Ansola, T. (2000). The risk of independence. Interview with John Sayles. Separate band. (18): 18-21. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/42435. ; 18 21 ; Ansola, T. (2000). The risk of independence. Interview with John Sayles. Separate band. (18): 18-21. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/42435. ; Importación Masiva ; Ansola, T. (2000). The risk of independence. Interview with John Sayles. Separate band. (18): 18-21. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/42435. ; Ansola, T. (2000). El riesgo de la independencia. Entrevista a John Sayles. Banda aparte. (18):18-21. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/42435.
Increasing sample size is not the only strategy to improve discovery in Genome Wide Association Studies (GWASs) and we propose here an approach that leverages published studies of related traits to improve inference. Our Bayesian GWAS method derives informative prior effects by leveraging GWASs of related risk factors and their causal effect estimates on the focal trait using multivariable Mendelian randomization. These prior effects are combined with the observed effects to yield Bayes Factors, posterior and direct effects. The approach not only increases power, but also has the potential to dissect direct and indirect biological mechanisms. bGWAS package is freely available under a GPL-2 License, and can be accessed, alongside with user guides and tutorials, from https://github.com/n-mounier/bGWAS. Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Summary: This article analyses the relationship between dividend payments, corporate risk, indebtedness and ownership of directors. The results show, first, that dividend payments reduce risk and indebtedness and increase the ownership of directors. Second, it appears that this risk has a negative impact on debt and dividend payments and positive on directors' ownership. Thirdly, it is found that the more indebted companies distribute a lower amount of dividends, have a lower risk and have more ownership by directors. Finally, it is noted that such ownership increases the company's risk, indebtedness and dividend payment. ; Resumen: Este artículo analiza la relación entre el pago de dividendos, el riesgo empresarial, el endeudamiento y la propiedad de los consejeros. Los resultados muestran, en primer lugar, que el pago de dividendos reduce el riesgo y el endeudamiento y aumenta la propiedad de los consejeros. En segundo lugar, se obtiene que dicho riesgo repercute de manera negativa en el endeudamiento y en el pago de dividendos y positiva en la propiedad de los consejeros. En tercer lugar, se halla que las empresas más endeudadas reparten una cuantía inferior de dividendos, tienen un riesgo menor y presentan mayor propiedad por parte de los consejeros. Por último, se observa que la citada propiedad incrementa el riesgo, el endeudamiento y el pago de dividendos de la sociedad.
The article demonstrates how Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) geographic headings for the Southern Levant mirror the political investment of Congress and the American public in Middle East politics over the last thirty years. The headings' evolution as well as Library of Congress rules governing their creation is charted in detail. These LCSH headings contrast markedly with those established in other national libraries (BnF, DNB) and independent value vocabularies (TGN, GeoNames), and global opinion regarding the legal status of the occupied territories. I sketch the historical context of their formation and offer suggestions as to how libraries can "decolonize" their metadata in service of Sanford Berman's "access and equity."
The decree enacted in 1982 prohibiting the use of tributyltin (TBT) in anti-fouling paints for vessels less than 25 metres in length and submerged structures has not completely removed from the marine environment this biocidal product which is a high risk to biotope. It is permanently fixed to tanks and sediments and is likely to be released into water during civil engineering works, such as dredging. The results of an analytical study carried out during the dredging of the port of Audenge show that the technique used, based on oxidation and exposure to light of the sludge by means of a series of settling ponds, allows effective decontamination of the discharges. ; International audience The legislation introduced in 1982, prohibiting the use of tributyltin (TBT)-containing paints on vessels under 25 meters lengths, did not totally eliminate this biocide, toxic to aquatic life, in marine environment. TBT, preferably absorbed on finest particles in mud and sediments, is a potential source of contamination during civil engineering works such as dredgings. The results of an analytical study, realised during the dredging of the port of Audenge, has pointed out that the sludge treatment process, including both air oxidation and light exposure, minimizes organotin contents of the water effluent. ; The decree enacted in 1982 prohibiting the use of tributyltin (TBT) in anti-fouling paints for vessels less than 25 metres in length and submerged structures has not completely removed from the marine environment this biocidal product which is a high risk to biotope. It is permanently fixed to tanks and sediments and is likely to be released into water during civil engineering works, such as dredging. The results of an analytical study carried out during the dredging of the port of Audenge show that the technique used, based on oxidation and exposure to light of the sludge by means of a series of settling ponds, allows effective decontamination of the discharges. ; L'arrêté promulgué en 1982 interdisant l'utilisation du ...
23 47 6 11 ; SWORD ; [EN] In this paper we present a model in which we show that if the withdrawal activities referring to a renewable resource are abusive, they generate a social reaction of some kind that changes the social preferences. This change is taken into account by the social planner in deciding the optimal allocation between consumption and stock of the resource. Given these new conditions we ask how the stock of the resource in the steady state changes and what can be deduced about the chance of overuse of the resource. At the same time we compare these results to the ones obtained with traditional models which did not take social reactions into account. The conclusions obtained show that with these new conditions the stock of the steady state increases and the economy behavior becomes more conservative, diminishing the chance of overuse of the resource. Almudi, I.; Sánchez Chóliz, J. (2006). Social influence and sustainability in the use of renewable resources. Economía Agraria y Recursos Naturales - Agricultural and Resource Economics. 6(11):23-47. doi:10.7201/earn.2006.11.02 ; [ES] En este trabajo presentamos un modelo en el que las actividades extractivas referidas a un recurso natural renovable, si son abusivas, generan algún tipo de reacción social que modifica las preferencias sociales. Esta modificación es tenida en cuenta por el planificador a la hora de decidir cual es la asignación intertemporal óptima entre consumo y stock del recurso. Bajo estas nuevas condiciones, nos preguntamos cómo cambia el stock del recurso natural en el estado estacionario y qué puede decirse acerca de la posibilidad de sobreexplotación en comparación con los modelos tradicionales en los que no se considera reacción social. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que bajo estas nuevas condiciones el stock del estado estacionario aumenta y el comportamiento de la economía se vuelve más conservacionista, disminuyendo el riesgo de sobreexplotación del recurso.
During his election campaign, the new Andean President Iván Duque promised to amend the historic peace agreement with the now demobilised Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). It is worth recalling that his party, the Democratic Centre, led a anti-campaign rail (represented by the 'No' option) prior to the plebiscite, carried out in October 2016, seeking to endorse it, in which Colombian society rejected it with a narrow percentage margin. And although after this I was rescaled and approved by Congress, with the arrival from Duque to Casa Nariño, the central axes of the peace agreement could be at risk. Department of International Security and Defence Institute for International Relations ; Durante su campaña electoral, el nuevo presidente del país andino, Iván Duque prometió modificar el histórico acuerdo de paz con las ahora desmovilizadas Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC). Vale recordar que su partido, Centro Democrático, encabezó una férrea contra campaña (representada por la opción "No") previo al plebiscito, realizado en Octubre de 2016,que buscaba refrendarlo, en el cual la sociedad colombiana lo rechazó por un estrecho margen porcentual. Y si bien luego de este traspié fue reajustado y aprobado por el Congreso, con el arribo de Duque a Casa Nariño, los ejes centrales del acuerdo de paz podrían estar en riesgo. Departamento de Seguridad Internacional y Defensa Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales
Peer Reviewed ; This paper studies a model of endogenous bank opacity. Why do banks choose to hide their risk exposure from the public? And should policy makers force banks to be more transparent? In the model, bank opacity is costly because it encourages banks to take on too much risk. But opacity also reduces the incidence of bank runs (for a given level of risk taking). Banks choose to be inefficiently opaque if the composition of their asset holdings is proprietary information. In this case, policy makers can improve upon the market outcome by imposing public disclosure requirements (such as Pillar Three of Basel II). However, full transparency maximizes neither efficiency nor stability. The model can explain why empirically a higher degree of bank competition leads to increased transparency. I am grateful for financial support from the European Union through ADEMU (Horizon 2020 Grant 649396) and ERC Advanced Grant (APMPAL) GA 324048, from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D (SEV-2015-0563) and through Grant ECO2013-48884-C3-1P, and from the Generalitat de Catalunya (Grant 2014 SGR 1432).
internal market law news in 2016. CJEU, 21 June 2016, Case C-15/15, New Valmar, EU:C:2016:464. ; Actualité du droit du marché intérieur en 2016. CJUE 21 juin 2016, aff. C-15/15, New Valmar, EU:C:2016:464.
in the two judgments commented on, the Conseil du contentieux des étrangers, both in its Dutch-speaking section (judgment No 157.161 of 26 November 2015) and in the French-speaking section (judgment No 162.162 of 16 February 2016), considers that the current security situation in the city of Baghdad does not reach a level of indiscriminate violence such that there are serious grounds for believing that a civilian returned to that city would run a real risk of suffering the serious harm referred to in Article 48/4 (2) (c) of the Law of 15 December 1980. ; Dans les deux arrêts commentés, le Conseil du contentieux des étrangers, tant dans sa section néerlandophone (arrêt n°157.161 du 26 novembre 2015) que francophone (arrêt n°162.162 du 16 février 2016), considère que la situation sécuritaire actuelle dans la ville de Bagdad n'atteint pas un niveau de violence aveugle telle qu'il existe des motifs sérieux et avérés de croire qu'un civil renvoyé dans cette ville y courrait, du seul fait de sa présence, un risque réel de subir les atteintes graves visées à l'article 48/4, §2, c) de la loi du 15 décembre 1980.
Unbelievable", "unthinkable", "inconceivable" the 21st century opens a new era in the field of risk and crisis management. Recent crises, including the unconventional "9/11" terrorist attacks, swift world-wide contamination by the SARS virus, continental blackouts which can occur within the space of a few seconds, the continent-wide effects of a tsunami in unstable geopolitical zones, all seem to differ fundamentally from the seminal cases which gave birth to crisis management studies in the 80s - the tampering of Tylenol being the founding stone of the discipline. The trend seems to be accelerating, so that crises today are increasingly global, intertwined and "non text-book" events. The contents of the established crisis tool kit: risk analysis models, crisis management tools, text-book techniques, organisational check-lists and communication rules all seemed meritorious. Rightly so, because the lessons of the past still have their place. Failure to take them into consideration can ensnare any attempt at crisis management into the increasing complexities of the emerging crisis world, with potentially disastrous results. However, rear view mirror management is no solution, the discipline must move forwards. As observed by foresighted military strategists, the warning is clear: "do not prepare to fight the last war". This contribution aims to clarify the issue, identify the traps and outline some creative lines of response and initiative
The European Commission presented in a document entitled "Agenda 2000" the broad orientations it proposes for the main common policies and the associated budgetary programming for the period 2000-2006. Welcoming the new East European members is prominently included in this programmatic work. The implementation of the criteria laid down for selecting the first elected representatives and the limits of the financial resources which may be allocated to the accession process lead to a pattern of enlargement of the European Union by adjacent extension. While the benefits of a compact European Union are undeniable, there is a risk that countries whose economic and political transition is particularly vulnerable will be permanently excluded from the EU. Finally, budgetary constraints would need to be overcome by a macroeconomic growth strategy involving East European countries. Such a strategy is far from being formulated today, in particular as regards the way in which new members and applicants for the euro are associated (.). ; La Commission européenne a présenté dans un document intitulé " Agenda 2000 " les grandes orientations qu'elle propose pour les principales politiques communes et la programmation budgétaire associée sur la période 2000-2006. L'accueil des nouveaux membres est-européens figure en bonne place dans ce travail programmatique. La mise en oeuvre des critères définis pour sélectionner les premiers élus et les limites des ressources financières qui peuvent être allouées au processus d'adhésion conduisent à un schéma d'élargissement de l'Union européenne par extension limitrophe. Si les avantages d'une Union européenne compacte sont incontestables, le risque est d'exclure durablement de l'Union des pays dont la transition économique et politique est particulièrement vulnérable. Enfin, les contraintes budgétaires nécessiteraient d'être dépassées par une stratégie macroéconomique de croissance qui associe les pays est-européens. Une telle stratégie est loin d'être énoncée aujourd'hui, notamment en ce ...
Summary in the field of ethnobotanical, in biogeographical Chocó, many research has been carried out on the different uses of plants. Many of these investigations aimed at providing commercial products to governments or private companies, but most of these investigations were carried out to share knowledge of the use of medicinal plants to the public and to rescue knowledge that is at risk of being lost. The importance of this work allows us to deepen our knowledge of the use and management of plant species in the different areas of origin. In this way, improvements or alternatives to exploitation can be offered. For this reason, a thorough literature review was carried out on the use of medicinal plants, mainly using related publications Cauca and Chocó In total 1178 records were obtained on the use of medicinal plants; 902 for the department of Chocó and 276 for the department of Cauca. Useful in the treatment of 130 different diseases or conditions, associated with 17 medicinal categories as a result of the literature review of 17 publications. 766 vascular plant species of which 392 sp. for Chocó and 374sp. for Cauca were found, grouped into 132 families. The most representative families in Chocó are: Gesneriaceae (103 uses), Asteraceae (83), Piperaceae (65), Arecaceae (46) and Araceae (41). In the Cauca, it is noted that: Piperaceae (132 uses), Asteraceae (127), Fabaceae (68) Arecaceae (66), Gesneriaceae (51). Health problems with the highest number of treatments in Chocó were snake bites (194 records of use), malaria (100), fever (74), disorder and liver disorders (74) and headache (62), while in Cauca they were snake bite (209), skin wounds with (77), diarrhoea (58), fever (58) and renal disorder and disorders (41). With regard to human groups, Afro-Colombians obtained the highest number of registers, followed by indigenous and mestizos. ; Resumen En el campo de la etnobotánica, en el Chocó biogeográfico, se han realizados muchas investigaciones que tienen como objeto los diferentes usos de las plantas. ...
Through consolidated bibliography, the article debates the role of journalism in relation to risk society, stage of modernity, where issues have a social origin, which are to be attributed of decisions that carry a political nature. We propose to go from a journalism that only makes visible the consequences and affectations, to a preventive journalism, analytical and critical, that studies the complexity of those problems and their structural causes. Likewise, it encouraged the visualization of social antagonisms in order to affect the State building and social organization, in this way the identified risks were included in the intervention agenda. In addition, we refer the attacks on the press by the political authorities and the cases of murders of journalists in Ecuador. We analyze specific cases of risk coverage in the country in recent years that have been related to organized crime, with the exploitation and seizure of resources in areas that have vulnerable populations due to social inequalities and unsatisfied demands. Lastly, we reflected on coverage management, in which planning and development, the integrity of journalist teams in risk situations should be taken into account. ; El artículo pone en discusión, mediante recopilación bibliográfica, el rol del periodismo en relación con la sociedad del riesgo, etapa de la modernidad en que las problemáticas tienen origen social pues son producto de decisiones que conllevan un carácter político. Proponemos pasar de un periodismo que visibiliza solo las consecuencias y afectaciones, a un periodismo de prevención, analítico y crítico que aborde la complejidad de esas problemáticas y sus causas estructurales. De igual forma se impulsa la visibilización de los antagonismos y litigios sociales con la finalidad de que incidan en la configuración del Estado y de la organización social, pues así los riesgos detectados se incluirían en la agenda de intervención. También, relatamos los ataques contra la prensa por parte de las autoridades políticas y casos de ...
What increase in probability the Fukushima Dai-ichi event does entail? Many models and approaches can be used to answer these questions. Poisson regression as well as Bayesian updating are good candidates. However, they fail to address these issues properly because the independence assumption in which they are based on is violated. We propose a Poisson Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (PEWMA) based in a state-space time series approach to overcome this critical drawback. We find an increase in the risk of a core meltdown accident for the next year in the world by a factor of ten owing to the new major accident that took place in Japan in 2011.
