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6 12 ; S ; This work theoretically analyzes the sound absorption properties of a chirped multi-layer porous material including transmission, in particular showing the broadband unidirectional absorption properties of the system. Using the combination of the impedance matching condition and the balance between the leakage and the intrinsic losses, the system is designed to have broadband unidirectional and quasi perfect absorption. The transfer and scattering matrix formalism, together with numerical simulations based on the finite element method are used to demonstrate the results showing excellent agreement between them. The proposed system allows to construct broadband sound absorbers with improved absorption in the low frequency regime using less amount of material than the complete bulk porous layer. (C) 2016 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This work has been funded by the Metaudible project ANR-13-BS09-0003, co-funded by ANR and FRAE, and also by Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spain) and European Union FEDER through project FIS2015-65998-C2-2-P. We acknowledge project AICO/2016/060 by Consellera de Educacion, Investigacion, Cultura y Deporte de la Generalitat Valenciana. Jimenez, N.; Romero García, V.; Cebrecos, A.; Picó Vila, R.; Sánchez Morcillo, VJ.; García-Raffi, LM. (2016). Broadband quasi perfect absorption using chirped multi-layer porous materials. AIP Advances. 6(12). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4971274 Ma, G., Yang, M., Xiao, S., Yang, Z., & Sheng, P. (2014). Acoustic metasurface with hybrid resonances. Nature Materials, 13(9), 873-878. doi:10.1038/nmat3994 Ma, G., & Sheng, P. (2016). Acoustic metamaterials: From local resonances to broad horizons. Science Advances, 2(2), e1501595. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501595 Merkel, A., Theocharis, G., Richoux, O., Romero-García, V., & Pagneux, V. (2015). Control of acoustic absorption in one-dimensional ...

The article demonstrates how Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) geographic headings for the Southern Levant mirror the political investment of Congress and the American public in Middle East politics over the last thirty years. The headings' evolution as well as Library of Congress rules governing their creation is charted in detail. These LCSH headings contrast markedly with those established in other national libraries (BnF, DNB) and independent value vocabularies (TGN, GeoNames), and global opinion regarding the legal status of the occupied territories. I sketch the historical context of their formation and offer suggestions as to how libraries can "decolonize" their metadata in service of Sanford Berman's "access and equity."

215 218 26 2 ; S ; We study mixing properties (topological mixing and weak mixing of arbitrary order) for nonautonomous linear dynamical systems that are induced by the corresponding dynamics on certain invariant sets. The kinds of nonautonomous systems considered here can be defined using a sequence of linear operators on a topological vector space X such that there is an invariant set Y for which the dynamics restricted to Y satisfies a certain mixing property. We then obtain the corresponding mixing property on the closed linear span of Y. We also prove that the class of nonautonomous linear dynamical systems that are weakly mixing of order nn contains strictly the corresponding class with the weak mixing property of order n+1. This work was supported in part by MEC and FEDER, Project MTM2010-14909, and by GV, Project PROMETEO/2008/101. The first author was also supported by a grant from the FPU Program of MEC. We thank the referees whose reports led to an improvement in the presentation of this work. Murillo Arcila, M.; Peris Manguillot, A. (2013). Mixing properties for nonautonomous linear dynamics and invariant sets. Applied Mathematics Letters. 26(2):215-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aml.2012.08.014

[ES] Before departure to America, Alejandro de Humboldt was documented on the American natural history and the Spanish scientific issues. In this article, we have announced two important letters from Mariano Lvalorización, who, since his exile London, wrote to Humboldt about José Celestino Mutis's scientific legacy and his arrival in Spain following the military intervention of General Morillo in New Granada. ; Peer reviewed ; [ES] Before departure to America, Alejandro de Humboldt was documented on the American natural history and the Spanish scientific issues. In this article, we have announced two important letters from Mariano Lvalorización, who, since his exile London, wrote to Humboldt about José Celestino Mutis's scientific legacy and his arrival in Spain following the military intervention of General Morillo in New Granada. ; [EN] Before departing for America, Alexander von Humboldt documented American natural history and the Spanish scientific expeditions. This article reveals two important letters of Mariano Lagasca who, from exile in London, wrote to Humboldt about the scientific legacy of José Celestino Mutis, and his arrival in Spain following the military intervention of general Morillo in Nueva Granada. ; [ES] Before departure to America, Alejandro de Humboldt was documented on the American natural history and the Spanish scientific issues. In this article, we have announced two important letters from Mariano Lvalorización, who, since his exile London, wrote to Humboldt about José Celestino Mutis's scientific legacy and his arrival in Spain following the military intervention of General Morillo in New Granada. ; [ES] Antes de la partida hacia América, Alejandro de Humboldt se documentó sobre la historia natural americana y las expediciones científicas españolas. En el presente artículo, damos a conocer dos importantes cartas de Mariano Lagasca, que desde su exilio londinense, escribió a Humboldt en torno al legado científico de José Celestino Mutis y su llegada a España tras la intervención ...

The following story is rooted in the most recent contemporary history, the one that saw between 1980 and 2000 experiences of cultural development aimed at revitalising rural areas close to major cities. In the mid-1990s, the Centre Rural d'Animation Culturelle de l'Entre-Deux-Mers was a particularly active association in the eastern part of the department of Gironde, with 70 employees working in the cultural, economic and social fields. Its dislocation in 2001 (about ten associations resumed and sometimes developed its activity) brought the CRAC into history, making it possible to treat it today as a finished object from a multidisciplinary perspective. The archives of the CRAC (minutes of boards of directors and general meetings, press files, letters, grant applications) on which this article is based are more numerous and accessible, as are the main players, most of whom reside in the Entre-Deux-Mers. ; L'histoire qui suit s'enracine dans l'histoire contemporaine la plus récente, celle qui a vu entre 1980 et 2000 émerger des expériences de développement culturel visant à revitaliser les zones rurales proches des grandes villes. Le Centre Rural d'Animation Culturelle de l'Entre-deux-Mers était au milieu des années 1990 une association particulièrement active dans la partie Est du département de la Gironde avec 70 salariés travaillant dans le domaine culturel, économique et social. Sa dislocation en 2001 (une dizaine d'association ont repris et parfois développé son activité) a fait entrer le CRAC dans l'histoire, ce qui permet de le traiter aujourd'hui comme un objet fini dans une perspective pluridisciplinaire. Les archives du CRAC (comptes rendus de conseils d'administration et d'assemblées générale, dossiers de presse, courriers, demandes de subvention) sur lesquelles s'appuient cet article sont de plus nombreuses et accessibles, comme le sont les principaux acteurs qui résident pour la plupart dans l'Entre-deux-Mers.

RESUMEN. This work analyses the action for damages which the Rei-vIndicator may seek against the defendant who, in bad faith, is given by possessor of the item without being so, and which the Chilean Civil Code deals with in Article 897. It is of interest because it appears to be a case of purely mandatory protection in favour of the owner, since it has emerged from the assimilation to the action for recovery that occurred in the post-classic Roman right, and it is linked to the duty of the holder alone to indicate the holder's name and residence in order for the trial to continue against him. That configuration requires, in particular, consideration of the legislative history of the rule in the Chilean Civil Code, as well as its correspondence with other codes which have retained it, and then disregarding its factual situation and legal consequences, with particular regard to the problems which its exercise may entail as regards compatibility with other actions, limitation periods and damage for reparation. ; RESUMEN. Este trabajo analiza la acción de indemnización de perjuicios que el rei-vindicador puede intentar contra el demandado que, de mala fe, se da por poseedor de la cosa sin serlo, y que el código civil chileno trata en el artículo 897. Ella reviste interés porque viene recogida como un supuesto de protección meramente obligacional a favor del dueño, habiéndose desprendido de la asimilación a la acción reivindicatoria que se había producido en el derecho romano posclásico, y queda conectada con el deber que tiene el mero tenedor de indicar el nombre y la residencia del poseedor para que el juicio continúe contra él. Esta configuración exige considerar en particular la historia legislativa de la regla en el código civil chileno, así como su correspondencia con otros códigos que la han conservado, para después diseccionar su supuesto de hecho y consecuencias jurídicas, con especial atención a los problemas que su ejercicio puede entrañar en lo que atañe a la compatibilidad con otras acciones, la ...

Summary The main objective of this article is to analyse the relations between the political directorates of the PVP and the FSLN in the 1960s, based on the correspondence between Manuel Mora Valverde and Carlos Fonseca Amador, in order to identify contradictions, discrepancies and overlaps between the leaders of both organisations: the first communist cut and the second a nationalist guerrilla born under the imprint of the Cuban model. In this regard, the question arises as to how the relations between the Partido Vanguardia Popular (Partido Vanguardia Popular, PVP) and the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) were during the 1960s, the two organisations being of a different nature and maintaining different political lines on the strategy to be pursued in the anti-somocist struggle. As a central hypothesis, it is argued that the establishment of relations between the two organisations was a complex process, marked by disconfidence and mutual differences, drawn from the very foundation of the FSLN towards the end of the 1960s, as both were the expression of two distinct revolutionary currents, which differed across the continent depending on the ways and strategies to combat the dictatorial regimes that dominated the region. ; Resumen El objetivo principal de este artículo es analizar las relaciones entre las direcciones políticas del PVP y del FSLN en la década de 1960, a partir de la correspondencia sostenida entre Manuel Mora Valverde y Carlos Fonseca Amador, para poder identificar las contradicciones, discrepancias y coincidencias entre los dirigentes de ambas organizaciones: la primera de corte comunista y, la segunda, una guerrilla nacionalista nacida bajo la impronta del modelo cubano. En este sentido, se parte de la interrogante de cómo fueron las relaciones entre el Partido Vanguardia Popular (PVP) y el Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (FSLN) durante la década de 1960, siendo ambas organizaciones de naturaleza distinta y mantenido líneas políticas diferentes sobre la estrategia a seguir ...

This paper aims to address the origins of the National Sociology Chairs of the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters (FFyL) of the University of Buenos Aires (UBA). For this we must identify the political, intellectual and institutional elements acting in the juncture of 1966 that created favorable conditions for the development of this experience. At first glance, this leads us to the intervention decreed by the authoritarian government of J.C. Onganía and the entrance of a new group of professors of diverse orientation to the existing one in Sociology; but it also leads us to consider the state of the theoretical debates and the political conflicts in force in the career of Sociology. ; Este trabajo se propone abordar los orígenes de las Cátedras Nacionales de Sociología de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras (FFyL) de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA). Para ello deberemos identificar los aspectos políticos, intelectuales e institucionales actuantes en la coyuntura de 1966 que crearon condiciones favorables para el desarrollo de esta experiencia. En una primera mirada, ello nos conduce hacia la intervención decretada por el gobierno autoritario de J.C. Onganía y el ingreso de un nuevo grupo de profesores de orientación disímil a la existente en Sociología; pero también nos lleva a considerar el estado de los debates teóricos y los conflictos políticos vigentes en la carrera de Sociología. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación

In her 'Franzensbad Letters' (1858), Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach mobilises various genres and literary writing methods she parody, while acutely pointing out the political and social situation in Austria in the second half of the 19th century. A tight reading of the author's youth text therefore calls for the 'conciliatory' image ('Dichterin der Güte') traditionally associated with the name of Ebner-Eschenbach to be revised at least as regards the early work. ; International audience ; In her 'Franzensbad Letters' (1858), Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach mobilises various genres and literary writing methods she parody, while acutely pointing out the political and social situation in Austria in the second half of the 19th century. A tight reading of the author's youth text therefore calls for the 'conciliatory' image ('Dichterin der Güte') traditionally associated with the name of Ebner-Eschenbach to be revised at least as regards the early work. ; Dans ses "Lettres de Franzensbad" (1858), Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach mobilise divers genres et modes d'écriture littéraires qu'elle parodie, tout en épinglant avec acuité la situation politique et sociale dans l'Autriche de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle. Une lecture serrée de ce texte de jeunesse de l'autrice invite donc à réviser, au moins en ce qui concerne l'oeuvre précoce, l'image "conciliante" ("Dichterin der Güte") traditionnellement associée au nom d'Ebner-Eschenbach.

Slavoj Žižek and Julia Kristeva have followed strikingly similar paths in their intellectual and political development, moving from Marxism through psychoanalysis to Christianity. This article traces the way they have distanced them- selves from Marxism and taken up psychoanalysis, of either the Freudian or Lacani- an variety. For Kristeva, psychoanalysis provides the therapeutic solution to indivi- dual and at times social problems, whereas for i ek it is the best description of those problems without necessarily providing answers. However, through psychoanalysis, they have gone a step further and become enamoured with Christianity, especially Paul's letters in the New Testament and the doctrine of love. Paul provides for Kriste- va another and earlier version of psychoanalytic solutions, but he enables Žižek to find the social and political answers for which he seeks. By connecting these intellec- tual moves with their own departures from Eastern Europe, one from Yugoslavia (and then Slovenia) and the other from Bulgaria, I argue that their search for redemption, of both personal and social forms, betrays a residual socialism. In fact, their moves into psychoanalysis and Christianity may be read as compensations for a lost socia- lism, so much so that Žižek at least makes a belated recovery of Marx through Chris- tianity and Kristeva can never quite excise Marx from her thought

In the same way as Voltaire as regards justice and letters, and that Turgot in economic and political matters, of Alembert is traditionally considered to be Condorce's mentor in science and mathematics. However, should the influence of the Encyclopedia co-publisher on Condorcet's economic ideas be considered marginal? Just not: on the basis of a 'mixed' view of the mathematics which it shares with Alembert and a question as to the latter's probabilistic doubts, Condorcet is led to develop a theory of uncertain universe choice which goes beyond the classic field of games of chance or insurance and extends to that of the economic undertaking as such, be it culture, commerce or industry. In doing so, it subjects the risk factor to unprecedented probabilistic formalisation when considering the profit received by the entrepreneur. ; International audience In the same way than Voltaire as far as justice and litterature are concerned, and than Turgot in matter of economics and politics, d'Alembert has been traditionally considered as the mentor of Condorcet in sciences and mathematics. For all that, is the influence of the joint publisher of the Encyclopédie upon Condorcet's ideas in economics to be judged as a marginal one ? Precisely not : departing from a mixed conception of mathematics which he shares with d'Alembert, and from a questionning upon probabilistic doubts of the latter, Condorcet has been induced to develop a choice theory under uncertainty which overtakes the classical field of chance games or of insurances, to extend to the domain of economical enterprise as such, whatsoever consisting in culture, commerce or industry. In doing this, he submits the factor of risk to an unprecedented probabilistic formalisation as he envisages the profit collected by the undertaker. ; In the same way as Voltaire as regards justice and letters, and that Turgot in economic and political matters, of Alembert is traditionally considered to be Condorce's mentor in science and mathematics. However, should the influence of ...

Abstract This paper analyzes the diversification and initiatives of economic and productive promotion in the 18th century developed by traders in three areas of South America, which are the Kingdom of Chile, the Governorate of Tucuman and the Tarija district. Through case studies, the researchers identify, describe and provide details of the diverse economic activities: commercial, agricultural, mining and proto-industrial, promoted by economic mercantile agents at the end of the colonial period, based on commercial correspondence private, inventories of goods, testimonies, civil and criminal trials. The results show that, despite the importance placed on the development of initiatives to promote production by certain political-bureaucratic sectors, the scope was relative, among other things due to the dynamics of the markets, the financing system and rational calculation of the profit.

S ; [EN] Most cardiac arrhythmias can be classified as atrial flutter, focal atrial tachycardia, or atrial fibrillation. They have been usually treated using drugs, but catheter ablation has proven more effective. This is an invasive method devised to destroy the heart tissue that disturbs correct heart rhythm. In order to accurately localise the focus of this disturbance, the acquisition and processing of atrial electrograms form the usual mapping technique. They can be single potentials, double potentials, or complex fractionated atrial electrogram (CFAE) potentials, and last ones are the most effective targets for ablation. The electrophysiological substrate is then localised by a suitable signal processing method. Sample Entropy is a statistic scarcely applied to electrograms but can arguably become a powerful tool to analyse these time series, supported by its results in other similar biomedical applications. However, the lack of an analysis of its dependence on the perturbations usually found in electrogram data, such as missing samples or spikes, is even more marked. This paper applied SampEn to the segmentation between non-CFAE and CFAE records and assessed its class segmentation power loss at different levels of these perturbations. The results confirmed that SampEn was able to significantly distinguish between non-CFAE and CFAE records, even under very unfavourable conditions, such as 50% of missing data or 10% of spikes. This research was supported by Research Center for Informatics (no. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16-019/0000765). Cirugeda Roldan, EM.; Molina Picó, A.; Novák, D.; Cuesta Frau, D.; Kremen, V. (2018). Sample Entropy Analysis of Noisy Atrial Electrograms during Atrial Fibrillation. Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1874651 Ahmed, S., Claughton, A., & Gould, P. A. (2015). Atrial Flutter — Diagnosis, Management and Treatment. Abnormal Heart Rhythms. doi:10.5772/60700 Kirchhof, P., & Calkins, H. (2016). Catheter ablation in patients with ...

Summary The aim of this article is to clarify the debate that some Colombian intellectuals and academics from the 1970s of the 20th century gave rise to, in relation to the place of black in the historical discourse. On the understanding that the combination of history/denial was inseparable in the discussion, the emerging multi-significance of the different sectors of the field will be analysed. This will be done by exploring the Negridad magazine and other letters from the Egyptian sociologist Amir Smith Córdoba and his dialogue with the intellectual field of the time, particularly with regard to the conceptions of deniality and the New Colombian History. It will be evident that Smith Córdoba's view of history is approaching that of its instrumentalisation in order to achieve racial consciousness that, as a final political action, encourages self-recognition of black. To this end, rather than taking slavery as a axis and starting point, the emphasis will be on the autonomy of black through history. ; Resumen El objetivo de este artículo es dilucidar el debate que impulsaron algunos intelectuales y académicos colombianos de la década de los setenta del siglo XX, en relación con el lugar del negro en el discurso histórico. Entendiendo que el binomio historia/negritud eran inseparables en la discusión, se analizará la plurisignificación emergente de los diferentes sectores del campo. Para ello se explorará la revista Negritud y otros escritos del sociólogo chocoano Amir Smith Córdoba y su diálogo con el campo intelectual de la época, particularmente en cuanto a las concepciones de la negritud y la Nueva Historia colombiana. Se evidenciará que la mirada de Smith Córdoba con respecto a la historia se acerca a la de una instrumentalización de la misma para el logro de una conciencia racial que, como acción política final, impulse el autorreconocimiento del negro. Para ello, más que tomar a la esclavitud como eje y punto de partida, el énfasis se fundamentará en la autonomía del negro a través de la historia.

International audience Changes in the work of professional and managerial staff (PMS, cadres) in France were studied in a research project based on 100 interviews, conducted in seven private and public companies. Through a discourse and correspondence analysis—of a corpus amounting to some 600,000 words—, this study concludes that this particular French employment group can be seen neither as a homogeneous entity, nor as a totally fragmented socio-professional category. Rather, reflecting on working life experiences, it describes three groups that correspond to a horizontal division of professional and managerial staff: the serene, the individualized and the resistant."Serene" PMS perceive their professional lives as being free of major problems. Their career trajectories go up, leading to senior positions in the organization. Training opportunities are used and personal assessment by supervisors is seen as a favourable orientation. This world is stabilized by law or by collectively negotiated agreements and characterized by autonomy and concern for the common good, which are the basis of their beliefs."Individualized" PMS consider themselves to be responsible for their own success and to be the architects of their careers. They put in countless hours of service, arriving early in the morning and going home late in the evening. They prioritize work over family and aim to be active in highly competitive markets. The individualized have everything they need to be "happy," except that work leaves them very little time for their private lives. In addition, these employees fear threats to job security and to their careers."Resistant" PMS's working time is measured in hours and minutes. Unpaid overtime is refused. This strict regulation of working time is nevertheless accompanied by a considerable workload. Deadlines are difficult to respect. Manifestations of stress and responsibilities in personnel management lead the resisting employee to a negative view of work. The importance of sociability in and outside of work ...