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Melissa Thompson and Summer Newell: Motherhood after Incarceration: Community Reintegration for Mothers in the Criminal Legal System. New York: Routledge 2021. 9780367365097

The conciliation between perpetrator and victim is deemed an appropriate innovation in contrast to the great expense of incarceration and in view of the great expense of incarceration and in view of the atonement embodied in the reparation resulting from the resolution of the conflict. This work deals with those other aspects of a crime which go beyond economic rationality and humanity. A perspective based upon the historical and sociological facets of the subject is developed which considers not only the controversy surrounding this topic but also the conciliation between perpetrator and victim in its positive and socially relevant form. This basic theme of the study, casts new light on criminal behavior and the relationship between perpetrator and victim. Three digressions provide the tools for an investigation of the conciliation between perpetrator and victim as a source for a cultural norm with reference to Foucault's critique of culture and Adorno's study of identity which might be of value in a holistic view of society

Drug consumption is a voluntary decision based on preexisting situational contexts, social events, personal traits and cultural circumstances. Because of this, drug consumption is not pathological but rather normal and ubiquitous. It is only as a result of persecution by the authorities of social control that drug users develop deviant behavior. This is why anomy is not the cause but the consequence of illegal drug use.Through persecution and incarceration the drug user starts to develop negative identity awareness, thus perceiving himself as addicted and as a criminal. Due to the criminalization and the associated persecution, criminalization and imprisonment of the drug-addicted subject is assigned to the drug subculture. The associated stigma lets the subject develop a self-identity which corresponds to the constructed perception. It perceives itself as being addicted and identifies any discomfort as withdrawal symptoms that can only be alleviated by further drug use.As a result of prolonged incarceration in the German penal system dependence patterns are consolidated, thus making all attempts of a return to civil society futile. It is necessary to change drug policy now. A case management with integrated motivational interviewing can help the drug users to develop new perspectives for their lives instead leading them into misery.

Drogenbeschaffung, Drogenhandel, Drogenkonsum, Strafvollzug, Drogenpolitik, Drogenpolitikforschung, Strafvollzugsforschung, Anomiekonzept, Subkultur, Subkulturtheorie, Case Management, Sucht, Drogenabhängigkeit, Insassensubkultur, manipulative Subkultur, Gewaltsubkultur, Resozialisierung, Substitution, Drogentherapie, Naturalismus, Subjekthaftigkeit, Objekthaftigkeit, Verwaltung, Bürokratie, Stigmatisierung, Kriminalisierung, Identität. - Drug consumption is a voluntary decision based on preexisting situational contexts, social events, personal traits and cultural circumstances. Because of this, drug consumption is not pathological but rather normal and ubiquitous. It is only as a result of persecution by the authorities of social control that drug users develop deviant behavior. This is why anomy is not the cause but the consequence of illegal drug use.Through persecution and incarceration the drug user starts to develop negative identity awareness, thus perceiving himself as addicted and as a criminal. Due to the criminalization and the associated persecution, criminalization and imprisonment of the drug-addicted subject is assigned to the drug subculture. The associated stigma lets the subject develop a self-identity which corresponds to the constructed perception. It perceives itself as being addicted and identifies any discomfort as withdrawal symptoms that can only be alleviated by further drug use. As a result of prolonged incarceration in the German penal system dependence patterns are consolidated, thus making all attempts of a return to civil society futile. It is necessary to change drug policy now. A case management with integrated motivational interviewing can help the drug users to develop new perspectives for their lives instead leading them into misery.

Der Sammelband zeigt den Mehrwert intersektionaler und postkolonialer Ansätze für die feministische Forschung zu Macht und Herrschaft und diskutiert das Verhältnis beider Ansätze zueinander. Die Autor*innen demonstrieren, wie diese innovativen kritischen Ansätze aktuelle gesellschaftswissenschaftliche Debatten unter anderem zu Religion, Gefängniskritik, der Ethik biomedizinischer Forschung, dem Wohlfahrtsstaat oder ökologischen und studentischen Bewegungen im globalen Süden bereichern.; This edited volume shows the added value of intersectional and postcolonial approaches for feminist research on power and domination and discusses the relationship between the two approaches. The contributors show how these innovative critical approaches enrich current debates in political science on Islamic religion, incarceration, the ethics of biomedical research, the welfare state, and ecological and student movements in the global South, among others.

This edited volume shows the added value of intersectional and postcolonial approaches for feminist research on power and domination and discusses the relationship between the two approaches. The contributors show how these innovative critical approaches enrich current debates in political science on Islamic religion, incarceration, the ethics of biomedical research, the welfare state, and ecological and student movements in the global South, among others. Der Sammelband zeigt den Mehrwert intersektionaler und postkolonialer Ansätze für die feministische Forschung zu Macht und Herrschaft und diskutiert das Verhältnis beider Ansätze zueinander. Die Autor*innen demonstrieren, wie diese innovativen kritischen Ansätze aktuelle gesellschaftswissenschaftliche Debatten unter anderem zu Religion, Gefängniskritik, der Ethik biomedizinischer Forschung, dem Wohlfahrtsstaat oder ökologischen und studentischen Bewegungen im globalen Süden bereichern.

The spectacular growth of incarceration in the U.S. can hardly be explained by the genesis of a "prison-industrial complex," as suggested by some criminologists, journalists & justice activists. Instead we must look at the rise of the "liberal-paternalist state," in which the prison functions as part of a triadic institutional nexus: The penal system contributes directly to regulating the lower segments of the labor market; it complements & compensates for the collapsing ghetto as device for the confinement of a population considered deviant, devious, & dangerous; & it is directly connected to the logic of welfare-to-workfare reforms. References. Adapted from the source document.

Bis heute gehören die Zeugen Jehovas zu den weitgehend vergessenen Opfern des NS-Regimes. Sie wurden bereits Mitte 1933 und von da an mit unerbittlicher Härte bekämpft. Keine andere Religionsgemeinschaft hat mit einer vergleichbaren Geschlossenheit und Unbeugsamkeit dem nationalsozialistischen Druck widerstanden. Der Bekennermut der "Bibelforscher" beschäftigte zeitweilig höchste Stellen in Justiz, Polizei und SS. Sie waren die einzige Gruppe, die ungeachtet drohender Todesstrafe geschlossen den Kriegsdienst verweigerte. Die Auswertung bislang unbekannter Archivalien, Interviews mit Überlebenden und die kritische Auseinandersetzung mit ihrem Schrifttum bilden die Basis für diese erste umfassende sozialgeschichtliche Darstellung über die Verfolgung der Zeugen Jehovas im Nationalsozialismus. The religious community of Jehovas Witnesses is one of the almost forgotten groups of Nazi victims. Jehovas Witnesses constituted no more than a half per mille of the German population, about 25,000-30,000 people, but they were one of the most fiercely persecuted religious groups in the Third Reich. They even were the first group to be outlawed by the Nazi regime, as early as 1933. In spite of this, they continued in their resistance, eoften arning incarceration in the concentration camps. Even there, they refused to work for the armaments. The collective refusal of their men to serve as soldiers in the war led many of them to their deaths by court martial.

Preliminary material /Editors Baader-Meinhof Returns -- Introduction: The Long Shadow of Terrorism /Gerrit-Jan Berendes and Ingo Cornils -- Armed Innocence, or 'Hitler's Children' Revisited /Gerd Koenen -- Transgenerational Hauntings: Screening the Holocaust in Gerhard Richter's October 18, 1977 Paintings /Eric Kligerman -- Dead Holger /Carrie Collenberg -- Ulrike Marie Meinhof as Woman and Terrorist: Cultural Discourses of Violence and Virtue /Sarah Colvin -- The RAF as Trauma and Pop Icon in Literature since the 1980s /Sabine von Dirke -- Engendering the Subject of Terror: Friedrich Christian Delius and Friedrich Dürrenmatt in the Mid-1980s /Charity Scribner -- Joined at the Hip? The Representation of the German Student Movement and Left-Wing Terrorism in Recent Literature /Ingo Cornils -- Christian Geissler: Critical Companion of the Left /Sven Kramer -- Shakespeare's Children in Dialogue: Erich Fried and Heiner Müller /Gerrit-Jan Berendse -- Terrorism and Theatre in Germany /Birgit Haas -- Reinscribing the German Autumn: Heinrich Breloer's Todesspiel and the Two Clusters of German 'Terrorist' Films /Julian Preece -- Marking Invisible Memory Visible: Communicative Memory and Taboo in Andres Veiel's Black Box BRD /Chirs Homewood -- Skyjacking: Cultural Memory and the Movies /Annette Vowinckel -- Imagining the RAF from an East German Perspective: Carow's Vater, Mutter, Mörderkind and Dresen's Raus aus der Haut /Gabriele Mueller -- The New Executioners' Arrival: German Left-Wing Terrorism and the Memory of the Holocaust /Ewout van der Knaap -- Stammheim Forever and the Ghosts of Guantánamo: Cultural Memory and the Politics of Incarceration /Jeremy Varon -- Select Bibliography /Editors Baader-Meinhof Returns -- Notes of Contributors /Editors Baader-Meinhof Returns -- Photographic Credits /Editors Baader-Meinhof Returns -- Index /Editors Baader-Meinhof Returns.

Die Dissertation behandelt die sprachlichen Ausdrucksmittel, die polnische Häftlinge (Männer) benutzt haben, um nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg (auf Polnisch und Deutsch) über ihre Haftzeit im Konzentrationslager Sachsenhausen zu berichten. Die Arbeit setzt sich mit der besonderen Art der Wiedergabe der KZ-Erinnerungen auseinander. Sie zeigt, dass in den Berichten Gräuel zur Sprache gebracht werden, die von den Betroffenen sonst meist als "unaussprechlich" angesehen werden. Die Autorin weist darauf hin, dass in den Berichten an den Stellen, wo Sprachlosigkeit artikuliert wird, gehäuft Metaphern auftreten. Die Untersuchung bestätigt also die Hypothese, dass Unsagbares von traumatisierten Personen weder ungesagt gelassen noch geleugnet werden muss, sondern durch indirekte Ausdrucksweisen sprachlich mitteilbar gemacht werden kann. Die Metapher erweist sich hier als Manifestationsform existenzieller Grenzerfahrungen. Diese Perspektive mit dem zugehörigen Untersuchungsprogramm wird in der Dissertation zunächst systematisch erläutert und dann durch eine inhaltliche Klassifikation und Analyse aller einschlägigen Textstellen in dem Korpus von 200 Berichten realisiert. In der Untersuchung wird gleichzeitig hervorgehoben, dass die KZ-Überlebenden nicht wie von der KZ-Politik angestrebt, nur das individuelle eigene Schicksal zum Mittelpunkt ihrer Haft-Existenz machten, sondern die Tatsache der Zugehörigkeit zu einem Häftlingskollektiv. Als Mitglieder dieses Kollektivs entwickelten sie gemeinsame Konventionen und Reaktionsweisen. Dies galt v.a. auch für die sprachliche Bewältigung der Betroffenen durch die Artikulation von Sprachlosigkeit durch Heranziehung gleichartiger Quellbereiche in der Metaphernbildung. Wie die Autorin durch ihre Metapherninterpretation aufzeigt, entstand auf diese Weise ein für alle Mitglieder der polnischen Häftlingsgruppe gemeinsames differenziertes Bild des Lagerlebens und -darstellens, wie beispielsweise: Das Konzentrationslager Sachsenhausen ist eine Hölle, Ein Häftling ist eine Nummer, Ein SS-Mann ist ein Herrscher, Folter ist Sport, Tod ist Freiheit Die Analyse der einzelnen metaphorischen Konzepte füllt eine Forschungslücke in der Untersuchung von Erlebnisberichten von KZ-Überlebenden als Gegenstand sprachwissenschaftlicher Analyse. Das Innovative an der Arbeit besteht in der systematischen Analyse der metaphorischen Konzepte, die von einer homogenen Gruppe, den ehemaligen polnischen Häftlingen des KZ Sachsenhausen, gebildet wurden und sich auf einzelne Aspekte der KZ-Haft beziehen. Bei dem vorliegenden Forschungsgegenstand geht es nicht um eine objektiv rekonstruierbare Ereignisgeschichte, sondern um die subjektive Erfahrungsgeschichte ehemaliger Häftlinge. Die Wahrnehmung der KZ-Haft durch polnische Überlebende steht im Mittelpunkt der Analyse. ; This dissertation examines the verbal means of expression used by male Polish inmates after the Second World War, in both German and Polish, to describe their time as prisoners in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp. It deals with the particular ways in which memories of the concentration camp are told in the postwar period. The study shows that those affected address atrocities that were otherwise described by them as "unspeakable." The author points to the places in the reports where a number of metaphors emerge when speechlessness is articulated. This study confirms the hypothesis that the unspeakable of traumatized individuals must not be left unsaid or denied but can be communicated by indirect ways of expressing the experience. In this context, the use of metaphors proves to be a manifestation of existential borderline experiences. In the dissertation this perspective with the related study program is first systematically explained and then a content analysis and classification of pertinent textual passages in the body of 200 reports is realized. At the same time, this study underscores that concentration camp survivors had developed a collective consciousness in the camp rather focusing on their individual plights. This collective consciousness as inmates stands in stark contrast to the Nazi camp policy that aimed to play individual inmates against each other and discouraged a collective identity. As members of their collective the survivors developed common norms and ways to react to certain situations. This is also true for how those affected coped verbally through the articulation of speechlessness by drawing on metaphors of the same source areas. In her interpretation of metaphors the author shows a common differentiated picture of camp life and depiction for all the Polish inmates, for example: The concentration camp Sachsenhausen is hell, an inmate a number, an SS man is a ruler, torture is a sport, death is freedom. The analysis of the individual metaphorical concepts fills a research gap in the examination of accounts of concentration camp survivors as an object of language analysis. What is new about this project is the systematic analysis of metaphorical concepts that were formed by a homogenous group, former Polish inmates of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp, and the reference to individual aspects of the incarceration. The point of this research is not an objective reconstruction of the events but rather about the subjective experience of the former inmates. The perception of incarceration by Polish survivors is at the center of this analysis.

The Informatio Seriosa is an ecclesiastical political document written by Benedict XIII. in 1399 with the main focus to unify the church and to end the Great Schism. This dissertation presents for the first time the text of this document in total. It is part of the large written work by this great second Schism Pope from Avignon (1394-1417/22) and was composed in two parts, the first a detailed account of events 1394/95, the second dealing with the events 1398/99 including documents to prove his faultless behaviour. The Great Schism lasted already sixteen years prior to the election of Benedict XIII. Neither his predecessor Clemens VII., nor his counterparts Urban VI. or Boniface IX. in Rome ever undertook any measures to resolve the Schism with peaceful means. Only six months after his election Benedict XIII. had to defend his and his cardinals concept to resolve the Great Schism against the French Court and especially the University of Paris, who in turn asked for his resignation. These negotiations are described in the first part of the Informatio Seriosa. Four years later, in July 1398, France split from Benedict XIII. and he was besieged in his papal palace in Avignon and hence became a prisoner of the King of France and his disloyal cardinals. The events of his first year of incarceration are described in the second part of the Informatio Seriosa. Only in 1403 he managed to escape in the mid of night and from then on tried to arrange a meeting with his Roman counterparts Boniface IX., Innocent VII. and Gregory XII. In May 1408 France withdrew their obedience again. Threatened by an arrest warrant issued by the King of France and abandoned by most of his cardinals, Benedict XIII. fled to Perpignan, at that time part of the Spanish territory. There he summoned a Council in November 1408 and gave account of the years of his pontificate, one part of which was based on the Informatio Seriosa. The Informatio Seriosa from 1399 survived in four different manuscripts in Paris (P), Rome (R), Oxford (O) and Salamanca ...

Der mit dem StGB 1975 eingeführte § 21 Abs 1 ermöglichte es erstmals strafrechtlich auf rechtswidriges Verhalten zurechnungsunfähiger Personen zu reagieren. Einst dafür vorgesehen die Gesellschaft vor schwer gefährlichen Rechtsbrechern zu schützen, stellen heute vermehrt minderschwere Delikte den Anlass für die Anordnung der Maßnahme dar. Die Einweisungszahlen steigen jährlich, während Entlassungen aus der Maßnahme immer zögerlicher erfolgen. Da die Maßnahme potenziell lebenslänglich angeordnet wird, werden so aus minderschweren Anlasstaten nicht selten jahrzehntelange Anhaltungen. Ursprünglich konzipiert als "Behandlung statt Strafe" scheint die nicht gewollte, jedoch mit der Maßnahme zwangsläufig verbundene Übelszufügung für die Betroffenen in mehrerlei Hinsicht gravierender zu sein als das mit einer Strafe verbundene Übel. Trotz jahrelanger heftiger Kritik am Maßnahmenvollzug lassen Reformen weiter auf sich warten. Diese Diplomarbeit geht der Frage nach, ob die aktuelle Anwendungspraxis des § 21 Abs 1 StGB noch dem ursprünglichen Zweck der Maßnahme entspricht oder ob es sich angesichts der aktuellen Entwicklungen um eine überzogene Risikovermeidung auf Kosten beeinträchtigter und kranker Personen handelt. Zu diesem Zweck soll nach einem Überblick über Entwicklung und Anwendungsvoraussetzungen der Maßnahme ein Vergleich des § 21 Abs 1 StGB mit anderen freiheitsentziehen Instrumenten erfolgen. Der größte Teil der Arbeit widmet sich der Diskussion immer wieder heftig kritisierter Problembereiche, welche sich von der veralteten, menschenverachtenden Terminologie über die fragwürdige Qualität der den Einweisungen und Entlassungen zugrunde liegenden Gutachten bis hin zum Mangel an Nachsorgeeinrichtungen erstreckt. Abschließend erfolgt eine Betrachtung der Maßnahme des § 21 Abs 1 StGB im Lichte verfassungs- und menschenrechtlicher Bestimmungen, wobei hier in mehrerlei Hinsicht ein Spannungsverhältnis vorliegt. ; The implementation of § 21 Sect. 1 of the criminal code in 1975 made it possible for the first time to react to unlawful behaviour of legally insane people. Initially intended to protect society from highly dangerous law breakers, nowadays, however, mainly minor offenses are the reason for institutionalization. Institutionalization figures increase annually, whereas dismissals happen increasingly hesitant. As forensic commitment is potentially ordered to life, minor offenses very often entail detention for decades. Originally conceived as "treatment instead of punishment" it turns out that forensic commitment is, in respect to the duration of incarceration among other things, worse for offenders than actual punishment for unlawful behaviour. Although forensic commitment has been heavily criticised for years, no crucial reforms have been undertaken so far.This thesis explores the question of whether the current application practice of § 21 Sect. 1 still corresponds with the original purpose of it or whether it is now, in view of the current development, an excessive reaction at the expense of impaired people. First, an overview of the development and requirements for the implementation of forensic commitment is given, followed by a comparison of § 21 Sect. 1 with other forms of legal punishment. The largest part of this theses is devoted to discussing heavily criticized issues, like the use of out-dated, misanthropic terminology, the questionable quality of psychiatric reports determining institutionalization and release on parole, as well as the scandalous lack of aftercare facilities which are the basic prerequisite for a release. Finally, forensic commitment based on § 21 Sect. 1 is critically analysed with respect to constitutional and human rights provisions, consequently revealing tensions in several respects. ; vorgelegt von Alina Maria Zeneli, MA ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung des Verfassers/der Verfasserin ; Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Diplomarbeit, 2021 ; (VLID)5707406