Suchergebnisse

Introduction. Risk and hope: Daily life subversions of the norm -- Part 1. Framing of Norms and Illegalities, Theoretical to Ethnographic. Anthropological shades of grey: Informal norms and becoming (il)legal -- Methodological legalism -- On doing fieldwork, outspokenly: Ethics, money and antiquities illegal trade -- Part 2. Ethnographies of Illegalities and the Reframing of Norms and Margins. Street economies, illegality and rights in Antigua Guatemala -- Informal economies, illegal subjects: Roma and Senegalese traders in Rome -- Repositioning the edge: The resilience of wholesale vegetable markets in Benguet Upland Philippines -- Frontier justice: Making norms, negotiating authority and becoming responsible in Northern Madagascar's artisanal mining sector -- To legally beg or illegally work? Norms and illegality among asylum seekers in Hong Kong.

"The topic of "illegal" immigration has been a major aspect of public discourse in the United States and many other immigrant-receiving countries. From the beginning of its modern invocation in the early twentieth century, the often ill-defined epithet of human "illegality" has figured prominently in the media; in vigorous public debates at the national, state, and local levels; and in presidential campaigns. In this collection of essays, contributors from a variety of disciplines - anthropology, law, political science, religious studies, and sociology - examine how immigration law shapes immigrant illegality, how the concept of immigrant illegality is deployed and lived, and how its power is wielded and resisted. The authors conclude that the current concept of immigrant illegality is in need of sustained critique, as careful analysis will aid policy discussions and lead to more just solutions"--

In contexts of insecurity and inequality across the world, criminal groups have developed into powerful, state-like organizations. Marginalized citizens in search of protection and support may look to criminal leaders, gangs and mafias rather than to politicians and state agencies. Providing residents with forms of social welfare, security and dispute resolution, these criminal organizations have taken on the functions and symbols of the state.00Criminals' positions of power are not only rooted in their social provisioning role, or in fear and force. 'Most Wanted' shows the role of popular culture in producing the socio-political authority of bosses, gangs and cartels. It illustrates this through discussions of Italian, Japanese and Russian mafias, and of criminal groups in Brazil, Ghana, Jamaica, and the United States. The essays collected here analyze different forms of visual, material and performative culture, including street art, film, video games, dance parties, popular music and various everyday objects

Discusses Italian immigration policy, attempting to identify public policy-making patterns. It is suggested that innovative measures addressed to low social strata, at least in Italy, often originate in benevolent illegal practices introduced by sympathetic civil servants & social workers, pressed & supported by voluntary sector associations, charities, & unions. Practices promoted by lobbying are, step by step, embodied in local administration & social services directives & circulars, & then diffused & standardized over the national territory by central government circulars. Senior public administrators & expert committees eventually filter & integrate these practices in the light of comparative policy studies & with a view to possible political outcomes; also they polish, adapt, & correct the practices to translate them into bills of law. Parliament discusses & amends them according to party & intraparty alignments. Any resulting legislation is the outcome of fights & compromises, although enlightenment (expert committees) & benevolence (low strata lobbying) remain in the final product. Legislation originating from benevolent illegal practice is, in turn, partially eroded by malevolent illegal practice, ie, by circulars & decrees illegally used in fields constitutionally protected by law. A remarkable share of the decision-making process takes place sheltered from party conflicts, parliamentary action, or public opinion. This sort of "extrapolitical" policy tends to be of greater significance when new party elites come to power, & lesser when the new elite becomes established. 4 Tables, 1 Figure, 41 Appendixes. Adapted from the source document.

"Ways of Belonging examines the experiences of undocumented young people who are excluded from K-12 schools in Canada and are rendered invisible to the education system. Canadian law doesn't mention the existence of undocumented children, and thus their access to education rests on discretionary practices and is often denied altogether. This book brings the stories of undocumented young people vividly alive, putting them into conversation with the perspectives of the different actors in schools and courts who fail to include these young people. Drawing on five years of ethnographic fieldwork, Francesca Meloni shows how ambivalence shapes the lives of young people who are caught between the desire to belong and the impossibility of fully belonging. Meloni pays close attention to these young people's struggles and hopes, showing us what it means to belong and to endure in contexts of social exclusion. Ways of Belonging reveals the opacities and failures of a system that excludes children from education and puts their lives in invisibility mode"--