Suchergebnisse

This paper uses quantitative restrictions to exports implemented in Bolivia in order to investigate the impact of export restrictions on the volume of production. We apply a synthetic controls approach and show that production of cattle beef fell remarkably when quantitative restrictions are imposed. Importantly, we show that export restrictions have a negative impact not only on total production, but also on production for local market. The fact that export controls can actually harm production for local market bears important implications for the design of policies in the future. ; Fil: García Lembergman, Ezequiel. Universidad de San Andrés. Departamento de Economía; Argentina. Fil: Rossi, Martín A. Universidad de San Andrés. Departamento de Economía; Argentina. Fil: Stucchi, Rodolfo. Universidad de San Andrés. Departamento de Economía; Argentina.

In this paper, we uncover a novel fact about the relationship between exporting and importing. Using a comprehensive database of Argentine rms, we nd that exporting to a new destination increases the probability of a rm beginning to import from that market within the lapse of one year. We develop a standard model of import behavior and, by testing its predictions, we rule out productivity as an explanation and argue that export entry reduces import xed costs. We show that the e ect is stronger in distant markets and when importing involves non-homogenous and rarely imported goods. Taken together, our results suggest that rms gain knowledge on -or establish links with- potential suppliers after export entry, which reduces the costs associated with searching for import sources. ; Fil: Albornoz, Facundo. Universidad de San Andrés. Departamento de Economía; Argentina. Fil: García Lembergman, Ezequiel. Universidad de San Andrés. Departamento de Economía; Argentina.

In this paper I provide an estimate of labor productivity growth for the electricity distribution sector in Latin America, in the period 1994 to 2001. I report an annual rate of labor productivity change of about 6%. A comparison of the changes in prices and labor productivity reveals that, in most cases, final prices to customers did not fall to reflect the huge labor productivity gains that were achieved during the period under analysis. ; Fil: Rossi, Martín A. Universidad de San Andrés. Departamento de Economía; Argentina.

[ES] José Juan Romero and Gabriel Ferrero (Eds.) 2004 Editorial Desclée de Brouwer, Bilbao March Poquet, JM. (2004). Overview of the book Rural Development in Nicaragua. From consensus in principles to a proposal for action. Agricultural Economy and Natural Resources — Agricultural and Resource Economics. 4 (7): 162-166. doi:10.7201/earn.2004.07.10 ; 162 166 4 7 ; [ES] José Juan Romero and Gabriel Ferrero (Eds.) 2004 Editorial Desclée de Brouwer, Bilbao March Poquet, JM. (2004). Overview of the book Rural Development in Nicaragua. From consensus in principles to a proposal for action. Agricultural Economy and Natural Resources — Agricultural and Resource Economics. 4 (7): 162-166. doi:10.7201/earn.2004.07.10 ; SWORD ; [ES] José Juan Romero and Gabriel Ferrero (Eds.) 2004 Editorial Desclée de Brouwer, Bilbao March Poquet, JM. (2004). Overview of the book Rural Development in Nicaragua. From consensus in principles to a proposal for action. Agricultural Economy and Natural Resources — Agricultural and Resource Economics. 4 (7): 162-166. doi:10.7201/earn.2004.07.10 ; [ES] José Juan Romero y Gabriel Ferrero (Eds.) 2004 Editorial Desclée de Brouwer, Bilbao March Poquet, JM. (2004). Reseña de libro Desarrollo rural en Nicaragua. Del consenso en los principios a una propuesta para la acción. Economía Agraria y Recursos Naturales - Agricultural and Resource Economics. 4(7):162-166. doi:10.7201/earn.2004.07.10

International audience Forests do not just provide wood. They also contribute to, inter alia, the water quality of the catchment area for the water resources harnessed in the vicinity, carbon storage, the maintenance of rich biodiversity. Based on these findings, the involvement of forest owners as managers and providers of environmental services should be enhanced or intensified. This raises the question of payment for environmental services. While this issue is not new in economics, it provides an opportunity to revisit the work of R. Coase (1960) by raising specific issues of applicability of payments for environmental services to the forestry sector. ; Les forêts n'offrent pas seulement du bois mais participent aussi à la qualité de l'eau des bassins d'alimentation des captages environnants, au stockage du carbone, au maintien d'une biodiversité riche et à bien d'autres services encore. De ces constats, leurs propriétaires doivent être mieux ou plus impliqués en tant que gestionnaires et offreurs de services environnementaux. À ce titre, la question du paiement pour services environnementaux est posée. Cependant, cette question n'est pas nouvelle en économie mais elle permet de revisiter les travaux de R. Coase (1960) en soulevant des questions concrètes d'applicabilité des paiements pour services environnementaux dans le secteur forestier.

Advertising and its effects have been debated for well over a century. In the last fewdecades a generally sceptical view of the benefits of advertising has been overturned by a series ofacademic advances in economics that detail a variety of ways in which advertising may affect theeconomy and society. This academic work has however been paralleled by a growing popular andpolitical opposition to advertising and its social effects. In this paper, the positive economic case foradvertising is challenged by an assessment of the main channels of its influence and by a review ofthe associated empirical findings on its economic and wider impact. A policy response of limitingthe tax deductibility of business advertising is explored.

The planet is affected by a twofold phenomenon: its resources are shrinking while the amount of waste generated is increasing. This research is part of the field of consumer behaviour. The aim is to investigate the influence of consumer communications from various societal actors (mainly public authorities and businesses) on the "dematerialising" behaviour of consumers. "Dematerialising" behaviour is used to save the resources consumed and/or reduce waste generation. ; La planète est touchée par un double phénomène : ses ressources s'amenuisent tandis que la quantité de déchets générés augmente. Cette recherche s'inscrit dans le domaine du comportement du consommateur. Il s'agit d'investiguer les influences des communications, en matière de consommation, émises par divers acteurs sociétaux (principalement les pouvoirs publics et les entreprises) sur les comportements " dématérialisants " des consommateurs. On parle de comportements " dématérialisants " quand ils permettent une économie des ressources consommées et/ou une diminution de la production de déchets.

The article demonstrates how Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) geographic headings for the Southern Levant mirror the political investment of Congress and the American public in Middle East politics over the last thirty years. The headings' evolution as well as Library of Congress rules governing their creation is charted in detail. These LCSH headings contrast markedly with those established in other national libraries (BnF, DNB) and independent value vocabularies (TGN, GeoNames), and global opinion regarding the legal status of the occupied territories. I sketch the historical context of their formation and offer suggestions as to how libraries can "decolonize" their metadata in service of Sanford Berman's "access and equity."

In 2008, Vian reported an increasing interest in understanding how corruption affects healthcare outcomes and asked what could be done to combat corruption in the health sector. Eleven years later, corruption is seen as a heterogeneous mix of activity, extensive and expensive in terms of loss of productivity, increasing inequity and costs, but with few examples of programmes that have successfully tackled corruption in low-income or middle-income countries. The commitment, by multilateral organisations and many governments to the Sustainable Development Goals and Universal Health Coverage has renewed an interest to find ways to tackle corruption within health systems. These efforts must, however, begin with a critical assessment of the existing theoretical models and approaches that have underpinned action in the health sector in the past and an assessment of the potential of innovations from anticorruption work developed in sectors other than health. To that end, this paper maps the key debates and theoretical frameworks that have dominated research on corruption in health. It examines their limitations, the blind spots that they create in terms of the questions asked, and the capacity for research to take account of contextual factors that drive practice. It draws on new work from heterodox economics which seeks to target anticorruption interventions at practices that have high impact and which are politically and economically feasible to address. We consider how such approaches can be adopted into health systems and what new questions need to be addressed by researchers to support the development of sustainable solutions to corruption. We present a short case study from Bangladesh to show how such an approach reveals new perspectives on actors and drivers of corruption practice. We conclude by considering the most important areas for research and policy.

177 181 14 1 ; SWORD ; [EN] The contribution of De Castro et al. in this issue (De Castro et al., 2014) underlines the role that small farms play in the EU agriculture and highlights how the recent CAP reform meets specificities and needs of this farming model. As the majority of EU farming are family farms and most of them are small either in physical or in economic terms, small-scale and family farming concepts are often used in an interchangeable way. Coppola, A. (2014). Comment: Is CAP addressed to support family farm?. Economía Agraria y Recursos Naturales - Agricultural and Resource Economics. 14(1):177-181. https://doi.org/10.7201/earn.2014.01.14

the article is a critical review of Joseph E. Stiglitz's work. The free market and the collapse of the global economy, relating to the 2008 crisis, analysing its gestation, its responsible actors, the economic measures taken and the ideology underlying this process. ; El artículo es una reseña crítica de la obra de Joseph E. Stiglitz, Caída libre. El libre mercado y el hundimiento de la economía global, referente a la crisis de 2008, analizando su gestación, sus responsables, las medidas económicas tomadas y la ideología que subyace en este proceso.

The article aims to determine the impacts of a policy to reduce pollutant emissions as part of a model of a small open economy, comprising two regions and two sectors, with endogenous growth. One of the two sectors is relatively more polluting and one of the two regions is more specialised in the production of this sector. The impact of environmental policy on the sectors depends crucially on their respective growth rates, which in turn depend on their respective initial capital injections. A priori counter-intuitive results are possible. If the growth rate of the polluting intensive sector is sufficiently low and inversely for the other sector, then the relatively more polluting sector is less affected by environmental policy than the other sector. Similarly, the region most specialised in producing the polluting good is less affected by emission reduction policy than the other region, if it is characterised by sufficiently low sectoral growth rates compared to the other region. ; L'article vise à déterminer les impacts d'une politique de réduction des émissions polluantes dans le cadre d'un modèle d'une petite économie ouverte, comprenant deux régions et deux secteurs, avec croissance endogène. L'un des deux secteurs est relativement plus polluant et l'une des deux régions est plus spécialisée dans la production de ce secteur. L'impact de la politique environnementale sur les secteurs dépend crucialement de leurs taux de croissance respectifs, qui dépendent à leur tour de leurs dotations initiales de capital respectives. Des résultats a priori contre-intuitifs sont possibles. Si le taux de croissance du secteur intensif en émissions polluantes est suffisamment faible et inversément pour l'autre secteur, alors le secteur relativement plus polluant est moins affecté par la politique environnementale que l'autre secteur. De même, la région la plus spécialisée dans la production du bien polluant est moins affectée que l'autre région par la politique de réduction des émissions, si elle se caractérise par des taux ...

These Clase Notes are, for the most part, revised and updated versions of those which were published in Series No 26 (1980) and No 34 (1980, 1989). Some of these Notes are not included in this volume, while others are added on more recent developments of some topics. The use of these notes as teaching material for a long time — albeit with updates — and the suggestions of students and graduates to redraft them led us to take over the task given to us as Doctorate No 9 of the Department of Economics of the Faculty of Economics. When publishing these Notes, it is necessary to reiterate that they are a complement and not a substitute for theoretical and practical classes and textbooks. Department of Economics ; Estas Notas de Clase son, en su mayor parte, versiones revisadas y actualizadas de las que fueran oportunamente publicadas en la Serie Cuadernos Nº 26 (1980) y Nº 34 (1980, 1989). Algunas de aquellas Notas no son incluidas en este volumen, en tanto que se agregan otras sobre desarrollos más recientes de algunos temas. La utilización de estas Notas como material docente durante mucho tiempo –por cierto con actualizaciones- y las sugerencias de alumnos y graduados de reeditarlas, nos llevó a encarar la tarea que se concreta como Trabajo Docente Nº 9 del Departamento de Economía de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Al publicar estas Notas es necesario reiterar que son un complemento y no un sustituto de las clases teóricas y prácticas y de los libros de texto. Departamento de Economía

FIL: Schenone, Osvaldo H. University of San Andrés. Department of Economics; Argentina. ; Fil: Schenone, Osvaldo H. Universidad de San Andrés. Departamento de Economía; Argentina.

The aim of this article is to deepen knowledge of the social and political participation of North African youth. This phenomenon has gained renewed social and political interest following the discontent mobilisation of young people in the Maghreb at the beginning of 2011. To analyse this, we presented the results of a survey of young activists from Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia during the World Social Forum (FMS) held in Tunis in March 2013. The sample consists of more than 200 young people aged 18-35 who are members of Maghreb civil society organisations. We focus on the methodological aspects of fieldwork, the socio-demographic profile of young militants, the objectives and causes that guide the work of the organisations in which they participate, and the opinions they express to the Arab Spring. As conclusions, we highlight the contributions of our study in relation to gender dimensions and national variables. Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (CSO2011-29438-C05-04) ; Peer Reviewed ; The aim of this article is to deepen knowledge of the social and political participation of North African youth. This phenomenon has gained renewed social and political interest following the discontent mobilisation of young people in the Maghreb at the beginning of 2011. To analyse this, we presented the results of a survey of young activists from Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia during the World Social Forum (FMS) held in Tunis in March 2013. The sample consists of more than 200 young people aged 18-35 who are members of Maghreb civil society organisations. We focus on the methodological aspects of fieldwork, the socio-demographic profile of young militants, the objectives and causes that guide the work of the organisations in which they participate, and the opinions they express to the Arab Spring. As conclusions, we highlight the contributions of our study in relation to gender dimensions and national variables. Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (CSO2011-29438-C05-04) ; El objetivo de este artículo es p profundizar en ...