Suchergebnisse

summary is the animal a topic of interest to Carl Schmitt? Academic commonality presupposes that the question of the animal is unrelated both to Schmitt's intellectual interests and to its understanding of the political, theological and relationship between them. In this work, we suggest that this impression should be reviewed in the light of textual evidence revealing Schmitt's interest in the issue of the animal and the performers of his work who, albeit tangentially, take part in the discussion. ; RESUMEN ¿Es el animal es un tema de interés para Carl Schmitt? El sentido común académico presupone que la cuestión del animal es ajena tanto a los intereses intelectuales de Schmitt como a su concepción de lo político, de lo teológico y de la relación que ambos mantienen entre sí. En este trabajo sugerimos que esta impresión debe ser revisada a la luz de evidencia textual que revela el interés de Schmitt por la cuestión del animal y de intérpretes de su obra que, aunque de manera tangencial, participan de la discusión.

National hearing The article presents the main components of the civil service reform and the Staff Regulations and highlights the link with the reorganisation linked to the general review of public policies. ; National audience L'article présente les grandes composantes de la réforme de la fonction publique et du statut des fonctionnaires et met en évidence le lien avec les réorganisation liées à la révision générale des politiques publiques.

policy analysis, as a field of scientific research aimed at bringing greater rationality, effectiveness and democracy to the processes of training, decision-making and implementation of public policies, has been developed since the middle of the last century. In this period, the so called 'policy sciences' went through major developments, which now make it possible to identify at least three major perspectives for analysis: a traditional approach based on data and evidence, a second so-called cognitivist perspective that takes into account the role of ideas and, finally, a post-empiricist perspective that aims to democratise policy analysis. We propose to the reader an overview of these perspectives (Roth, 2014) and conclude by pointing out some avenues for rethinking democracy and its institutions from the analysis of public policies. ; El análisis de política, como campo de investigación científica que pretende aportar mayor racionalidad, efectividad y democracia a los procesos de formación, decisión e implementación de políticas públicas, se ha desarrollado a partir de mediados del siglo pasado. En este lapso, las llamadas "ciencias de la política" (policy sciences) pasaron por importantes desarrollos que permiten hoy señalar, por lo menos, tres grandes perspectivas de análisis: una perspectiva tradicional basada en los datos y las evidencias, una segunda perspectiva llamada cognitivista que toma en consideración el papel de las ideas y, por última, una perspectiva post-empiricista que pretende democratizar el análisis de políticas. Proponemos al lector una síntesis de estas perspectivas (Roth, 2014) y concluimos señalando algunas pistas para repensar la democracia y sus instituciones desde el análisis de políticas públicas.

In contrast to the "attack" of the German statement, the closing of the statement, i.e. the right periphery, still presents many phenomena that can be explored. Among the left-behind of the German syntax is the occupation of the post-last position (Nachfeld) by a constituent without verb. The linearisation of the wording thus arranged is of the 'marked' type. Situated at the very end of the verbal statement, the post last position − a structurally Facul' position at the level of the statement — is frequently exploited in political discourse, halfway between oral and written. For what purpose (s) does the speaker delay the emergence of information with an important communicative weight in textual dynamics? What are the challenges of the post last occupation in political discourse? At the interface between syntax and pragmatic lto sensu, this empirical analysis aims to highlight the involvement of post-final constituents in structuring, and beyond, the coherence of discourse. ; International audience ; In contrast to the "attack" of the German statement, the closing of the statement, i.e. the right periphery, still presents many phenomena that can be explored. Among the left-behind of the German syntax is the occupation of the post-last position (Nachfeld) by a constituent without verb. The linearisation of the wording thus arranged is of the 'marked' type. Situated at the very end of the verbal statement, the post last position − a structurally Facul' position at the level of the statement — is frequently exploited in political discourse, halfway between oral and written. For what purpose (s) does the speaker delay the emergence of information with an important communicative weight in textual dynamics? What are the challenges of the post last occupation in political discourse? At the interface between syntax and pragmatic lto sensu, this empirical analysis aims to highlight the involvement of post-final constituents in structuring, and beyond, the coherence of discourse. ; À l'inverse de « l'attaque » de l'énoncé ...

International audience The way seemed to be promisingly open for the decade 2000 to become a period of the rich and shared implementation of practical and key developments in terms of forest biodiversity. Some steps forward have been made, especially in terms of protected areas both in overseas and mainland France, development of certification schemes and decentralisation. However, the emergence of the climate issue and the reduction in public funds and human resource allocations, among other reasons, slowed down the expected improvements. The 1999 and 2009 storms highlighted the low resilience of the dominant silvicultural model. In the area of climate change, short-term mitigation policies tend to overshadow guidelines aimed at long term adaptation and call on a partial approach that does not take into account the forest ecosystem as a whole. In fact, France's commitments in respect of the EU and the resolutions that arose from the Grenelle consultations have strongly reintroduced the question of increasing wood harvesting into public debate, creating sharp new tensions in many forests, especially public ones. It was a difficult task to implement Natura 2000 on 10% of the forested area. This article is a review of 10 years of debate and practice relating to the introduction of biodiversity concerns into forest management in France. It describes some avenues for moving forward in the current decade. ; La voie semblait toute tracée pour que la décennie 2000 soit une période de mise en pratique partagée et fructueuse d'évolutions concrètes et majeures en matière de biodiversité forestière. Des avancées ont eu lieu, notamment en matière d'espaces protégés en métropole et outre-mer, de développement de la certification, de décentralisation. Cependant, l'émergence de la question climatique et la diminution des moyens humains et financiers publics ont, entre autres raisons, freiné les améliorations attendues. Les tempêtes de 1999 puis de 2009 ont mis en évidence la faible résilience du modèle sylvicole dominant. Les ...

This work investigates the impact of the student's work on his/her academic performance. Data from the 1994 first census of students' students are used to analyse the relationship between time spent on work and students' academic performance. The results are compatible with the conflicting arguments on this relationship. On the one hand, if a linear model is required, hours worked have a negative impact on performance. On the other hand, in a non-linear specification, hours worked are associated in a positive and decreasing way. In other words, for a moderate level of hours worked, the impact may be positive. If only students with career related jobs are considered, there is also a non-linear relationship, where the positive relationship is shown for a higher level of hours worked. By contrast, if only the group with unrelated work is analysed, the relationship is negative, whatever the level of hours worked. Research provides empirical foundations for university legislation on internships about the working conditions of the student that preserve his/her academic performance. Department of Economics ; En este trabajo se investiga la incidencia del trabajo del estudiante en su desempeño académico. Para analizar la relación entre el tiempo dedicado al trabajo y el desempeño académico de los alumnos se utilizan datos del Primer Censo de estudiantes de universidades nacionales de 1994. Los resultados compatibilizan con los argumentos contrapuestos sobre esta relación. Por un lado, si se postula un modelo lineal, se encuentra que las horas trabajadas inciden negativamente sobre el rendimiento. Por otro lado, en una especificación no lineal, las horas trabajadas se asocian en forma positiva y decreciente. En otros términos, para un nivel moderado de horas trabajadas, la incidencia puede ser positiva. Si se consideran sólo los alumnos con trabajos vinculados a la carrera, también se encuentra una relación no lineal, donde la relación positiva se evidencia para un mayor nivel de horas trabajadas. En contraste, si se ...

The article demonstrates how Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) geographic headings for the Southern Levant mirror the political investment of Congress and the American public in Middle East politics over the last thirty years. The headings' evolution as well as Library of Congress rules governing their creation is charted in detail. These LCSH headings contrast markedly with those established in other national libraries (BnF, DNB) and independent value vocabularies (TGN, GeoNames), and global opinion regarding the legal status of the occupied territories. I sketch the historical context of their formation and offer suggestions as to how libraries can "decolonize" their metadata in service of Sanford Berman's "access and equity."

he aim of this research is to examine the impact of three audit committee characteristics on corporate social and environmental responsibility (CSR) disclosure: the existence of an audit committee, audit committee independence, and audit committee financial expertise. Moreover, this research analyzes the moderating effect of board gender diversity between these audit committees' attributes and CSR reporting. The results of analyzing 13,178 firm-year observations of non-financial companies show that the presence of an audit committee and audit committee financial expertise are positively associated with CSR disclosure. However, a higher proportion of non-executive directors in audit committees has a negative effect on the disclosure of CSR information. These findings suggest that some audit committees' features play an important role in ensuring the reporting of environmental, social, and economic information. Our evidence also indicates that the presence of female directors on boards increases the positive impact of financial expert membership of audit committees on CSR disclosure, while women directors moderate any negative effect of the percentage of independent directors on audit committees on CSR reporting by increasing the latter. In addition, female directors moderate the positive impact of the existence of an audit committee on the disclosure of CSR information by reducing the latter.

A contract providing for an exchange of services falls within the concept of public procurement even where the remuneration provided for is limited to the partial reimbursement of the costs incurred in providing the agreed service. A two-stage evaluation of the tenders only during the award phase of the contract is admissible under an open procedure. If the evidence provided by the economic operator is considered sufficient in terms of corrective measures, the economic operator shall not be excluded from the procurement procedure. ; Un contrat prévoyant un échange de prestations relève de la notion de marché public même lorsque la rémunération prévue est limitée au remboursement partiel des frais encourus pour fournir le service convenu. Une évaluation en deux temps des offres au cours de la seule phase d'attribution du marché est admissible dans le cadre d'une procédure ouverte . Si en matière de mesures correctrices, les preuves fournies par l'opérateur économique sont jugées suffisantes, celui-ci n'est pas exclu de la procédure de passation de marché.

Summary This work presents barriers perceived by manufacturing companies in Argentina and Ecuador that innovated in the product and process in their business activities. The World Bank Enterprise Surveys database of 2017 was used through a chi2 Pearson analysis and a probit model applied to a sample of 103 Ecuadorian companies and 644 Argentinian companies. Political instability, financing, labour regulations and inadequate labour force are limitations for Argentinian companies. The limiting factors associated with innovation in the process are corruption in Ecuadorian companies; in Argentina's case are crime, theft and disorder and labour regulations. Jel classification: 031; 032. ; Resumen Este trabajo presenta los obstáculos que perciben las empresas manufactureras de Argentina y Ecuador que innovaron en el producto y en el proceso en sus actividades empresariales. Se utilizó la base de datos de la Enterprise Surveys del Banco Mundial del 2017 a través de un análisis chi2 de Pearson y un modelo probit aplicados a una muestra de 103 empresas ecuatorianas y 644 empresas argentinas. La inestabilidad política, el financiamiento, las regulaciones laborales y la fuerza laboral inadecuada son limitaciones para las empresas argentinas. Los factores limitantes asociados a la innovación en el proceso son, en las empresas ecuatorianas, la corrupción; en el caso argentino son el crimen, el robo y el desorden y las regulaciones laborales. Clasificación JEL: 031; 032.

In the four months analysed, the postponement and non-resolution of conflicts by state institutions, in response to citizens' demands on social policy, particularly in the labour, education and social sector, is remarkable. Despite the particular situation of this four-month period, the health emergency caused by the COVID-19 pandemic shows the weak institutional and governance capacity, combined with the serious economic crisis that the country is experiencing. ; En el cuatrimestre analizado, el aplazamiento y no resolución de los conflictos, por parte de las instituciones estatales, frente a las demandas ciudadanas en materia de política social, en especial lo relacionado con el sector laboral, educación y gremial, resulta notable. A pesar de lo particular de este cuatrimestre, por la emergencia sanitaria a causa de la pandemia del COVID-19, se evidencia la débil capacidad institucional y de gobernabilidad, sumada a la grave crisis económica que vive el país.

139 146 198 ; S ; [EN] Humic-like substances (HLS) extracted from urban wastes have been tested as auxiliaries for the photo Fenton removal of thiabendazole (TBZ) under simulated sunlight. Experimental design methodology based on Doehlert matrices was employed to check the effects of hydrogen peroxide concentration, HLS amount as well as TBZ loading; this last parameter was studied in the range 25-100 mg/L, to include values below and above the limit of solubility at pH = 5. Very satisfactory results were reached when TBZ was above solubility if HLS and H2O2 amounts were high. This could be attributed to an interaction of HLS-TBZ that enhances the solubility of the pollutant. Additional evidence supporting the latter interaction was obtained by fluorescence measurements (excitation emission matrices) and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Authors want to acknowledge the financial support of Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (CTQ2015-69832-C04) and European Union (645551-RISE-2014, MAT4TREAT). The present work was partially supported by UNLP (11/X679), ANPCyT (PICT-2015-0374A) and CONICET (PIP: 12-2013-01-00236CO). B. Caram thank the CONICET for his research graduate grant. F. S. Garcia Einschlag is a research member of CONICET. Caram, B.; García-Ballesteros, S.; Santos-Juanes Jordá, L.; Arqués Sanz, A.; Garcia-Einschlag, FS. (2018). Humic like substances for the treatment of scarcely soluble pollutants by mild photo-Fenton process. Chemosphere. 198:139-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.074

the Skripal case embodies all the seasonings of a diplomatic and consular war unprecedented since the Cold War. The West friends (US, NATO and EU) harsh against Russia for the poisoning of the former Russian dual agent (Russian military intelligence officer and ex-spyy from British secret service MI6) Serguei Skripal and his daughter Yulia, which took place on 4 March near a shopping centre in Salisbury south of British territory. In a hasty and clearly defamatory decision, the United Kingdom declared Russia responsible and culpable for the poisoning of Skripal and his daughter without conclusive evidence of direct participation in the case. British Prime Minister Theresa May based her allegations on the use of nervous agent Novichok, a military-grade neurotoxic developed by the USSR in the 70s. Department of International Security and Defence. Institute for International Relations ; El caso Skripal encarna todos los condimentos de una guerra diplomática y consular sin precedentes desde la guerra fría. Los amigos de Occidente (EEUU, OTAN y UE) arremetieron duramente contra Rusia por el envenenamiento del ex doble agente ruso (oficial de inteligencia militar rusa y ex espía del servicio secreto británico MI6) Serguei Skripal y su hija Yulia, ocurrido el pasado 4 de marzo cerca de un centro comercial en la localidad de Salisbury, al sur del territorio británico. En una decisión apresurada y claramente difamatoria, el Reino Unido declaró responsable y culpable a Rusia por el envenenamiento de Skripal y su hija sin pruebas fehacientes que acrediten la participación directa en el caso. La primera ministra británica, Theresa May, sustentó sus acusaciones en base a la utilización del agente nervioso Novichok, un neurotóxico de grado militar desarrollado por la URSS en la década del '70. Departamento de Seguridad Internacional y Defensa. Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales

Menéndez Blanco, Andrés; González Álvarez, David; Álvarez Martínez, Valentín, Jiménez Chaparro, Jesús Ignacio (2011): New evidence of Roman military presence at the western end of the Cantabrian Mountains. Gallaecia, 30: 145-165. This work presents two new archaeological sites from the western end of the Cantabrian Cordillera, in the confluence of the provincial boundaries of Asturias, Leon and Galicia. Their characteristics allow us to recognise them as aestive crust or temporary camps built by the troops in the course of their campaign movements. Their location leads us to believe that these sites could be archaeological evidence of Bellum Asturicum in a territory considered until now to be the periphery of the conflict by the majority of authors. ; Peer reviewed ; Menéndez Blanco, Andrés; González Álvarez, David; Álvarez Martínez, Valentín, Jiménez Chaparro, Jesús Ignacio (2011): New evidence of Roman military presence at the western end of the Cantabrian Mountains. Gallaecia, 30: 145-165. This work presents two new archaeological sites from the western end of the Cantabrian Cordillera, in the confluence of the provincial boundaries of Asturias, Leon and Galicia. Their characteristics allow us to recognise them as aestive crust or temporary camps built by the troops in the course of their campaign movements. Their location leads us to believe that these sites could be archaeological evidence of Bellum Asturicum in a territory considered until now to be the periphery of the conflict by the majority of authors. ; Menéndez Blanco, Andrés; González Álvarez, David; Álvarez Martínez, Valentín & Jiménez Chaparro, Jesús Ignacio (2011): Nuevas evidencias de la presencia militar romana en el extremo occidental de la Cordillera Cantábrica. Gallaecia, 30: 145-165. En este trabajo se presentan dos nuevos yacimientos arqueológicos del extremo occidental de la Cordillera Cantábrica, en la cofluencia de los límites provinciales de Asturias, León y Galicia. Sus características nos permiten reconocerlos como castra aestiva ...

International audience In the wake of the discovery of climate change some twenty years ago, many studies on the response of trees to climate and its variations using a dendroecological approach (i.e., using ring width as an estimator for overall tree growth) were conducted to quantify the impact of those changes on the growth and vitality of forests. The more and more frequent use of ever-larger data sets led to longer statistical processing times for the data. This article presents two applications — POINTER and DENDRO — developed under the free R software that automate computing procedures for dendroecological analyses, offer simple interfaces for entering calculation parameters that are user-friendly and in French, and provide files and graphs by way of output with results that can be readily interpreted. By saving computing time and pre-analysing the output data, these are valuable tools are for French-speaking scientists, Masters' students and engineers. ; Suite à la mise en évidence des changements climatiques il y a une vingtaine d'années, les études sur la réponse des arbres au climat et à ses variations par approche dendroécologique (c'est-à-dire en utilisant la largeur de cerne comme estimateur de la croissance totale de l'arbre) se sont multipliées, afin de pouvoir quantifier l'impact de ces changements sur la croissance et la vitalité des forêts. L'utilisation de plus en plus fréquente de jeux de données de plus en plus conséquents a conduit à l'augmentation du temps de traitements statistiques des données. Cet article présente deux applications POINTER et DENDRO, développées sous le logiciel libre R, qui permettent une automatisation des procédures de calculs des analyses dendroécologiques, proposent des interfaces de saisie des paramètres de calcul simples, conviviales et en français, et fournissent des fichiers et graphiques de sortie mis en forme pour une interprétation rapide des résultats. Ces applications constituent un outil d'intérêt pour les scientifiques, les étudiants de master et les ...