores ways of resolving these conflicts on the basis of the discussion ethics praised by Habermas. ; National audience En Europe et dans le bassin méditerranéen, les populations de grands prédateurs (ours, loup, lynx ou oiseaux de proie) ont soit disparu, soit fortement régressé durant le 19ème ou la première moitié du 20ème siècle du fait de leur éradication. Leur réapparition, due à une politique de conservation, à des migrations spontanées ou à une réintroduction active, et leur protection dans le cadre de la Convention de Berne, ont des répercussions sur la faune sauvage ainsi que sur les activités humaines. Les grands prédateurs contribuent à ...
This article proposes new perspectives for analysing the demography of four French overseas departments (DOM: Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique and Réunion). What are the effects of public population policies, including by the Office for Migration of the DOMs (Bumidom, 1963-1981) and its successors, on migration to mainland France? The 1968 to 1999 censuses make it possible to measure the scale and structure of these migratory flows over time, as well as their weight in the native population of the overseas departments. Based on differences in regressions, this analysis allows the impact of Bumidom policies to be measured. It shows that this body has fostered the growth of migration, also fuelled by socio-economic inequalities between the French overseas departments and metropolitan France. While the provision of higher education in the overseas departments and the share of bachelors are not progressing at the same pace, school aspirations can also be drivers of migration. A comparison of the overseas departments remaining in the overseas departments with those in metropolitan France shows that, since 1968, the latter have been characterised by a higher level of education. ; Cet article propose de nouvelles perspectives d'analyse de la démographie de quatre départements français d'outre-mer (DOM : Guadeloupe, Guyane, Martinique et La Réunion). Quels sont les effets des politiques publiques de population, portées notamment par le Bureau pour la migration des DOM (Bumidom, 1963–1981) et ses successeurs, sur les migrations vers la métropole ? Les recensements de 1968 à 1999 permettent de mesurer l'ampleur et la structure de ces flux migratoires au cours du temps, ainsi que leur poids dans la population des natifs des DOM. S'appuyant sur des régressions en différences de différences, cette analyse permet de mesurer l'effet des politiques menées par le Bumidom. Elle montre que cet organisme a favorisé la croissance des migrations, également alimentées par les inégalités socioéconomiques entre les DOM et la ...
This Working Paper builds on the scientific discourse on valuation of SSH research as well as SSH-integration in EU framework programmes and aims at summarizing the key findings from the November 2018 Austrian EU Presidency Conference "Impact of Social Sciences and Humanities for a European Research Agenda - Valuation of SSH in mission-oriented research". It deals with the topic in three instalments. First, it will discuss recent trends in research funding. Second, it provides a brief historical overview of the efforts of integrating SSH into the EU Research Framework Programme. It then adds some observations about continued challenges in SSH. Finally, it will conclude with some suggestions for SSH scholars, based on the discussions from the conference. In that regard the Working Paper is also a document for further reading for those who have read earlier, shorter texts that were published in preparation of that conference.
Includes indexes. ; Based on A. Caprioli's Ritrai di cento capitani illustri, Rome, 1596. His portraits have been used in slightly altered form. ; Engraved title-page; engraved portrait illustrating each biographical sketch. ; The portraits are probably by Pompilio Totti and are based on engravings by Aliprando Caprioli's illustrations for Ritrai di cento capitani illustri, Rome, 1596. In later printings the text is attributed to Giulio Roscio. ; Dedication and prefatory note by Totti. ; Numbers 61-64 repeated, 77-80 omitted, in pagination. ; Imprint in colophon (p. [288]): In Roma, Appresso Andrea Fei, MDCXXV. ; Signatures: [a]⁴ b⁴ A-2O⁴. ; Errata: p. [15] (first series) and p. [1] at end. ; Cicognara, ; Mode of access: Internet.
