Suchergebnisse

My research focuses on race and incarceration in South Africa. People in the "Coloured"community are overrepresented in incarceration statistics, both on the national and onthe regional level. With the help of inmates' life stories gathered at various correctionalcentres in the Western Cape, my thesis seeks to make sense of this phenomenon. ; La thèse porte sur les problématiques d'identités raciales en Afrique du Sud, en lien avecla question carcérale. Les personnes issues de la minorité "Coloured" se trouvent surincarcérésau niveau national comme régional. A l'aide d'entretiens non-directifs de type"récit de vie" récoltés auprès de détenus, la présente thèse entend faire sens desparcours individuels des personnes incarcérées, membres de la communauté ou non.

My research focuses on race and incarceration in South Africa. People in the "Coloured"community are overrepresented in incarceration statistics, both on the national and onthe regional level. With the help of inmates' life stories gathered at various correctionalcentres in the Western Cape, my thesis seeks to make sense of this phenomenon. ; La thèse porte sur les problématiques d'identités raciales en Afrique du Sud, en lien avecla question carcérale. Les personnes issues de la minorité "Coloured" se trouvent surincarcérésau niveau national comme régional. A l'aide d'entretiens non-directifs de type"récit de vie" récoltés auprès de détenus, la présente thèse entend faire sens desparcours individuels des personnes incarcérées, membres de la communauté ou non.

Introduction: Prison is a special, often unrecognized and under-researched world that must not impede access and use of care. The female prison population, although constituting a minority of the prison population, shows a need for specific health especially in reproductive health.Objectives of the study: To draw up an inventory of the conditions for gynecological and obstetric follow-up. In a population mainly coming from precarious socioeconomic environments, define whether access to care facilitated in prisons favors patient care initiatives.Materials and methods: This study was a quantitative, descriptive and mono-centric study (Baumettes, Marseille) with a retrospective collection of data from medical records. 62 files were studied. A descriptive analysis of the data was carried out.Results: The sanitary organization at Les Baumettes obeys the legislative provisions. The health status of women on entry seems less good than that of the general population. Incarceration and the use of care are linked, but the influence of incarceration on gynecological and obstetric follow-up is mainly due to control by health professionals.Conclusion: The impact of incarceration is both positive and negative. It depends primarily on the sociodemographic profile of the woman before her incarceration. ; Introduction à l'étude : La prison est un monde particulier, souvent méconnu et peu étudié qui ne doit pas entraver l'accès et le recours aux soins. La population carcérale féminine bien que constituant une part minoritaire de la population carcérale témoigne de besoin de santé spécifique, en particulier en ce qui concerne la santé génésique.Objectifs de l'étude : Dresser un état des lieux des conditions de suivi gynécologique et obstétrical. Dans une population issue pour la majorité de milieux précaires, définir si l'accès aux soins facilité en milieu pénitentiaire favorise les initiatives de prise en charge des patientes.Matériel et méthode : Cette étude était une étude quantitative, descriptive et monocentrique (Maison d'arrêt des femmes des Baumettes, Marseille) avec un recueil rétrospectif des données à partir de dossiers médicaux. 62 dossiers ont été étudiés. Une analyse descriptive des données a été effectuée.Résultat : L'organisation sanitaire aux Baumettes obéit aux dispositions législatives. L'état de santé des femmes à l'entrée en détention semble moins bon que celui de la population générale. L'incarcération et le recours aux soins sont liées mais l'influence de l'incarcération sur le suivi gynécologique et obstétrical s'observe essentiellement par un contrôle des professionnels de santé.Conclusion : L'impact de l'incarcération est à la fois positif et négatif. Il dépend essentiellement du profil sociodémographique de la femme avant son incarcération.

Introduction: Prison is a special, often unrecognized and under-researched world that must not impede access and use of care. The female prison population, although constituting a minority of the prison population, shows a need for specific health especially in reproductive health.Objectives of the study: To draw up an inventory of the conditions for gynecological and obstetric follow-up. In a population mainly coming from precarious socioeconomic environments, define whether access to care facilitated in prisons favors patient care initiatives.Materials and methods: This study was a quantitative, descriptive and mono-centric study (Baumettes, Marseille) with a retrospective collection of data from medical records. 62 files were studied. A descriptive analysis of the data was carried out.Results: The sanitary organization at Les Baumettes obeys the legislative provisions. The health status of women on entry seems less good than that of the general population. Incarceration and the use of care are linked, but the influence of incarceration on gynecological and obstetric follow-up is mainly due to control by health professionals.Conclusion: The impact of incarceration is both positive and negative. It depends primarily on the sociodemographic profile of the woman before her incarceration. ; Introduction à l'étude : La prison est un monde particulier, souvent méconnu et peu étudié qui ne doit pas entraver l'accès et le recours aux soins. La population carcérale féminine bien que constituant une part minoritaire de la population carcérale témoigne de besoin de santé spécifique, en particulier en ce qui concerne la santé génésique.Objectifs de l'étude : Dresser un état des lieux des conditions de suivi gynécologique et obstétrical. Dans une population issue pour la majorité de milieux précaires, définir si l'accès aux soins facilité en milieu pénitentiaire favorise les initiatives de prise en charge des patientes.Matériel et méthode : Cette étude était une étude quantitative, descriptive et monocentrique (Maison d'arrêt des femmes des Baumettes, Marseille) avec un recueil rétrospectif des données à partir de dossiers médicaux. 62 dossiers ont été étudiés. Une analyse descriptive des données a été effectuée.Résultat : L'organisation sanitaire aux Baumettes obéit aux dispositions législatives. L'état de santé des femmes à l'entrée en détention semble moins bon que celui de la population générale. L'incarcération et le recours aux soins sont liées mais l'influence de l'incarcération sur le suivi gynécologique et obstétrical s'observe essentiellement par un contrôle des professionnels de santé.Conclusion : L'impact de l'incarcération est à la fois positif et négatif. Il dépend essentiellement du profil sociodémographique de la femme avant son incarcération.

Michelle Alexander enseigne le droit à l'Université d'Etat de l'Ohio, après une carrière d'avocate spécialisée dans les civil rights , aussi bien dans les milieux activistes de défense des libertés fondamentales (elle a dirigé le Racial Justice Project de l'ACLU – American Civil Liberties Union – en Californie du Nord) que dans un cabinet d'avocats où elle était spécialisée dans les actions de groupe contre des cas de discriminations raciales et de genre. Elle a publié en 2010 The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness qui est devenu un best-seller et a relancé le débat aux Etats-Unis sur la sur-incarcération des hommes noirs. Si le fait est connu depuis longtemps, et étudié, l'argument central de l'ouvrage d'Alexander est qu'il ne s'agit pas d'un effet pervers de la politique pénale, mais au contraire d'une forme insidieuse de reconstitution, sous d'autres formes, de la ségrégation raciale abolie par les lois des droits civils dans les années 1960 ( civil rights act ). Pour de nombreux Afro-Américains et plus largement pour l'ensemble de la société étatsunienne, ce livre a provoqué une véritable onde de choc à travers tout le pays, qui a permis de fonder et de donner corps à un plaidoyer contre un système pénal injuste et impitoyable vis-à-vis des hommes noirs. L'article publié ici est initialement paru en 2010, au moment de la sortie du livre The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness dans la revue The American Prospect .

Background: In some penitentiary centers, children may stay with their incarcerated mother until they are 18 months old. These women have a special arrangement for their detention during the special moments of the pregnancy and the first months of the child.Objectives: Study the management of incarcerated pregnant women and the support they receive during the creation of the mother-child bond, from the point of view of professionals involved in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. Study the declaration of professionals on the impact of incarceration on the establishment of maternity, and the impact of maternity on incarceration, on medical, legislative and psychological. Describe the support provided for the arrival and separation of the child from women prisoners.Method: This qualitative descriptive and interpretative study was conducted in 2018 among nine professionals: midwives, nursery nurse, supervisors, and prison counselor for insertion and probation surrounding women during their pregnancy in prison in two of the three prisons of the region.Results and discussion: The topics addressed by the professionals focused on the pregnant woman and the young mother who finds herself isolated, and in the face of new difficulties, as well as on the role of each of the professionals and the limits to which they were face.Conclusion: The need for a multidisciplinary team working in an early and continuous way is essential to accompany these women in this stage of their lives and to support the mother-child bond that is created despite detention. ; Introduction : Dans certains centres pénitentiaires, des enfants peuvent rester auprès de leur mère incarcérée jusqu'à leurs 18 mois. Ces femmes bénéficient d'un régime spécial de détention pendant les moments particuliers que sont la grossesse et les premiers mois de l'enfant.Objectifs : Étudier la prise en charge des femmes enceintes incarcérées et l'accompagnement dans la création du lien mère-enfant par les professionnels intervenants en région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Étudier ...

Why is prison one of the seamy side of our democracies? This thesis try to highlight the logicsbehind the construction of an institution which produces asymmetrical power relationship andcauses suffering among the prisoners, based on a study of prison during the French Revolution. Thisperiod allows us to reveal the political issue at stake, because it inherited philanthropic trends whilerenewing, in confronting the facts, the desire for humanity; it also developed various models of theRepublic.The Carceral, the "actual experience of enclosure, constraint and exclusion, for the prisoner, by thejailer, through the power relationship that brings them together", is an unstable structure that issocially constructed. In order to understand how the practices and the intentions have shaped theCarceral, our research focused on the history of emotions and was conducted with an approach ofscales variations. Three parts implemented this point of view, using the Archives Parlementairesand the clerical archives of the Nord department and Nord cities.The first part renders the prism through which reformers envisioned prison during the ConstituentAssembly; the project aiming at humanizing penalties was fraught with contradictions as itfluctuated between new usages of the Law, the subversion of the institution and practices tomaintain social order. The second part explores the variations in republican perceptions of theprotagonists with regard to the state of prisons and of prisoners: it highlights the specific sensibilityof the sequence of An II. Then, keeping as close as possible to the prisoners and jailers, the object isto understand what chains of concrete causality and what mental processes of legitimization bringabout some non-republican incarceration regimes within a "liberal" incarceration regime. ; Pourquoi la prison est-elle une des parts d'ombre de nos démocraties ? Cette thèse tente d'éclairerles logiques de fabrique de l'institution, productrice d'une relation de pouvoir asymétrique et desouffrance pour les ...

" My real mates aren't in prison". Adolescence in prison.
This article examines the range of adolescences experienced by incarcerated young people, through interviews conducted with young women and men in prisons for minors in France. This will involve analysis of what young men and women – who insist they are not " young people like everyone else" – have to say about this. The purpose will therefore be to understand the themes they use to speak about their day-to-day lives, and how they position themselves in the social world. What effect does the prison environment have on the way they talk about their adolescence ? These young people share generational interests despite their incarceration and they consider themselves to be " more mature" than young people of their own age, who appear to them to have less experience of life in general.

Prison poetry is composed in the midst of exceptional circumstances and during painful moments of the life of poets; behind the prison walls where the pen is imprisoned. Writing at the bottom of the cell allows the poet to exercise a form of freedom, a freedom to put together words, to master the rhythm of his own life, timed by schedules and constraints that are not chosen. The present study is devoted to this particular creation written in prison by a number of contemporary French and Arab poets. It previews the historical and literary context in which this creation is located. It shows that this type of poetry reflects the prisoner poet's desire to assert his humanity while rejecting the slow process of dehumanization that accompanies incarceration. Poetic creation during incarceration shapes the memory of the man in prison. Poems composed in prison adopt an ethical dimension more than analytical and focus on lived experiences more than systems of thought where the commitment of poets comes to the fore. From a comparative perspective, the study addresses the relationship between poetry and politics, represented in prison poetry. The social and human questions that occupy the imprisoned poets are also at the center of the study as the poetics and the structure of the imprisoned-poem. The thesis copes with the intertextual processes that nourish the poetry of prisons in many forms: religious, mythical and historical. Hence, Intertextuality is a fundamental feature of this poetry and will be considered in our research. In short, prison poetry proves that poets are really "the masters of words", those who ignore the "shut up", addressed to prisoners, thanks to the height of their poetic language that expresses their different messages. The poetic creation during imprisonment shows that jailed poets are able to "say prison", each in its own uniqueness, and to get involved in the City to which they belong. ; La poésie des prisons est composée dans des circonstances exceptionnelles et pendant des moments pénibles de ...

Since 1993, crime has fallen in the United States to historical lows, providing extraordinary legitimacy to the country's peculiar mix of welfare and punishment, with ever stingier social programs for the poor and the highest rates of incarceration in the world. The Upper Limit sets out to explain why. It provides a comprehensive theory of the evolution of social and penal policy which can be summarized thus: welfare has to be less attractive than low-wage work, and punishment has to make criminal life less attractive than welfare. Low-wage work sets the upper limit of social and penal policy. Declining living standards for the poor since the 1970s have lowered the upper limit in the United States. The Upper Limit explores how these transformations and the ensuing crime drop have affected the lives of the poor in a formerly high-crime Brooklyn neighborhood, East New York. It explains the dark logic behind police brutality, the trials of prisoner reentry and the inhumanity of New York's homeless shelters.

Since 1993, crime has fallen in the United States to historical lows, providing extraordinary legitimacy to the country's peculiar mix of welfare and punishment, with ever stingier social programs for the poor and the highest rates of incarceration in the world. The Upper Limit sets out to explain why. It provides a comprehensive theory of the evolution of social and penal policy which can be summarized thus: welfare has to be less attractive than low-wage work, and punishment has to make criminal life less attractive than welfare. Low-wage work sets the upper limit of social and penal policy. Declining living standards for the poor since the 1970s have lowered the upper limit in the United States. The Upper Limit explores how these transformations and the ensuing crime drop have affected the lives of the poor in a formerly high-crime Brooklyn neighborhood, East New York. It explains the dark logic behind police brutality, the trials of prisoner reentry and the inhumanity of New York's homeless shelters.

An emblematic Cuban opposition figure, Ricardo Gonzalez Alfonso was arrested in March 2003 during the "Black Spring", along with 27 other independent journalists. On July 12, 2010, after seven years in prison, he was one of the first political prisoners released in a wave of clemency measures decided by the Castrist regime. He has since lived in Spain, where he continues to fight for freedom of expression and democracy. In an extended interview with Axel Gylden, he describes the day-to-day lives of dissidents in the country ruled by the Castro brothers, recounting the circumstances surrounding his arrest and the conditions during his incarceration. To all those naive enough to believe in regime change, Ricardo Gonzalez Alfonso tirelessly repeats that the recent clemencies for opposition figures are nothing but a smokescreen. Castrism is alive and well and continues to be supported by the two pillars that have ensured its success for more than 50 years, namely disinformation and fear. Adapted from the source document.

From 1967 till today, the gendered subjectivities of Palestinian activists incarcerated in Israel have evolved according to their political and armed mobilizations and the conditions of their detention. Up till the First Intifada, prison was a site of training for political women who asserted their activism in the context of secular parties (Fatah, leftwing parties) and feminism. When, in the course of interrogations, the Israeli intelligence services turned to forms of physical and psychological abuse tied to their gender and sexuality, these women violently experienced the conflict at the level of their bodies. In response, they resignified these stigmata as so many markers of their engagement. Following the Oslo peace agreement, their actions became more diversified. Faced with the repression of the Second Intifada, they threw themselves into martyrdom operations. Violence, however, is denied in their accounts and bodies appear sexualized and feminine. Secular activists were then joined by others belonging to religious parties (Hamas, Islamic Jihad). As the experience of incarceration became commonplace, new ways of living beyond prison gradually emerged. Former inmates established feminine collective networks and their activism and periods of imprisonment came to be seen as sources of transformation for gender relations.

From 1967 till today, the gendered subjectivities of Palestinian activists incarcerated in Israel have evolved according to their political and armed mobilizations and the conditions of their detention. Up till the First Intifada, prison was a site of training for political women who asserted their activism in the context of secular parties (Fatah, leftwing parties) and feminism. When, in the course of interrogations, the Israeli intelligence services turned to farms of physical and psychological abuse tied to their gender and sexuality, these women violently experienced the conflict at the level of their bodies. In response, they resignified these stigmata as so many markers of their engagement. Following the Oslo peace agreement, their actions became more diversified. Faced with the repression of the Second Intifada, they threw themselves into martyrdom operations. Violence, however, is denied in their accounts and bodies appear sexualized and feminine. Secular activists were then joined by others belonging to religious parties (Hamas, Islamic Jihad). As the experience of incarceration became commonplace, new ways of living beyond prison gradually emerged. Former inmates established feminine collective networks and their activism and periods of imprisonment came to be seen as sources of transformation for gender relations. Adapted from the source document.